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Entropy
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Thermodynamic Optimization of Energy Systems
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Thermodynamic Optimization of Energy Systems

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Thermodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1069

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Adriano Viana Ensinas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
Interests: biofuels; biomass conversion; process integration; modeling and design of biorefineries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue on Thermodynamic Optimization of Energy Systems explores advanced methods for the design, optimization, and sustainability of energy systems in response to global energy and environmental challenges. Key topics include multi-objective optimization techniques, exergy and pinch analysis, life cycle assessment, and computational modeling for enhancing the efficiency of thermodynamic processes. Research covers biofuel production, hydrogen technology, and the integration of renewables, focusing on energy transitions in agricultural and industrial sectors. Emphasis is placed on innovative thermodynamic cycles, the optimization of energy conversion processes, emission reduction strategies, and resource management, offering critical insights for sustainable energy system design and operation.

Dr. Adriano Viana Ensinas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thermodynamics
  • energy optimization
  • sustainable energy systems
  • multi-objective optimization
  • emission reduction strategies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 4430 KiB  
Article
Exergetic Analysis and Design of a Mechanical Compression Stage—Application for a Cryogenic Air Separation Plant
by Adalia Andreea Percembli (Chelmuș), Arthur Dupuy, Lavinia Grosu, Daniel Dima and Alexandru Dobrovicescu
Entropy 2025, 27(5), 532; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050532 - 16 May 2025
Viewed by 30
Abstract
This study focuses on the compression area of a cryogenic air separation unit (ASU). The mechanism of exergy consumption in the compressor was revealed. The influence of the compression ratio and of the isentropic efficiency per stage give arguments for proper choice of [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the compression area of a cryogenic air separation unit (ASU). The mechanism of exergy consumption in the compressor was revealed. The influence of the compression ratio and of the isentropic efficiency per stage give arguments for proper choice of these decisional parameters. For the purchase cost of the compressor, an exergoeconomic correlation based on the exergetic product represented by the compression ratio and the isentropic efficiency as the Second Law coefficient of performance was used instead of the common thermo-economic one based only on the cost of materials. The impact of the suction temperature on the compressor operating performance is shown, making the gap between the compression stage and the associated intercooler. After optimization of the global system, a specific exergy destruction is assigned to each inter-stage compression cooler. To fit this optimum exergy consumption, a design procedure for the inter-stages and final coolers based on the number of heat transfer units (NTU-ε) method and the number of exergy units destroyed (NEUD) is shown. Graphs are provided that make the application of the method straightforward and much easier to use compared to the usual logarithmic mean temperature difference. A 25% increase in the compression ratio per stage leads to a decrease in the exergy efficiency of 3%, while the purchase cost of the compressor rises by 80%. An increase in the isentropic efficiency of the compressor from 0.7 to 0.85 leads to an increase in the exergetic performance coefficient of 21%, while the compressor purchase cost triples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermodynamic Optimization of Energy Systems)
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21 pages, 5719 KiB  
Article
Exergy Analysis of a Convective Heat Pump Dryer Integrated with a Membrane Energy Recovery Ventilator
by Anand Balaraman, Md Ashiqur Rahman, Davide Ziviani and David M. Warsinger
Entropy 2025, 27(2), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27020197 - 13 Feb 2025
Viewed by 787
Abstract
To increase energy efficiency, heat pump dryers and membrane dryers have been proposed to replace conventional fossil fuel dryers. Both conventional and heat pump dryers require substantial energy for condensing and reheating, while “active” membrane systems require vacuum pumps that are insufficiently developed. [...] Read more.
To increase energy efficiency, heat pump dryers and membrane dryers have been proposed to replace conventional fossil fuel dryers. Both conventional and heat pump dryers require substantial energy for condensing and reheating, while “active” membrane systems require vacuum pumps that are insufficiently developed. Lower temperature dehumidification systems make efficient use of membrane energy recovery ventilators (MERVs) that do not need vacuum pumps, but their high heat losses and lack of vapor selectivity have prevented their use in industrial drying. In this work, we propose an insulating membrane energy recovery ventilator for moisture removal from drying exhaust air, thereby reducing sensible heat loss from the dehumidification process and reheating energy. The second law analysis of the proposed system is carried out and compared with a baseline convective heat pump dryer. Irreversibilities in each component under different ambient temperatures (5–35 °C) and relative humidity (5–95%) are identified. At an ambient temperature of 35 °C, the proposed system substantially reduces sensible heat loss (47–60%) in the dehumidification process, resulting in a large reduction in condenser load (45–50%) compared to the baseline system. The evaporator in the proposed system accounts for up to 59% less irreversibility than the baseline system. A maximum of 24.5% reduction in overall exergy input is also observed. The highest exergy efficiency of 10.2% is obtained at an ambient condition of 35 °C and 5% relative humidity, which is more than twice the efficiency of the baseline system under the same operating condition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermodynamic Optimization of Energy Systems)
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