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Biomedicines
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Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease
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Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 17775

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Estefania Nuñez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Interests: proteomics; metabolomics; mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography; posttranslational modifications; cardiovascular disease; atherosclerosis; clinical biomarkers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mass spectrometry (MS) is the most commonly used biomolecular detection technique in proteomics, with high-throughput characterization of thousands of analytes in a biological sample, and it is the optimal technology for investigating changes in the human proteome, yielding specific and quantitative information on all proteins in an unbiased way. Blood is the primary link between all parts of the body, and plasma proteins have the potential to indicate the health/pathological status of any key organ. Disease processes may also be mediated by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), protein–protein interactions, and protein degradation. Proteomic approaches have been applied in cardiovascular medicine in the discovery of circulating protein biomarkers of heart disease, in the identification of mechanisms implicated in the disease, and in the search of potential therapeutic targets in tissues.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an update on the application of proteomics techniques to study possible mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular disease, including original research or review articles.

Dr. Estefania Nuñez
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • proteomics
  • mass spectrometry
  • cardiovascular disease
  • protein biomarkers
  • post-translational modifications
  • translational proteomics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 760 KiB  
Article
Early Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke Incidence in Primary Care: Translating Measurements into Actions—A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Josep-Lluis Clua-Espuny, Pedro Molto-Balado, Jorgina Lucas-Noll, Anna Panisello-Tafalla, Eulalia Muria-Subirats, Josep Clua-Queralt, Lluïsa Queralt-Tomas, Silvia Reverté-Villarroya and Investigators EBRICTUS Research
Biomedicines 2023, 11(4), 1116; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041116 - 7 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2359
Abstract
(1) Background: AF-related strokes will triple by 2060, are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline, and alone or in combination, will be one of the main health and economic burdens on the European population. The main goal of this paper is [...] Read more.
(1) Background: AF-related strokes will triple by 2060, are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline, and alone or in combination, will be one of the main health and economic burdens on the European population. The main goal of this paper is to describe the incidence of new AF associated with stroke, cognitive decline and mortality among people at high risk for AF. (2) Methods: Multicenter, observational, retrospective, community-based studies were conducted from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2021. The setting was primary care centers. A total of 40,297 people aged ≥65 years without previous AF or stroke were stratified by AFrisk at 5 years. The main measurements were the overall incidence density/1000 person-years (CI95%) of AF and stroke, prevalence of cognitive decline, and Kaplan–Meier curve. (3) Results: In total, 46.4% women, 77.65 ± 8.46 years old on average showed anAF incidence of 9.9/103/year (CI95% 9.5–10.3), associated with a four-fold higher risk of stroke (CI95% 3.4–4.7), cognitive impairment(OR 1.34 (CI95% 1.1–1.5)), and all-cause mortality (OR 1.14 (CI95% 1.0–1.2)), but there was no significant difference in ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, or peripheral arteriopathy. Unknown AF was diagnosed in 9.4% and of these patients, 21.1% were diagnosed with new stroke. (4) Conclusions: The patients at high AF risk (Q4th) already had an increased cardiovascular risk before they were diagnosed with AF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease)
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11 pages, 1132 KiB  
Communication
Unveiling Human Proteome Signatures of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
by Maria J. Sebastião, Henrique V. Almeida, Margarida Serra, Nazha Hamdani, Francisca Saraiva, André P. Lourenço, António S. Barros, Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa, Adelino Leite-Moreira, Paula M. Alves, Inês Falcão-Pires and Patrícia Gomes-Alves
Biomedicines 2022, 10(11), 2943; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10112943 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2402
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly prevalent but still poorly understood clinical entity. Its current pathophysiological understanding supports a critical role of comorbidities and their chronic effect on cardiac function and structure. Importantly, despite the replication of some HFpEF [...] Read more.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly prevalent but still poorly understood clinical entity. Its current pathophysiological understanding supports a critical role of comorbidities and their chronic effect on cardiac function and structure. Importantly, despite the replication of some HFpEF phenotypic features, to this day, experimental models have failed to bring new effective therapies to the clinical setting. Thus, the direct investigation of HFpEF human myocardial samples may unveil key, and possibly human-specific, pathophysiological mechanisms. This study employed quantitative proteomic analysis by advanced mass spectrometry (SWATH–MS) to investigate signaling pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms in HFpEF. Protein-expression profiles were analyzed in human left ventricular myocardial samples of HFpEF patients and compared with a mixed control group. Functional analysis revealed several proteins that correlate with HFpEF, including those associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Despite the known disease heterogeneity, proteomic profiles could indicate a reduced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and fatty-acid oxidation capacity in HFpEF patients with diabetes. The proteomic characterization described in this work provides new insights. Furthermore, it fosters further questions related to HFpEF cellular pathophysiology, paving the way for additional studies focused on developing novel therapies and diagnosis strategies for HFpEF patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease)
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11 pages, 2263 KiB  
Article
Acute, Chronic, and Treated Aortic Diseases Present Distinguishable Serum Proteome Fingerprints with Protein Profiles That Correlate with Disease Severity
by Jasmin H. Shahinian, Cosima B. Hauser-Stadler, Tim Walter, Philipp Discher, Ines Derya Steenbuck, Oliver Schilling and Martin Czerny
Biomedicines 2022, 10(9), 2103; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10092103 - 28 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1734
Abstract
Aortic diseases are a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. We present a serum proteomic study for a spectrum of aortic diseases including thoracic aortic aneurysms (n = 11), chronic dissections (n = 9), acute aortic dissections (n = 11), and [...] Read more.
Aortic diseases are a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. We present a serum proteomic study for a spectrum of aortic diseases including thoracic aortic aneurysms (n = 11), chronic dissections (n = 9), acute aortic dissections (n = 11), and surgically treated dissections (n = 19) as well as healthy controls (n = 10) and patients of coronary heart disease (n = 10) to represent non-aortic cardiovascular disease. In total, we identified and quantified 425 proteins across all 70 samples. The different aortic diseases represented distinguishable proteome profiles. We identified protein clusters that positively or negatively correlate with disease severity, including increase of cytosolic tissue leakage proteins and decrease of components of the coagulation and complement system. Further, we identified a serum proteome fingerprint of acute aortic dissections, consisting, among others, of enriched inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and members of the S100 protein family. The study underlines the applicability of serum proteomics for the investigation of aortic diseases and highlights the possibility to establish disease-specific prognostic markers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease)
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13 pages, 2221 KiB  
Article
Novel Biomarkers Detected by Proteomics Predict Death and Cardiovascular Events in Hemodialysis Patients
by Ping-Hsun Wu, Rie Io Glerup, My Hanna Sofia Svensson, Niclas Eriksson, Jeppe Hagstrup Christensen, Philip de Laval, Inga Soveri, Magnus Westerlund, Torbjörn Linde, Östen Ljunggren and Bengt Fellström
Biomedicines 2022, 10(4), 740; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10040740 - 22 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2537
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease increases mortality and the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. It is crucial to explore novel biomarkers to predict CV disease in the complex setting of patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). This study investigated the association between 92 targeted proteins with all-cause [...] Read more.
End-stage kidney disease increases mortality and the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. It is crucial to explore novel biomarkers to predict CV disease in the complex setting of patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). This study investigated the association between 92 targeted proteins with all-cause death, CV death, and composite vascular events (CVEs) in HD patients. From December 2010 to March 2011, 331 HD patients were included and followed prospectively for 5 years. Serum was analyzed for 92 CV-related proteins using Proseek Multiplex Cardiovascular I panel, a high-sensitivity assay based on proximity extension assay (PEA) technology. The association between biomarkers and all-cause death, CV death, and CVEs was evaluated using Cox-regression analyses. Of the PEA-based proteins, we identified 20 proteins associated with risk of all-cause death, 7 proteins associated with risk of CV death, and 17 proteins associated with risk of CVEs, independent of established risk factors. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1), and C-C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20) were associated with increased risk of all-cause death, CV death, and CVE in multivariable-adjusted models. Stem cell factor (SCF) and Galanin peptides (GAL) were associated with both decreased risk of all-cause death and CV death. In conclusion, IL-8, TIM-1, and CCL20 predicted death and CV outcomes in HD patients. Novel findings were that SCF and GAL were associated with a lower risk of all-cause death and CV death. The SCF warrants further study with regard to its possible biological effect in HD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease)
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Review

