Drought Risk Management in the Context of Climate Change

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 8369

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
External Relations, Policy and Advocacy Unit, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, 53113 Bonn, Germany

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Guest Editor
German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Tulpenfeld 6, 53 113 Bonn, Germany
Interests: drought; early warning; monitoring; policy; vulnerability; risk

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With climate change, droughts are increasing in recurrence, severity, duration, and spatial extent. The drought risk will be one of the most important threats of this change, often in conjunction with other impacts such as temperature rise and changing ecosystems. This calls for an accelerated and improved fight against the devastating effects of droughts, which manifest themselves quite differently depending on the location including (agro-)ecosystems, water regime, welfare of people and nations, resilience mechanisms, etc. Since adaptation to climate change is receiving increasing attention, this is also a suitable moment to review the evidence of (changing) drought risks and drought risk management and identify knowledge, technological, political and implementation gaps to guide promising developments for the future.

Key elements of drought risk management must be reviewed: drought monitoring and early warning systems, vulnerability and impact assessments, impact mitigation, and drought response measures. Not least, coordination mechanisms are needed to make these elements synergistically work together.

This Special Issue of Atmosphere focuses on the need for enhanced drought risk management along the aforementioned elements. We seek research studies that examine a mix of technical, socio-economic, and planning approaches including methods and best practices on how to assess drought risk and early warning systems in the short, medium, and long term, with particular emphasis on climate change effects, drought vulnerability and impacts, mitigation measures, drought emergency response, and contingency planning. Manuscripts may focus on identifying ways and means for reliable drought impact data in order to generate information for decision makers and end users. We invite manuscripts that can bring together the necessary data for drought risk assessment, review existing data, identify data gaps, and recommend options for increasing the quality and availability of data, data needs and management systems, as well as the user interface. We also need papers that deal with technology transfer, capacity building, awareness raising at all levels, and coping mechanisms. We also wish to include innovative policy and technical instruments such as insurance options.

Cognizant of the differing impacts of droughts in various levels of countries’ economic development, papers can focus on the various categories of solution options in planning and implementing drought risk management. All too often, it is developing countries who bear the most serious consequences of droughts while they are least responsible for climate change and they have the minimum means to fight its impacts. However, high-income countries have recently started to be aware that they are vulnerable, less to food security but more to environmental degradation and economic losses. Thus, we invite potential contributors to be specific about the setting in which they argue if they are dealing with preparedness and response issues. This also calls for explicit thoughts about the necessary support and funding mechanisms for developing countries, including attribution research which could justify compensation through climate change funds.

Abstract Submission Deadline: 31 August 2021

Dr. Daniel Tsegai
Dr. Michael Bruentrup
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • drought 
  • policy 
  • early warning 
  • resilience 
  • vulnerability 
  • hazard 
  • climate change

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 788 KiB  
Article
Understanding Climate Change and Drought Perceptions, Impact and Responses in the Rural Savannah, West Africa
by Stephen Adaawen
Atmosphere 2021, 12(5), 594; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12050594 - 3 May 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4480
Abstract
Rural communities in West Africa have long adopted a variety of coping and adaptation strategies to periods of climate variability and risks. These strategies have mostly been shaped by prevailing indigenous knowledge systems and shared understandings of the underlying causes of climate events. [...] Read more.
Rural communities in West Africa have long adopted a variety of coping and adaptation strategies to periods of climate variability and risks. These strategies have mostly been shaped by prevailing indigenous knowledge systems and shared understandings of the underlying causes of climate events. Despite the increasing scientific and policy attention to climate perceptions and integration of indigenous knowledge in climate governance, there is still a lag in going further to probe and consider the socio-cultural and cognitive systems that shape local appreciation of climate change risks and responses. Based largely on qualitative interviews, and complementary household surveys, the paper draws on the concepts of ‘mental’ and ‘cognised’ models to examine drought and climate change risk perceptions and responses in the rural savannah of North-eastern Ghana. Local farmers generally allude to changes in rainfall patterns and prolonged intra-seasonal dry spells. Based on subscriptions to local models of blame in explaining climate risks and impacts, it is also seen that prevailing socio-cultural beliefs and understandings of environmental events tend to inform the responses of farmers in addressing these perceived risks and impacts. The paper advocates for ongoing climate action and policy processes to consider the complexity of different actors and context (socio-cultural, institutional, power structures) in enhancing sustainable adaptation and mitigation measures in vulnerable rural communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought Risk Management in the Context of Climate Change)
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12 pages, 859 KiB  
Article
Fluctuating Rainfall, Persistent Food Crisis—Use of Rainfall Data in the Kenyan Drought Early Warning System
by Sofie Sandström, Sirkku Juhola and Aleksi Räsänen
Atmosphere 2020, 11(12), 1328; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11121328 - 7 Dec 2020
Viewed by 2777
Abstract
Early warning systems (EWSs) have been developed to trigger timely action to disasters, yet persistent humanitarian crises resulting from hazards such as drought indicate that these systems need improvements. We focus our research on the county of Turkana in Kenya, where drought repeatedly [...] Read more.
Early warning systems (EWSs) have been developed to trigger timely action to disasters, yet persistent humanitarian crises resulting from hazards such as drought indicate that these systems need improvements. We focus our research on the county of Turkana in Kenya, where drought repeatedly results in humanitarian crises, especially with regard to food insecurity. Focusing on the key elements of the Kenyan EWS, we ask two questions: firstly, what indicators, especially meteorological drought indicators, are used in the national biannual assessments conducted by the Kenyan National Drought Management Authority and monthly drought bulletins for Turkana? Secondly, are there differences in the methodology used for analysis of meteorological indicators in the different documents? Firstly, by utilizing a food systems framework, we conduct qualitative content analysis of the use of indicators in the documents; secondly, we analyze rainfall data and its use. The EWS relies primarily on food availability indicators, with less focus for food access and utilization. The biannual assessments and the country bulletins use different sets of rainfall data and different methodologies for establishing the climate normal, leading to discrepancies in the output of the EWS. We recommend further steps to be taken towards standardization of methodologies and cooperation between various institutions to ensure streamlining of approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought Risk Management in the Context of Climate Change)
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