Recent Advances in Additive Manufacturing of Metallic Materials: Characterization, Properties, and Modeling

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2025) | Viewed by 1627

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; titanium alloys

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is a revolutionary intelligent manufacturing technique that shortens preparation processes, accelerates product iteration cycles, reduces material waste, lowers production costs, and achieves near-net shaping of components with high complexity. Thanks to its unique forming method, which involves rapid cyclic cooling/heating, the resulting alloys usually have heterogeneous structures across scales, contributing to their excellent mechanical properties. However, metal additive manufacturing faces challenges such as thermal cracking tendencies during the solidification process, making it difficult to shape most of the 5500 alloys. Improving AM processes and developing alloys suitable for AM processes is a challenge.

The non-equilibrium solidification process in additive manufacturing introduces new structures, such as abundant dislocations, twinning, and metastable phases, profoundly affecting material deformation mechanisms and ensuring outstanding mechanical properties. Understanding the relationships between process variables, material characteristics, and mechanical performance is crucial for developing high-performance materials. Research in this field explores feasible approaches for shaping advanced new materials through additive manufacturing.

This Special Issue aims to gather original research and high-quality comprehensive reviews in this field, authored by renowned researchers who have made significant contributions to the field of metal additive manufacturing. This focus includes the design of new alloy compositions and widening general knowledge of microstructural evolution and its impact on mechanical properties. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following topics:

  • Design of novel alloy compositions for additive manufacturing;
  • Modeling and simulation of additive manufacturing;
  • Design and fabrication of porous metal structures;
  • Gradient heterogeneous materials in additive manufacturing;
  • Microstructural evolution of additive manufacturing materials;
  • Deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties of additively manufactured parts.

Dr. Yaojia Ren
Prof. Dr. Umberto Prisco
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metal additive manufacturing
  • modeling
  • microstructure characterization
  • mechanical properties

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 5191 KiB  
Article
Impact of Density Variations and Growth Direction in 3D-Printed Titanium Alloys on Surface Topography and Bonding Performance with Dental Resins
by Omar Alageel, Najm Alfrisany, Abdullah Aldosari, Saud Qashish, Majed M. Alsarani and Abdullah Yahia AlFaify
Crystals 2024, 14(8), 712; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14080712 - 8 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1116
Abstract
Titanium-based dental prostheses are essential for prosthodontics and can now be 3D printed using powder bed fusion (PBF) technology with different densities by controlling the process parameters. This study aimed to assess the surface topography and bonding strength of dental resins made of [...] Read more.
Titanium-based dental prostheses are essential for prosthodontics and can now be 3D printed using powder bed fusion (PBF) technology with different densities by controlling the process parameters. This study aimed to assess the surface topography and bonding strength of dental resins made of 3D-printed titanium alloys with varying densities and growth directions. Three groups of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) specimens differentiated by density (low, medium, and high) were produced using laser-melting 3D printing technology (N = 8). Each group included specimen surfaces with vertical and horizontal growths. Vickers microhardness, surface profilometry, wettability, and shear bond strength (SBS) of the titanium samples were measured for all groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed. Statistical analyses were conducted using a two-way ANOVA and Fisher’s multiple test. Higher-density specimens exhibited greater microhardness (p < 0.05), and those with horizontal growth directions were harder (p < 0.05) than their vertical counterparts within the same density category. Additionally, low-density specimens in both growth directions had the highest surface roughness values (p < 0.05) compared to the other groups. The wettability values were similar (p > 0.05) among the groups in the vertical direction, but not in the horizontal direction (p < 0.05). However, the density type did not significantly (p > 0.05) influence the bonding strength of 3D-printed titanium. This study revealed significant variations in surface roughness, contact angle, and microhardness based on density and growth direction. Full article
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