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Economies
Special Issues
Natural Hazards and Economic Development
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Natural Hazards and Economic Development

A special issue of Economies (ISSN 2227-7099).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2017) | Viewed by 37565

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Peter A. G. Van Bergeijk

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Guest Editor
Academic Staff, UnitInternational Institute of Social Studies (ISS), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

While it is undisputed that natural hazards are costly, the impact on, and role/level of development is still not well understood. This Special Issue covers contributions regarding both economic development per se and development policies. The focus is on factors mitigating the negative impact and/or strengthening the positive impact of natural hazards on (total factor) productivity in the global south. Resilience to the shocks of natural hazards is only partly a macroeconomic phenomenon and the field needs further analysis of, in particular, firm-level data and industry case studies.

Prof. Dr. Peter A. G. van Bergeijk
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 1589 KiB  
Article
Farmers Perceptions of Climate Change Related Events in Shendam and Riyom, Nigeria
by Simi Goyol and Chaminda Pathirage
Economies 2018, 6(4), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies6040070 - 19 Dec 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 8684
Abstract
Although agriculture in Nigeria is the major source of income for about 70% of the active population, the impact of agrarian infrastructure on boosting productivity and supporting livelihoods has increased. Climate change and the increasing trend of climate-related events in Nigeria challenge both [...] Read more.
Although agriculture in Nigeria is the major source of income for about 70% of the active population, the impact of agrarian infrastructure on boosting productivity and supporting livelihoods has increased. Climate change and the increasing trend of climate-related events in Nigeria challenge both the stability of agrarian infrastructure and livelihood systems. Based on case studies of two local communities in Plateau state in Nigeria, this paper utilizes a range of perceptions to examine the impacts of climate-related events on agrarian infrastructures and how agrarian livelihood systems are, in turn, affected. Data are obtained from a questionnaire survey (n = 175 farmers) and semi-structured interviews (n = 14 key informants). The study identifies local indicators of climate change, high risks climate events and the components of agrarian infrastructures that are at risk from climate events. Findings reveal that, changes in rainfall and temperature patterns increase the probability of floods and droughts. They also reveal that, although locational differences account for the high impact of floods on road transport systems and droughts on irrigation infrastructures, both have a chain of negative effects on agricultural activities, economic activities and livelihood systems. A binomial logistic regression model is used to predict the perceived impact levels of floods and droughts, while an in-depth analysis is utilized to corroborate the quantitative results. The paper further stresses the need to strengthen the institutional capacity for risk reduction through the provision of resilient infrastructures, as the poor conditions of agrarian infrastructure were identified as dominant factors on the high impact levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Hazards and Economic Development)
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14 pages, 1439 KiB  
Article
Shaking up the Firm Survival: Evidence from Yogyakarta (Indonesia)
by Aloysius Gunadi Brata, Henri L. F. De Groot and Wouter Zant
Economies 2018, 6(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies6020026 - 9 Apr 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6080
Abstract
The survival of firms under changes in the business environment caused by exogenous shocks can be explained using economic Darwinism. Exogenous shocks can cause ‘cleansing effects’. Shocks clean out unproductive firms so that available resources are allocated to the remaining more productive firms. [...] Read more.
The survival of firms under changes in the business environment caused by exogenous shocks can be explained using economic Darwinism. Exogenous shocks can cause ‘cleansing effects’. Shocks clean out unproductive firms so that available resources are allocated to the remaining more productive firms. However, shocks may also force out young firms that have the potential to be highly productive in the future, which will lower the average productivity of industries. This is known as the ‘scarring effect’ of shocks. Therefore, the overall impact of exogenous shocks on the allocation of resources depends on the relative magnitude of cleansing and scarring effects. This paper investigates this natural selection mechanism after the Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006. The study uses data on medium-sized and large manufacturing firms in the Yogyakarta province collected by the Indonesian Statistical Agency. The main finding of this paper is that firms that had higher productivity prior to the earthquake in 2006 were more likely to survive after the earthquake, which suggests the existence of a natural selection mechanism, specifically cleansing effects. There is no evidence of the scarring effects of the earthquake on the new entrants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Hazards and Economic Development)
