New Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease: Biology, Diagnosis and Therapy (3rd Edition)

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 568

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
2. Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
3. TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
Interests: biomarkers; chronic kidney disease; inflammation; cardiovascular disease risk factors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by the progressive and usually irreversible deterioration of renal function. The worsening of CKD is associated with a high comorbidity burden, and among patients receiving dialysis treatment for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), the mortality rate is 10- to 20-fold higher than that in the general population. ESKD patients commonly present with chronic inflammation, protein–energy malnutrition, and progressive cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the most common cause of mortality. Inflammation can be a trigger and/or a consequence of CKD; it may result from the primary cause of CKD, such as diabetes or hypertension, and may be exacerbated by renal dysfunction-related changes (e.g., uremia, oxidative stress, metabolic acidosis).

Ensuring a better understanding of the uremic milieu of CKD pathophysiology and its relationship with its comorbidities is the main focus of this Special Issue. The identification of biomarkers, or panels of biomarkers, of cardiorenal syndrome and early kidney injury will help clinicians when making therapeutic decisions, enabling them to choose more adequate therapeutic strategies earlier on in order to prevent or minimize CKD progression. The investigation of novel therapeutic approaches should also be encouraged.

Dr. Susana Coimbra
Dr. Alice Santos-Silva
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • inflammation
  • kidney biomarkers
  • kidney injury
  • chronic kidney disease
  • dialysis
  • cardiorenal syndrome risk
  • CKD anemia
  • kidney physiopathology
  • CKD treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1133 KB  
Article
The Interplay of Cardiovascular Comorbidities and Anticoagulation Therapy in ESRD Patients on Haemodialysis—The South-Eastern Romanian Experience
by Ioana Livia Suliman, Florin Gabriel Panculescu, Bogdan Cimpineanu, Stere Popescu, Dragos Fasie, Georgeta Camelia Cozaru, Nelisa Gafar, Liliana-Ana Tuta and Andreea Alexandru
Biomedicines 2025, 13(10), 2387; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102387 - 29 Sep 2025
Viewed by 311
Abstract
Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on haemodialysis present a high burden of cardiovascular comorbidities and require anticoagulation, which increases bleeding risk. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study (2021–2024) in the Haemodialysis Centre of The Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta [...] Read more.
Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on haemodialysis present a high burden of cardiovascular comorbidities and require anticoagulation, which increases bleeding risk. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study (2021–2024) in the Haemodialysis Centre of The Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta County, Romania, including 50 adults with stage G5 CKD on haemodialysis for ≥3 months and receiving anticoagulant therapy. We collected from electronic medical records detailed demographic data (age, sex, place of residence), comorbidities (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, deep-vein thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, cirrhosis), lifestyle factors (smoking and alcohol consumption), vascular access type (arteriovenous fistula or central venous catheter) and laboratory parameters (haemoglobin, haematocrit, creatinine, albumin, total protein, electrolytes, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, INR, APTT, D-dimer, BNP, CK-MB, troponin). All laboratory units were standardised and checked for plausibility. Results: Median age was 71 years; 48% were female. The most common comorbidities were: hypertension (100%), atrial fibrillation (100%) and ischaemic heart disease (62–81%). Patients exhibited severe anaemia (mean Hb ~9.7 g/dL), nephrotic-range proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, and impaired coagulation profiles (INR ~1.8–1.9; prolonged APTT in men). Female patients had higher platelet counts and D-dimer levels, suggesting a stronger prothrombotic profile, while males showed longer APTT. Cardiovascular strain was reflected by elevated BNP in men and also troponin/CK-MB. Correlations included smoking with leukocytosis, alcohol with increased urine density, diabetes with higher urea and lower protein, and subtherapeutic INR in cerebrovascular disease. Conclusions: Patients with ESRD on haemodialysis and anticoagulant therapy display a complex interplay of cardiovascular comorbidities, anemia, overlapping thrombotic and bleeding risks, with sex-specific differences. Therefore, systematic monitoring of proteinuria, haemoglobin, D-dimer, and coagulation markers is crucial to balance thrombotic and bleeding risks. Objective: To characterise the clinical and paraclinical profile and comorbidity–laboratory correlations of ESRD patients undergoing haemodialysis and anticoagulant therapy. Full article
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