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Bioengineering
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Orthopedic and Trauma Biomechanics
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Orthopedic and Trauma Biomechanics

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomechanics and Sports Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 3049

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ligia Rusu

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Guest Editor
Sports Medicine and Physiotherapy Department, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
Interests: neurologic rehabilitation; neuromuscular assessment; physiology; biomechanics; sports medicine; physical therapy
Prof. Dr. Nejc Šarabon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenija
Interests: human movement; aging; injuies prevention; rehabilitation; ergonomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mihnea Ion Marin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
Interests: biomechanics; movement analysis; statistics; signal analysis; technical measurements

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Orthopedic and trauma biomechanics is a rapidly evolving field that integrates principles of mechanics, biology, and medicine to understand and improve the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries and diseases. This field is crucial for advancing clinical practices, developing innovative medical devices, and enhancing patient outcomes in orthopedics and trauma care.

Key Areas of Focus

  1. Fracture Biomechanics
  2. Implant Biomechanics:
  • Design and Performance: Evaluating the mechanical properties and performance of orthopedic implants, such as joint replacements and fixation devices.
  • Long-Term Outcomes: Studying the durability and effectiveness of implants over time, including wear and loosening mechanisms.
  • Innovative Materials: Exploring new materials and surface treatments to enhance implant integration and longevity.
  1. Computational Modeling:
  • Finite Element Analysis: Using computational models to simulate the mechanical behavior of bones, joints, and implants under various loading conditions.
  • Multi-Body Dynamics: Studying the dynamic interactions between multiple components of the musculoskeletal system.
  • Patient-Specific Models: Creating personalized models to predict treatment outcomes and optimize surgical planning.
  1. Musculoskeletal System Biomechanics:
  • Injury Prevention: Understanding the biomechanical factors contributing to injuries and developing strategies to prevent them.

Prof. Dr. Ligia Rusu
Prof. Dr. Nejc Šarabon
Guest Editors

Prof. Dr. Mihnea Ion Marin
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomechanics
  • gait
  • trauma and biomechanics
  • movement
  • orthopedic assessment

