Monitoring and Assessment of Environmental Quality in Coastal Ecosystems, 5th Edition

A special issue of Environments (ISSN 2076-3298).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2026 | Viewed by 1828

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coastal ecosystems are dynamic, complex, and often fragile transition environments between land and oceans. They are exclusive habitats for a broad range of living organisms, functioning as biodiversity havens and providing several important ecological services linking terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments.

Humans living in coastal zones have been strongly dependent on these ecosystems as sources of food, physical protection against storms and the advancing sea, as well as a range of human activities that generate economic income (e.g., tourism and water sports). The intensification of human activities in coastal areas in recent decades, as well as the current global climatic changes and coastal erosion processes, have had detrimental impacts on these environments: organic and inorganic pollution; marine anthropogenic litter; destruction, fragmentation, and modification of habitats for multiple purposes; overexploitation of natural resources; introduction of invasive species; and loss of biodiversity. Maintaining the structural and functional integrity of these environments, as well as recovering an ecological balance or mitigating disturbances in systems under the influence of such stressors, are complex tasks only achievable through the implementation of monitoring programs and environmental quality assessments.

In this Special Issue, we invite colleagues to contribute original research papers and review articles on all aspects of coastal ecosystems’ environmental quality monitoring and assessment. The monitoring and assessment methods may focus solely on abiotic compartments, such as water and sediments, or include biotic compartments of relevance from all taxonomic origins. The tools used may range across various ecological levels of organization, from the individual to the ecosystem, including, for example, environmental quality and environmental indexes, ecotoxicology and biomarkers, bioindicators and biomonitors, population and community indexes and indicators, and ecosystem responses and services. Innovative and more traditional monitoring and assessment methods are both welcome.

The publications in the first and second volumes of this Special Issue, which we believe may be of interest to you, can be found at the following links: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/environments/special_issues/Environmental_Quality; https://www.mdpi.com/journal/environments/special_issues/Environmental_Ecosystems; https://www.mdpi.com/journal/environments/special_issues/IR6CT88409; https://www.mdpi.com/journal/environments/special_issues/10R4S3J1J4.

Dr. Sílvia C. Gonçalves
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • coastal ecosystems
  • environmental quality and environmental indexes
  • monitoring and/or assessment programs
  • environmental disturbances
  • pressures and stressors
  • anthropogenic impacts
  • bioindicators
  • biomonitors
  • ecotoxicology and biomarkers
  • populations
  • communities and ecosystem responses

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

33 pages, 10757 KB  
Article
Sediment Transport and Silting Rate in a Microtidal Estuary: Case Study of Osellino Canal (Venice Lagoon, Italy)
by Roberto Zonta, Janusz Dominik, Jean-Luc Loizeau, Simone Leoni, Giorgia Manfè, Giuliano Lorenzetti, Gian Marco Scarpa, Daniele Cassin and Luca Zaggia
Environments 2026, 13(2), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13020112 - 17 Feb 2026
Viewed by 664
Abstract
Riverbed siltation in estuaries affects ecosystem functioning, water quality, and navigation. This study investigates the flow-regulated Osellino Canal, a freshwater tributary of the Venice Lagoon that crosses a largely urbanized area and is undergoing progressive siltation. High-resolution measurements of discharge (Q) [...] Read more.
Riverbed siltation in estuaries affects ecosystem functioning, water quality, and navigation. This study investigates the flow-regulated Osellino Canal, a freshwater tributary of the Venice Lagoon that crosses a largely urbanized area and is undergoing progressive siltation. High-resolution measurements of discharge (Q) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were performed using hydroacoustic instrumentation from September 2019 to December 2021. The analysis examined discharge dynamics, sediment transport, and rainfall-runoff relationships. Results indicate a mean annual discharge of 2.1 m3 s−1 and an average annual suspended sediment load of ~2900 ± 330 t. Discharge patterns were strongly influenced by water management, resulting in anomalous runoff coefficients (δ > 1) during dry periods. Sediment export proved to be strongly event-driven: episodic high-flow events accounted for about 23% of the total load despite representing only a small fraction of the study period. Furthermore, a strong linear relationship between runoff and sediment load (R2 = 0.94) confirms an advection-dominated regime, where net export is regulated primarily by hydrodynamic volume rather than fluctuations in sediment supply. Bathymetric comparisons (2011–2019) reveal a mean annual sediment retention of 400 ± 100 t yr−1, corresponding to a trapping efficiency of approximately 12 ± 3% relative to the gross sediment input. These findings, supported by SSL–runoff regression residuals, consistently indicate net sediment accumulation associated with the long-term malfunction of a miter-gate system that impedes efficient sediment export. This study provides a critical pre-rehabilitation baseline, establishing a benchmark to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing restoration efforts initiated in March 2022 and the future hydromorphological recovery of the canal. Full article
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21 pages, 2218 KB  
Article
Long-Term Assessment of Trophic State and Environmental Drivers in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) Within the MSFD (D5) Implementation
by Alessandro Acquavita, Nicola Bettoso, Massimo Celio and Francesco Cumani
Environments 2025, 12(12), 482; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12120482 - 10 Dec 2025
Viewed by 866
Abstract
The trophic status of coastal environments is largely controlled by nutrient inputs, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, whose excess may lead to eutrophication. The northern Adriatic Sea has historically been affected by these processes, with notable impacts on water quality. This study analyses a [...] Read more.
The trophic status of coastal environments is largely controlled by nutrient inputs, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, whose excess may lead to eutrophication. The northern Adriatic Sea has historically been affected by these processes, with notable impacts on water quality. This study analyses a time series (2015–2024) collected at six offshore sites in the Gulf of Trieste within the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) Descriptor 5. Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) showed marked spatial variability, with 19.9% of samples exceeding the threshold of 6.85 µM. Phosphate concentrations were low (mean 0.17 µM), indicating strong P-limitation (mean N:P ratio = 277). Chlorophyll a concentrations (mean 0.9 ± 0.1 µg L−1) reflected oligotrophic conditions, although 17% of samples exceeded 1.5 µg L−1. Time-series analyses revealed a significant warming trend (+0.1 °C yr−1; p = 0.022) and a significant decrease in chlorophyll a (p = 0.038), while no significant trends were observed for nutrients, dissolved oxygen or TRIX. TRIX values (0.8–6.9) indicated overall good to high ecological status. A trophic–hydrological gradient highlighted the positive influence of river inputs and precipitation on nutrient availability and trophic conditions. These results provide a solid quantitative baseline for MSFD assessments and underscore the role of hydrological and meteorological forcing in shaping trophic variability in the Gulf of Trieste. Full article
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