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12 pages, 1157 KiB  
Article
Changes in Natural Disaster Risk: Macroeconomic Responses in Selected Latin American Countries
by Marlène Isoré
Economies 2018, 6(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies6010013 - 26 Feb 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6106
Abstract
This paper studies the theoretical effects of changes in disaster risk on macroeconomic variables in five Latin American economies. It compares country-specific variants of the New Keynesian model with disaster risk developed by Isoré and Szczerbowicz (2017). Countries with higher price flexibility, such [...] Read more.
This paper studies the theoretical effects of changes in disaster risk on macroeconomic variables in five Latin American economies. It compares country-specific variants of the New Keynesian model with disaster risk developed by Isoré and Szczerbowicz (2017). Countries with higher price flexibility, such as Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico, are found to be relatively less vulnerable to disaster risk shocks, as compared to Chile and Colombia in particular. Overall, the analysis suggests that increases in the probability of natural disasters over time may have significant macroeconomic effects, beyond the direct impact of actual disaster occurrences themselves. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Hazards and Economic Development)
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227 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Variance of the Effects of a Project’s Location on Key Issues and Challenges in Post-Disaster Reconstruction Projects
by Dzulkarnaen Ismail, Taksiah A. Majid and Ruhizal Roosli
Economies 2017, 5(4), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies5040046 - 27 Nov 2017
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 6578
Abstract
After a disaster, the reconstruction phase is driven by immediate challenges. One of the main challenges in the post-disaster period is the way that reconstruction projects are implemented. Reconstruction cannot move forward until some complex issues are settled. The purposes of this research [...] Read more.
After a disaster, the reconstruction phase is driven by immediate challenges. One of the main challenges in the post-disaster period is the way that reconstruction projects are implemented. Reconstruction cannot move forward until some complex issues are settled. The purposes of this research are to highlight the issues and challenges in post-disaster reconstruction (PDR) projects and to determine the significant differences between the issues and challenges in different locations where PDR projects are carried out. The researchers collected data within international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) on their experience of working with PDR projects. The findings of this research provide the foundation on which to build strategies for avoiding project failures; this may be useful for PDR project practitioners in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Hazards and Economic Development)
1586 KiB  
Article
Urban Climate Vulnerability in Cambodia: A Case Study in Koh Kong Province
by Kimleng Sa
Economies 2017, 5(4), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies5040041 - 7 Nov 2017
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 9487
Abstract
This study investigates an urban climate vulnerability in Cambodia by constructing an index to compare three different communes, Smach Meanchey, Daun Tong, and Steong Veng, located in the Khemarak Phoumin district, Koh Kong province. It is found that Daun Tong commune is the [...] Read more.
This study investigates an urban climate vulnerability in Cambodia by constructing an index to compare three different communes, Smach Meanchey, Daun Tong, and Steong Veng, located in the Khemarak Phoumin district, Koh Kong province. It is found that Daun Tong commune is the most vulnerable location among the three communes, followed by Steong Veng. Besides, vulnerability as Expected Poverty (VEP) is used to measure the vulnerability to poverty, that is, the probability of a household income to fall below the poverty line, as it captures the impact of shocks can be conducted in the cross-sectional study. It applies two poverty thresholds: the national poverty line after taking into account the inflation rate and the international poverty line defined by the World Bank, to look into its sensitivity. By using the national poverty line, the study reveals that more than one-fourth of households are vulnerable to poverty, while the international poverty threshold shows that approximately one-third of households are in peril. With low levels of income inequality, households are not highly sensitive to poverty; however, both poverty thresholds point out that the current urban poor households are more vulnerable than non-poor families. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Hazards and Economic Development)
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