Computer Vision and Machine Learning in Medical Applications, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosignal Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 4476

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Interests: network; routing; computer networking; network architecture; network communication; QoS; networking; cloud computing; TCP; wireless computing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, the use of computer vision and machine learning has spread to almost all fields. In medical applications, an immense amount of data are being generated by distributed sensors, cameras, and multi-modal digital health platforms that support audio, video, image, and text. The availability of data from medical devices and digital record systems has greatly increased the potential for automated diagnosis. The past several years have witnessed an explosion of interest in and a rapid development of computer-aided medical investigations using MRI, CT, and X-ray images and medical data. Having reached a deeper understanding of these methods, researchers are proposing elegant ways to better integrate computer vision with machine learning in complex problems and advancing the learning algorithms themselves.

This Special Issue focuses on computer vision and machine learning techniques for medical applications, including but not limited to the following:

  • Intelligent medical and health systems;
  • Novel theories and methods of using deep learning for medical imaging;
  • Drug discovery with deep learning;
  • Pandemic (such as COVID-19) management with machine learning;
  • Health and medical behavior analytics with deep learning;
  • Un/semi/weakly/fully supervised medical data (text/images);
  • Generating diagnostic reports from medical images;
  • Using machine learning for medical imbalanced datasets;
  • The summarization of clinical information;
  • Multimodal medical image analysis;
  • Data mining for medical information;
  • Organ and lesion segmentation/detection;
  • Using machine learning for image classification with MRI/CT/PET;
  • Medical image enhancement/denoising;
  • Learning robust medical image representation with noisy annotation;
  • Predicting clinical outcomes using medical data;
  • Anomaly detection in medical images or data;
  • Active learning and life-long learning in medical computer vision;
  • User/patient psychometric modeling from video, image, audio, and text.

Dr. Chunhung Richard Lin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • computer vision
  • machine learning
  • medical applications

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

24 pages, 2130 KB  
Article
Mendelian Randomization and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Important Roles for CEBPB and CX3CR1 in Osteoarthritis
by Hui Gao, Xinling Gan, Jing He and Chengqi He
Bioengineering 2025, 12(9), 930; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12090930 - 29 Aug 2025
Viewed by 457
Abstract
Background: Chemokines play a pivotal role in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), but their exact mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify potential chemokine-associated biomarkers and investigate their causal relationships with OA. Methods: Transcriptome and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data [...] Read more.
Background: Chemokines play a pivotal role in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), but their exact mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify potential chemokine-associated biomarkers and investigate their causal relationships with OA. Methods: Transcriptome and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from public databases, while chemokine-related genes (CRGs) were sourced from the literature. Initially, CRGs were expanded, followed by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, differential expression analysis, machine learning, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve plotting to identify potential biomarkers. The causal relationships between these biomarkers and OA, as well as their biological functions, were further explored. Results: Fourteen candidate genes were identified for machine learning analysis, with DDIT3, CEBPB, CX3CR1, and ARHGAP25 emerging as feature genes. CEBPB and CX3CR1, which exhibited AUCs > 0.7 in the GSE55235 and GSE55457 datasets, were selected as potential biomarkers. Notably, CEBPB expression was lower, while CX3CR1 expression was elevated in the case group. Furthermore, both genes were co-enriched in spliceosome, lysosome, and cell adhesion molecule pathways. MR analysis confirmed that CEBPB and CX3CR1 were causally linked to OA and acted as protective factors (IVW model for CEBPB: OR = 0.9051, p = 0.0001; IVW model for CX3CR1: OR = 0.8141, p = 0.0282). Conclusions: CEBPB and CX3CR1 were identified as potential chemokine-related biomarkers, offering insights into OA and suggesting new avenues for further investigation. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

