Advanced Alloys for Aggressive Environments: Challenges and Breakthroughs

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 November 2025 | Viewed by 656

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, E.T.S. de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Camino de Los Descubrimientos s/n., 41092 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: powder-metallurgy; freeze casting; porous materials; nanostructures; hydrogen production; colloidal stabilization; thin film; magnetron sputtering; optofluidic sensors; metal additive manufacturing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, E.T.S. de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Camino de Los Descubrimientos s/n., 41092 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: electrical resistance sintering; milling; mechanical alloying; powder metallurgy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, E.T.S. de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Camino de Los Descubrimientos s/n., 41092 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: cermets; cemented carbides; powder metallurgy; ceramics; combustion reactions; high entropy alloys
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Crystals aims to address the challenges and breakthroughs in the development of advanced alloys designed for aggressive environments, with a specific focus on corrosion resistance. As industries continue to push the boundaries of performance and durability, materials exposed to harsh conditions—such as high temperatures, extreme pressures, or aggressive chemical environments—are increasingly in demand. The selection and design of alloys that can withstand such conditions is critical for sectors such as energy production, aerospace, marine, automotive, and chemical processing.

We invite contributions focused on the synthesis, characterization, and performance of corrosion-resistant alloys in extreme environments. Topics of interest include novel alloy compositions, advanced manufacturing techniques, surface treatments, and corrosion resistance mechanisms. Studies investigating the relationship between alloy composition, microstructure, and corrosion behaviour, as well as the potential of emerging materials to address future challenges, are especially encouraged.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in designing and employing high-performance alloys for demanding environments. By highlighting recent innovations and ongoing research, we hope to foster innovation in this critical area. We encourage contributions from researchers in materials science, engineering, and industry to share their findings and insights, advancing the development of alloys for aggressive environments.

Dr. Pedro Javier Lloreda-Jurado
Prof. Dr. Raquel Lopez
Prof. Dr. Ernesto Chicardi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metals
  • alloys
  • high-entropy alloys
  • metallic coating
  • additively manufactured alloys
  • microstructure
  • wear resistance
  • chemical stability
  • thermal stability
  • environmental durability
  • corrosion resistance
  • corrosion fatigue
  • high-temperature oxidation
  • mechanical properties
  • hardness testing
  • practical applications

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 10574 KB  
Article
Evaluation of Corrosion Behavior of Zn–Al–Mg-Coated Steel in Corrosive Heterogeneous Soil
by Pedro Javier Lloreda-Jurado and Ernesto Chicardi
Crystals 2025, 15(8), 738; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15080738 - 20 Aug 2025
Viewed by 481
Abstract
The long-term durability of steel structures in contact with soil remains a critical challenge due to the complex and aggressive nature of many soil environments. This study presents a thorough evaluation of the corrosion resistance and microstructural evolution of Magnelis® ZM430-coated steel [...] Read more.
The long-term durability of steel structures in contact with soil remains a critical challenge due to the complex and aggressive nature of many soil environments. This study presents a thorough evaluation of the corrosion resistance and microstructural evolution of Magnelis® ZM430-coated steel exposed to highly aggressive, heterogeneous soils. Gravimetric analysis revealed that the Magnelis® ZM430 coating exhibits low corrosion rates and enhanced initial barrier properties, even under severe soil conditions. Although the literature frequently reports that Zn–Al–Mg coatings outperform conventional hot-dip galvanized coatings, our results highlight that this superiority is not universal and may be limited under highly aggressive, heterogeneous soils. Microstructural characterization by optical microscopy, SEM/EDS, and XRD demonstrated that the as-received coating consists of a homogeneous layer with well-distributed Zn-, MgZn2-, and Al-rich phases. Upon soil exposure, corrosion preferentially initiates in the Mg- and Al-rich interdendritic and eutectic regions, leading to selective phase depletion and localized breakdown of the protective layer. Despite these localized vulnerabilities, the overall performance of Magnelis® ZM430 remains superior, especially during the early stages of exposure. While no direct comparisons were performed in this work, our findings align with previous literature reporting superior performance of Zn–Al–Mg coatings compared to conventional hot-dip galvanized coatings in similar environments. Importantly, the integration of precise corrosion rate data with detailed soil characterization enables accurate prediction of coating service life, allowing for optimized coating thickness selection and proactive maintenance planning. These findings underscore the value of combining advanced Zn–Al–Mg coatings with site-specific environmental assessment to ensure the long-term integrity of buried steel infrastructure. Full article
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