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2132 KB  
Article
Biomechanical Comparison of Different Fixation Methods for Treating Jones Fracture of the Fifth Metatarsal
by Cheng-Min Shih, Yu-Chun Yen, Chun-Hsiang Wang, Yu-Heng Huang, Shun-Ping Wang and Kuo-Chih Su
Bioengineering 2026, 13(2), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering13020135 - 23 Jan 2026
Viewed by 325
Abstract
Jones fractures are Zone 2 fractures of the fifth metatarsal. Biomechanical comparisons of fixation strategies for Jones fractures remain limited by the lack of standardized, head-to-head evaluations across major fixation methods. The purpose of this study was to perform a standardized biomechanical comparison [...] Read more.
Jones fractures are Zone 2 fractures of the fifth metatarsal. Biomechanical comparisons of fixation strategies for Jones fractures remain limited by the lack of standardized, head-to-head evaluations across major fixation methods. The purpose of this study was to perform a standardized biomechanical comparison of six fixation configurations representing the three primary surgical techniques for Jones fractures and to examine the mechanical factors underlying differences in early construct stability. A synthetic fifth metatarsal model with a simulated Zone 2 fracture was stabilized using lateral plate fixation with different screw configurations, Kirschner wire fixation with or without tension-band wiring, or intramedullary headless screw fixation. All constructs were tested under displacement-controlled cantilever bending, and the force required to reach 1 mm of fracture site displacement was obtained and construct stiffness was calculated. Plate-based fixation demonstrated the highest resistance to bending deformation, followed by intramedullary screw fixation, whereas Kirschner wire-based constructs exhibited the lowest stability. These differences were explained by variations in load-sharing pathways and effective working length among fixation constructs. The addition of tension-band wiring did not result in a measurable improvement in stability compared with Kirschner wire fixation alone, consistent with the dependence of tension-band mechanisms on active muscle loading not represented in the experimental model. These findings provide a unified biomechanical comparison of commonly used fixation constructs for Jones fractures and clarify the mechanical basis for differences in early construct stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthopedic and Trauma Biomechanics)
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21 pages, 15834 KB  
Article
Finite Element-Based Biomechanical Evaluation of Patient-Specific Insoles for a Pediatric Patient with Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Using the Taguchi Method
by Dhifaf Muhi Alsaleh, Fuat Bilgili, Meral Bayraktar and Yunus Ziya Arslan
Bioengineering 2025, 12(12), 1323; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12121323 - 4 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 548
Abstract
Customized foot orthoses are widely used to manage plantar pressure and improve structural support in children with hereditary spastic paraparesis. However, the combined biomechanical effects of insole design parameters remain insufficiently quantified. This study employed a patient-specific three-dimensional finite element model to evaluate [...] Read more.
Customized foot orthoses are widely used to manage plantar pressure and improve structural support in children with hereditary spastic paraparesis. However, the combined biomechanical effects of insole design parameters remain insufficiently quantified. This study employed a patient-specific three-dimensional finite element model to evaluate the influence of four design factors (arch height, heel cup depth, insole thickness, and material type, namely ethylene-vinyl acetate [EVA], thermoplastic polyurethane [TPU], and rubber) on four biomechanical metrics: plantar pressure distribution, von Mises stress, strain, and total deformation. Nine orthotic configurations, defined by a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, were simulated under a vertical ground reaction force equal to 1.1× body weight. The configuration with an arch height of 42 mm, heel cup depth of 20 mm, thickness of 10 mm, and EVA material achieved the lowest peak plantar pressure (0.087 MPa). Arch height was the dominant factor for plantar pressure (79.4% of variance), deformation (68.1%), and strain (48.2%), while heel cup depth was most influential for stress (40.2%). Material type contributed minimally to plantar pressure and deformation but had a greater effect on stress (11.6%) and strain (15.0%). Thickness played a secondary role, particularly in deformation (19.9%) and strain (22.3%). These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using finite element modeling combined with the Taguchi method to systematically evaluate and optimize orthotic design parameters. Specifically, the study demonstrates that optimized personalized insoles can substantially reduce peak plantar pressure and improve load distribution in a pediatric patient with HSP, pes planovalgus, and flexed-knee gait, providing a potentially effective noninvasive intervention to prevent secondary complications and improve gait mechanics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthopedic and Trauma Biomechanics)
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13 pages, 1551 KB  
Article
Joint Kinematics and Gait Pattern in Multiple Sclerosis: A 3D Analysis Comparative Approach
by Radu Rosulescu, Mihnea Ion Marin, Elena Albu, Bogdan Cristian Albu, Marius Cristian Neamtu and Eugenia Rosulescu
Bioengineering 2025, 12(10), 1067; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12101067 - 30 Sep 2025
Viewed by 683
Abstract
This cross-sectional study analyzed the lower limb (LL) behavior in terms of gait asymmetry and joints’ kinematic parameters, comparing people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and unaffected individuals. Methods: Data from 15 patients, EDSS ≤ 4.5, and 15 healthy control volunteers were gathered. The [...] Read more.
This cross-sectional study analyzed the lower limb (LL) behavior in terms of gait asymmetry and joints’ kinematic parameters, comparing people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and unaffected individuals. Methods: Data from 15 patients, EDSS ≤ 4.5, and 15 healthy control volunteers were gathered. The VICON Motion Capture System (14 infrared cameras), NEXUS software, Plug-in–Gait skeleton model and reflective markers were used to collect data for each subject during five gait cycles on a plane surface. Biomechanical analysis included evaluation of LL joints’ range of motion (ROM) bilaterally, as well as movement symmetry. Results: Comparative biomechanical analysis revealed a hierarchy of vulnerability between the groups: the ankle is the most affected joint in pwMS (p = 0.008–0.014), the knee is moderately affected (p = 0.015 in swing phase), and the hip is the least affected (p > 0.05 in all phases). The swing phase showed the most significant left–right asymmetry impairment, as reflected by root mean square error (RMSE) values: swing-phase RMSE = 9.306 ± 4.635 (higher and more variable) versus stance-phase RMSE = 6.363 ± 2.306 (lower and more consistent). Conclusions: MS does not affect the joints structurally; rather, it eliminates the ability to differentiate the fine-tuning control between them. The absence of significant left–right joint asymmetry differences during complete gait cycle indicates dysfunction in the global motor control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthopedic and Trauma Biomechanics)
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14 pages, 2926 KB  
Article
A Dual-Thread Lag–Locking Screw Enhances Single Lateral Plate Fixation in Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Biomechanical Study
by Ya-Han Chan, Hsuan-Wen Wang, Wei-Che Tsai and Chun-Li Lin
Bioengineering 2025, 12(10), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12101023 - 25 Sep 2025
Viewed by 804
Abstract
Schatzker type V bicondylar tibial plateau fractures present a major challenge due to the difficulty of achieving stable fixation with minimally invasive strategies. This study introduces a dual-thread lag and locking plate (DLLP) design that integrates lag screw compression with unilateral locking plate [...] Read more.
Schatzker type V bicondylar tibial plateau fractures present a major challenge due to the difficulty of achieving stable fixation with minimally invasive strategies. This study introduces a dual-thread lag and locking plate (DLLP) design that integrates lag screw compression with unilateral locking plate fixation. A custom-built compression evaluation platform and standardized 3D-printed fracture models were employed to assess biomechanical performance. DLLP produced measurable interfragmentary compression during screw insertion, with a mean displacement of 1.22 ± 0.11 mm compared with 0.02 ± 0.04 mm for conventional single lateral locking plates (SLLPs) (p < 0.05). In static testing, DLLP demonstrated a significantly greater maximum failure force (7801.51 ± 358.95 N) than SLLP (6224.84 ± 411.20 N, p < 0.05) and improved resistance to lateral displacement at 2 mm (3394.85 ± 392.81 N vs. 2766.36 ± 64.51 N, p = 0.03). Under dynamic fatigue loading simulating one year of functional use, all DLLP constructs survived 1 million cycles with <2 mm displacement, while all SLLP constructs failed prematurely (mean fatigue life: 408,679 ± 128,286 cycles). These findings highlight the critical role of lag screw compression in maintaining fracture stability and demonstrate that DLLP provides superior biomechanical performance compared with SLLP, supporting its potential as a less invasive alternative to dual plating in the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthopedic and Trauma Biomechanics)
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