19 pages, 1087 KB  
Article
Exploring Sarcopenic Obesity in the Cancer Setting: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on Prognosis and Predictors Using Machine Learning
by Yinuo Jiang, Wenjie Jiang, Qun Wang, Ting Wei and Lawrence Wing Chi Chan
Bioengineering 2025, 12(9), 921; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12090921 - 27 Aug 2025
Viewed by 625
Abstract
Objective: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a combination of depleted skeletal muscle mass and obesity, with a high prevalence, undetected onset, challenging diagnosis, and poor prognosis. However, studies on SO in cancer settings are limited. We aimed to explore the association between SO [...] Read more.
Objective: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a combination of depleted skeletal muscle mass and obesity, with a high prevalence, undetected onset, challenging diagnosis, and poor prognosis. However, studies on SO in cancer settings are limited. We aimed to explore the association between SO and mortality and to investigate potential predictors involved in the development of SO, with a further objective of constructing a model to detect its occurrence in cancer patients. Methods: The data of 1432 cancer patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the years 1999 to 2006 and 2011 to 2016 were included. For survival analysis, univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the associations of SO with overall survival, adjusting for potential confounders. For machine learning, six algorithms, including logistic regression, stepwise logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were utilized to build models to predict the presence of SO. The predictive performances of each model were evaluated. Results: From six machine learning algorithms, cancer patients with SO were significantly associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.368, 95%CI 1.107–1.690) compared with individuals without SO. Among the six machine learning algorithms, the optimal LASSO model achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.891 on the training set and 0.873 on the test set, outperforming the other five machine learning algorithms. Conclusions: SO is a significant risk factor for the prognosis of cancer patients. Our constructed LASSO model to predict the presence of SO is an effective tool for clinical practice. This study is the first to utilize machine learning to explore the predictors of SO among cancer populations, providing valuable insights for future research. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 2255 KB  
Article
Predicting Fetal Growth with Curve Fitting and Machine Learning
by Huan Zhang, Chuan-Sheng Hung, Chun-Hung Richard Lin, Hong-Ren Yu, You-Cheng Zheng, Cheng-Han Yu, Chih-Min Tsai and Ting-Hsin Huang
Bioengineering 2025, 12(7), 730; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12070730 - 3 Jul 2025
Viewed by 708
Abstract
Monitoring fetal growth throughout pregnancy is essential for early detection of developmental abnormalities. This study developed a Taiwan-specific fetal growth reference using a web-based data collection platform and polynomial regression modeling. We analyzed ultrasound data from 980 pregnant women, encompassing 8350 prenatal scans, [...] Read more.
Monitoring fetal growth throughout pregnancy is essential for early detection of developmental abnormalities. This study developed a Taiwan-specific fetal growth reference using a web-based data collection platform and polynomial regression modeling. We analyzed ultrasound data from 980 pregnant women, encompassing 8350 prenatal scans, to model six key fetal biometric parameters: abdominal circumference, crown–rump length, estimated fetal weight, head circumference, biparietal diameter, and femur length. Quadratic regression was selected based on a balance of performance and simplicity, with R2 values exceeding 0.95 for most parameters. Confidence intervals and real-time anomaly detection were implemented through the platform. The results demonstrate the potential for efficient, population-specific fetal growth monitoring in clinical settings. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

39 pages, 11845 KB  
Article
Cervical Cancer Detection Using Deep Neural Network and Hybrid Waterwheel Plant Optimization Algorithm
by Sarah A. Alzakari, Amel Ali Alhussan, S.K. Towfek, Marwa Metwally and Dina Ahmed Salem
Bioengineering 2025, 12(5), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12050478 - 30 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1095
Abstract
More than 85% of the world’s cervical cancer fatalities occur in less-developed nations, causing early mortality among women. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the early classification of cervical cancer based on a new feature selection algorithm and classification method. [...] Read more.
More than 85% of the world’s cervical cancer fatalities occur in less-developed nations, causing early mortality among women. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the early classification of cervical cancer based on a new feature selection algorithm and classification method. The new feature selection algorithm is based on a hybrid of the Waterwheel Plant Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms, and bWWPAPSO denotes it. Meanwhile, the new classification method is based on optimizing the parameters of a multilayer perceptron neural network (WWPAPSO+MLP). A publicly available dataset is employed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Due to this dataset’s imbalance and missing values, it is preprocessed and balanced using SMOTETomek, where undersampling and oversampling were utilized. The usefulness of class imbalance and feature selection based on the classifier’s specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy has been demonstrated by way of a comparative study of the proposed methodology that has been carried out. WWPAPSO+MLP achieves superior performance, with an accuracy of 97.3% and a sensitivity of 98.8%. On the other hand, several statistical tests were conducted, including the Wilcoxon signed rank test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to confirm the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

14 pages, 902 KB  
Article
Identification and Patient Benefit Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting 90-Day Mortality After Endovascular Thrombectomy Based on Routinely Ready Clinical Information
by Andrew Tik Ho Ng and Lawrence Wing Chi Chan
Bioengineering 2025, 12(5), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12050468 - 28 Apr 2025
Viewed by 814
Abstract
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is regarded as the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the mortality rates for these patients remain alarmingly high. Dependable mortality prediction based on timely clinical information is of great importance. [...] Read more.
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is regarded as the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the mortality rates for these patients remain alarmingly high. Dependable mortality prediction based on timely clinical information is of great importance. This study retrospectively reviewed 151 patients who underwent EVT at Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital between 1 April 2017, and 31 October 2023. The primary outcome of this study was 90-day mortality after AIS. The models were developed using two feature selection approaches (model I: sequential forward feature selection, model II: sequential forward feature selection after identifying variables through univariate logistic regression) and six algorithms. Model performance was evaluated by using external validation data of 312 cases and compared with three traditional prediction scores. This study identified support vector machine (SVM) using model II as the best algorithm among the various options. Meanwhile, the Houston Intra-Arterial recanalization 2 (HIAT2) score surpassed all algorithms with an AUC of 0.717. However, most algorithms provided a greater net benefit than the traditional prediction scores. Machine learning (ML) algorithms developed with routinely available variables could offer beneficial insights for predicting mortality in AIS patients undergoing EVT. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop