Metal Contamination Biomonitoring with Marine Macroalgae

A special issue of Environments (ISSN 2076-3298).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 1512

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centro Oceanográfico de A Coruña, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), A Coruña, Spain
Interests: heavy metals; macroalgae; biomonitoring; ecotoxicology; marine pollution

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Guest Editor
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Quebec, QC, Canada
Interests: metal; biogeochemistry; aquatic toxicity; uptake; bioavailability; algae; ecotoxicology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal contamination in the marine environment has emerged as a major environmental concern globally. Metals (e.g., Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and metalloids (As) have been discharged in large amounts into the marine environment without adequate environmental control as a result of human activities. These contaminants are toxic, persistent, and can be bioaccumulated and transferred through the marine food web, threatening the integrity of ecosystems and human health. As metal contamination results in the steady degradation of ecosystems, monitoring and assessment of the quality of the marine environment has become a global priority, with legislative measures and strategies to mitigate its impact and to protect and conserve ecosystems. Marine macroalgae have been widely used as biomonitors of marine contamination (including metals and organic pollutants, among others) since the middle of the 20th century. These organisms, especially brown macroalgae, are considered one of the most efficient and reliable metal biomonitors due to their ability to accumulate high levels of metals from the surrounding environment.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of studies which deal with the use of marine macroalgae as biomonitors of metallic contamination based on different approaches, namely local/regional biomonitoring surveys using native macroalgae or transplants, studies relating seasonal/temporal variability with environmental variability and climate change, methodological improvements in monitoring techniques, bioaccumulation and biosorption experiments, etc. The submission of long-term field studies is highly encouraged. Particular attention will be paid to studies comparing the bioaccumulation capacity of different species and the mechanisms involved in metal binding/uptake processes.

Dr. Rita García Seoane
Dr. Claude Fortin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • trace elements
  • heavy metals
  • marine macroalgae
  • bioavailability
  • metal toxicity
  • bioaccumulation
  • biosorption
  • water quality
  • aquatic pollution
  • seawater contamination

Published Papers (1 paper)

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15 pages, 3831 KiB  
Article
An Effective Biomonitor of Potentially Toxic Elements in Marine Ecosystems: The Brown Alga Dictyota spiralis
by Maria Antonietta Nitopi, Daniela Baldantoni, Vincenzo Baldi, Floriana Di Stefano and Alessandro Bellino
Environments 2024, 11(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments11030051 - 08 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Coastal marine areas are threatened by different forms of pollution, among which potentially toxic elements (PTEs) represent a primary hazard. In this study, 16 Mediterranean macroalgae colonizing the upper eulittoral and infralittoral zones were studied for their PTE accumulation capabilities in order to [...] Read more.
Coastal marine areas are threatened by different forms of pollution, among which potentially toxic elements (PTEs) represent a primary hazard. In this study, 16 Mediterranean macroalgae colonizing the upper eulittoral and infralittoral zones were studied for their PTE accumulation capabilities in order to identify possible biomonitors that could replace the use of Posidonia oceanica, a protected species. To achieve this objective, macronutrients (Ca, K, Mg, P, S), micronutrients (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, Ni, Si, V, Zn) and non-essential elements (Cd, Pb) were analyzed in the thalli of different algal species, the leaves of P. oceanica and in sediments collected from six sampling sites along the Cilento coast (Campania, Italy), all characterized by different anthropogenic pressures. For sediments, a sequential extraction of PTEs to evaluate their bioavailability profile was also carried out together with the analysis of mineralogical composition, particle size distribution, pH and organic matter content. Macrophytes, belonging to different divisions (six Rhodophyta, four Chlorophyta, six Heterokontophyta, one Embryophyta), are characterized by different PTE concentrations, with a few ones being characterized by an even accumulation response toward the different PTEs. One of these, the brown alga Dictyota spiralis, is able to accumulate PTEs in concentrations similar to P. oceanica and provides more accurate concentration gradients, highlighting clear pollution scenarios that were overlooked using P. oceanica only. Therefore, D. spiralis is a useful PTE biomonitor of coastal marine ecosystems and a suitable replacement for P. oceanica, also featuring the possibility of being employed in active biomonitoring applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Contamination Biomonitoring with Marine Macroalgae)
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