Pathogenesis and Novel Diagnostic Techniques in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis—Second Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 525

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Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
Interests: connective tissue diseases; pathology of the extracellular matrix; growth factors; juvenile idiopathic arthritis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The term 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis' (JIA) is used to define a heterogeneous collection of autoimmune or autoinflammatory forms of chronic arthritis with an onset in childhood and origins that are not yet entirely understood.

There are no pathognomonic symptoms or examination findings for JIA, and its diagnosis is made by exclusion and differentiation. JIA that is diagnosed too late or poorly treated may contribute to the disability of an afflicted child due to disturbances in the structure and function of their osteoarticular system. The prompt detection of structural disorders of the articular cartilage would allow clinicians to initiate appropriate therapies, which is essential for the course of the arthropathy in question. If the appropriate treatment is administered too late, due to a lack of specific diagnostic biomarkers, pathological changes in the patient’s motor system may continue, or systemic disorders may develop, especially in those with high disease activity who require aggressive therapy.

It is therefore crucial that we continue to research the pathogenesis of JIA, seeking new biomarkers of the disease and effective therapeutic methods. We invite researchers to submit original work or review articles covering significant developments in the pathogenesis of children’s arthritis, as well as novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

Prof. Dr. Katarzyna Winsz-Szczotka
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • juvenile idiopathic arthritis
  • pathogenesis, cartilage and bone anabolism and catabolism
  • diagnostics
  • treatment
  • prevention

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 796 KB  
Article
Assessment of Aerobic Capacity and Other Cardiopulmonary Parameters in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
by Aleksandra Stasiak, Piotr Kędziora, Aleksandra Ryk, Jerzy Stańczyk and Elżbieta Smolewska
Biomedicines 2025, 13(11), 2672; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13112672 - 30 Oct 2025
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Abstract
Introduction: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in children. It is believed that children with JIA have lower cardiopulmonary capacity and worse exercise tolerance. The gold standard for assessing physical fitness is aerobic fitness, commonly referred to as [...] Read more.
Introduction: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in children. It is believed that children with JIA have lower cardiopulmonary capacity and worse exercise tolerance. The gold standard for assessing physical fitness is aerobic fitness, commonly referred to as the maximum or peak oxygen uptake volume (peakVO2) measured during a maximum load exercise test. Reduced aerobic fitness may play a key role in predicting the health of JIA patients as it has been associated with cardiovascular diseases and increased adult mortality. Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the oxygen capacity of adolescents with JIA along with other cardiopulmonary parameters in order to determine a group of patients with increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in comparison with healthy individuals. Patients were assessed based on parameters such as age, sex, type of JIA, laboratory parameters, physical activity, and treatment. Results: Patients with JIA had lower median values of peakVO2 (29.05 vs. 38.02 mL/min/kg, p < 0.001), as well as other crucial cardiopulmonary parameters, such as O2 pulse, minute ventilation, oxygen uptake efficiency slope, and cardiac output than in the healthy control group. The ventilatory anaerobic threshold was achieved earlier and at lower VO2 values in children with JIA (p = 0.0001). Children with JIA also had lowered respiratory parameters such as maximal voluntary ventilation (p = 0.0031) and tidal volume (p = 0.0002). Patients who were physically active (moderate-intensity physical activity lasting at least 60 min per day) had significantly higher peakVO2 (p = 0.0099) and ΔVO2/ΔWR relationship (p = 0.0041) values than JIA patients who were not physically active. Conclusions: Children with JIA show moderate to severe physical impairment. Reduced physical fitness and a low level of activity might be associated with further deterioration of patient’s condition, which might contribute to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, social exclusion and deterioration of quality of life in this group of patients. Exercise programs that improve aerobic fitness and increase muscle strength should be individualized and modified based on the individual needs and capabilities of the patient. Full article
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