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20 pages, 1175 KiB  
Review
Recent Developments in Clinical Plasma Proteomics—Applied to Cardiovascular Research
by Nicolai Bjødstrup Palstrøm, Rune Matthiesen, Lars Melholt Rasmussen and Hans Christian Beck
Biomedicines 2022, 10(1), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010162 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 7808
Abstract
The human plasma proteome mirrors the physiological state of the cardiovascular system, a fact that has been used to analyze plasma biomarkers in routine analysis for the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases for decades. These biomarkers address, however, only a very limited [...] Read more.
The human plasma proteome mirrors the physiological state of the cardiovascular system, a fact that has been used to analyze plasma biomarkers in routine analysis for the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases for decades. These biomarkers address, however, only a very limited subset of cardiovascular diseases, such as acute myocardial infarct or acute deep vein thrombosis, and clinical plasma biomarkers for the diagnosis and stratification cardiovascular diseases that are growing in incidence, such as heart failure and abdominal aortic aneurysm, do not exist and are urgently needed. The discovery of novel biomarkers in plasma has been hindered by the complexity of the human plasma proteome that again transforms into an extreme analytical complexity when it comes to the discovery of novel plasma biomarkers. This complexity is, however, addressed by recent achievements in technologies for analyzing the human plasma proteome, thereby facilitating the possibility for novel biomarker discoveries. The aims of this article is to provide an overview of the recent achievements in technologies for proteomic analysis of the human plasma proteome and their applications in cardiovascular medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics in Cardiovascular Disease)
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