Advances in Immunology for Ocular Surface Diseases and Vitreoretinal Pathologies

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 2910

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
Interests: ocular therapeutics; corneal neuropathy; dry eye disease; meibomian gland dysfunction; anterior segment morphology; corneal immunology; ocular surface neurobiology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent studies have advanced ocular immunology, particularly in the context of diabetes, ocular allergies, uveitis, retinal disease, and dry eye disease. Despite these developments, there are still many unanswered questions in this growing field, highlighting the need for further research. This upcoming Issue will focus on the mechanisms and treatment of corneal neuroimmune abnormalities, specifically in metabolic diseases such as type 1 diabetes, diabetic chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and prediabetes.

This Issue will examine how both diabetic and non-diabetic medications affect corneal neuroimmune features in conditions of impaired glycemia. Key areas of emphasis will include ocular allergies, dry eye disease, uveitis, and ischaemic retinopathy.

Additionally, the Issue will welcome original research papers and reviews concerning ocular surface inflammation and retinal inflammation in diabetes, age-related macular degeneration, and related complications

Dr. Kofi Asiedu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • corneal neuropathy
  • diabetic keratopathy
  • neuroimmune features
  • neurotrophic keratitis
  • dry eye disease in diabetes
  • corneal neuroinflammation
  • ocular surface disease
  • diabetic retinopathy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 1022 KiB  
Review
Immune-Mediated Ocular Surface Disease in Diabetes Mellitus—Clinical Perspectives and Treatment: A Narrative Review
by Laura Andreea Ghenciu, Ovidiu Alin Hațegan, Sorin Lucian Bolintineanu, Alexandra-Ioana Dănilă, Alexandra Corina Faur, Cătălin Prodan-Bărbulescu, Emil Robert Stoicescu, Roxana Iacob and Alina Maria Șișu
Biomedicines 2024, 12(6), 1303; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061303 - 12 Jun 2024
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2084
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, action, or both, with a global prevalence that has tripled in recent decades. This condition poses significant public health challenges, affecting individuals, healthcare systems, and economies [...] Read more.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, action, or both, with a global prevalence that has tripled in recent decades. This condition poses significant public health challenges, affecting individuals, healthcare systems, and economies worldwide. Among its numerous complications, ocular surface disease (OSD) is a significant concern, yet understanding its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management remains challenging. This review aims to explore the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of diabetes-related OSD. The ocular surface, including the cornea, conjunctiva, and associated structures, is vital for maintaining eye health, with the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) playing a crucial role in tear film regulation. In DM, changes in glycosaminoglycan metabolism, collagen synthesis, oxygen consumption, and LFU dysfunction contribute to ocular complications. Persistent hyperglycemia leads to the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules, resulting in neuropathy, tear film abnormalities, and epithelial lesions. Recent advances in molecular research and therapeutic modalities, such as gene and stem cell therapies, show promise for managing diabetic ocular complications. Future research should focus on pathogenetically oriented therapies for diabetic neuropathy and keratopathy, transitioning from animal models to clinical trials to improve patient outcomes. Full article
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