New Challenges in the Study of Liver Diseases: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Approaches—4th Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 160

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General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Interests: liver diseases; genetics; metabolism; molecular biology; NAFLD; NASH; insulin resistance; genetics; biomarkers
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The liver plays an essential role in all metabolic processes, acting as a hub that integrates hormone and nutrient stimuli, as well as catabolic responses. It has a peculiar structure and anatomical localization that possess the ability to network with the entire digestive system. Alterations in hepatic homeostasis are particularly harmful; hence, the increasing number of patients affected represents a global concern.

The term liver diseases embraces an umbrella of hepatic disorders, including viral and toxic hepatitis, inherited and acquired cholestatic injuries, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These disorders are usually complex in their molecular pathogenesis, and multiple risk factors may intervene in these processes. Among them, genetics and epigenetic factors have a primary impact on their development. Likewise, liver disorders are usually related to extrahepatic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular and intestinal complications. Since the gold standard for their diagnosis is still invasive and no therapeutic consensus exists for their management, this Special Issue aims to focus on new horizons in the discovery of noninvasive biomarkers and novel perspectives in the definition of the precise molecular mechanisms that precipitate liver damage towards end-stage conditions.

Dr. Marica Meroni
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • liver diseases and related pathologies
  • non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs)
  • obesity
  • type 2 diabetes
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • gut–liver axis
  • viral hepatitis
  • alcoholic liver diseases (ALDs)
  • cholestatic disorders
  • personalized medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 4954 KiB  
Article
The Niemann–Pick C1 Protein of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is Associated with Survival Time in Males and Tumor Size in Females
by Florian Weber, Katja Evert, Alexander Scheiter, Sophie von Sachsen-Coburg, Kirsten Utpatel and Christa Buechler
Biomedicines 2025, 13(7), 1707; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13071707 - 13 Jul 2025
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The Niemann–Pick C1 (NPC1) protein regulates cellular cholesterol homeostasis, which is disrupted in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sex differences in cholesterol metabolism may also be related to NPC1 expression in HCC. A sex-specific analysis was, therefore, performed to investigate this further. Methods: The [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The Niemann–Pick C1 (NPC1) protein regulates cellular cholesterol homeostasis, which is disrupted in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sex differences in cholesterol metabolism may also be related to NPC1 expression in HCC. A sex-specific analysis was, therefore, performed to investigate this further. Methods: The expression of NPC1 protein in hepatocytes was assessed using immunohistochemistry in HCC tissues from 264 male and 59 female patients, as well as in non-tumor tissues from 41 males and 7 females. Results: The disease etiology was documented for 40% of these patients, and NPC1 protein levels in the tumors of patients with alcoholic, metabolic, and viral liver disease were comparable. The severity of underlying liver fibrosis was similar in both females and males. No difference in hepatocyte NPC1 protein expression was observed between males and females in non-tumor and tumor tissues. However, NPC1 expression was strongly increased in tumor tissues in both sexes. NPC1 protein levels were positively associated with T stage and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage in both sexes. NPC1 protein levels were negatively correlated with overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and metastasis-free survival time in males only. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed a significant association of NPC1 protein levels with metastasis-free survival in males. Positive correlations of NPC1 protein with tumor size and negative associations with tumor inflammation were observed only in women. Conclusions: This study showed that hepatocyte NPC1 protein levels are highly elevated in HCC tissue in both sexes but are more closely associated with survival in male patients than in female patients. Full article
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