Understanding Modern Social Dynamics and Well-Being from an Evolutionary Psychology Perspective

A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X). This special issue belongs to the section "Social Psychology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2026) | Viewed by 1332

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Psychology, College of Health and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
Interests: sex characteristics; mate choice; evolutionary psychology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A perspective that is gaining traction as a means to understand various issues is evolutionary mismatch. According to Robert Wright, the author of A Short History of Progress, “we are running twenty-first-century software on hardware last upgraded 50,000 years ago or more”. Our mind was designed for an ancestral environment and has not adapted fast enough for today’s rapid cultural and technological changes.

There is an increasing discourse surrounding a “polycrisis”—a convergence of multiple global challenges, including climate change, international conflicts, and the rising cost of living. Concurrently, individuals are confronting a range of psychosocial issues, such as a growing mental health crisis, the abandonment of traditional aspirations like home ownership and family formation, a friendship crisis, and ultra-low fertility rates. Additionally, new social trends are emerging, including rising singlehood, situationships, and the adoption of "furkids" in lieu of children.

This Special Issue aims to explore these complex social dynamics from an evolutionary psychology perspective. We invite manuscripts that investigate how evolved psychological mechanisms interact with contemporary societal pressures to influence individual well-being, relationship patterns, and reproductive behaviors. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • New evolutionary insights into modern social issues and trends.
  • Understanding how the polycrisis interacts with evolved human minds.
  • Identifying mismatches between ancestral and contemporary environments and explaining how modern social issues and trends are symptoms of such mismatches.

Contributions that provide novel insights into how modern environments create disparities between evolved human needs and current social realities are particularly welcome.

Dr. Amy Lim
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • evolutionary psychology
  • social psychology
  • evolutionary mismatch
  • modern social issues trends
  • polycrisis
  • mental health crisis
  • low fertility
  • friendship crisis
  • situationship
  • singlehood

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

55 pages, 2220 KB  
Review
Evolutionary Mismatch, Stress, and Competition: Making Sense of Psychosocial Problems in the Polycrisis Era
by Jose C. Yong, Amy J. Lim, Edison Tan and Sarah H. M. Chan
Behav. Sci. 2026, 16(5), 650; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16050650 - 26 Apr 2026
Viewed by 555
Abstract
Contemporary problems ranging from allergies, myopia, and obesity to chronic anxiety, loneliness, and ultralow fertility can be understood as consequences of evolutionary mismatch intensified by the polycrisis, in which accelerating technological and socioeconomic changes push human adaptations beyond what they evolved to handle. [...] Read more.
Contemporary problems ranging from allergies, myopia, and obesity to chronic anxiety, loneliness, and ultralow fertility can be understood as consequences of evolutionary mismatch intensified by the polycrisis, in which accelerating technological and socioeconomic changes push human adaptations beyond what they evolved to handle. We sought to provide a conceptual review that maps these problems to adaptive needs that are disrupted in highly modernized environments. We then introduce the social evolutionary mismatch and competition hypothesis, which proposes that social aspects of evolutionary mismatch—e.g., increasing population sizes, fragmented communities, rising socioeconomic inequality, constant exposure to inflated social status cues—have a distinct effect of heightening both real and perceived competition. In turn, this perspective can help us make sense of predictable variation in psychosocial outcomes, including obsessive status pursuit, hostility, and social withdrawal. Finally, we outline strategies to lessen the impact of these dynamics by reducing sources of evolutionary mismatch. In sum, we contribute (1) an exposition of how the polycrisis exacerbates evolutionary mismatch and the adaptive needs that are impacted, (2) a theoretical advance identifying mismatch-driven competition as a predictor of multiple problematic outcomes, and (3) a translational framework showing how evolutionary insights can inform interventions to promote well-being in a time of profound societal strain. Full article
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