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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Characterization and Toxicity of Atmospheric Pollutants
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Characterization and Toxicity of Atmospheric Pollutants

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 March 2026 | Viewed by 2939

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Paula Cristina da Silva Albuquerque

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Guest Editor
Department of Laboratory Techniques and Communitary Health, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa (ESTESL), Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: nanoparticles; ultrafine particles; indoor air pollution; risk assessment; risk management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. João Fernando Pereira Gomes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering (ADEQ), Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL), R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: air pollution abatement; air pollution monitoring and control; particulate pollutants; indoor air pollution; combustion; clean fuels
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Toxic air pollutants (TAPs), also known as air toxics, are a subset of air pollutants that are known to cause cancer as well as various developmental, neurological, respiratory, reproductive, and other serious chronic health effects (USEPA, 2014).

Short-term exposure can lead to eye irritation, nausea, or difficulty breathing. Long-term exposures may result in damage to the respiratory, nervous, or reproductive systems, birth and developmental defects, and other serious health problems.

While everyone is at risk from exposure to air toxics, many factors determine how seriously any pollutant will affect a person or at-risk population. These include the level, duration, and frequency of exposure, the toxicity of the pollutant, and the overall health of people who are exposed.

Understanding the emission source type of a particular air toxic can help the analyst begin to develop a conceptual model of concentration patterns and gradients that might be expected (EPA, 2009).

This Special Issue of Atmosphere is dedicated to papers describing the latest advances in the characterization and toxicity of atmospheric pollutants.

Prof. Dr. Paula Cristina da Silva Albuquerque
Prof. Dr. João Fernando Pereira Gomes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • monitoring of gaseous emissions
  • airborne particulate matter
  • emissions abatement
  • risk assessment
  • toxicity of airborne pollutants

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1987 KB  
Article
Toledo and Climate Change: 30 Years of Clinical Aerobiology in the Center of Spain
by Angel Moral de Gregorio, Raúl Guzmán Rodríguez, Carlos Senent Sánchez, Francisco Feo Brito and Pedro Beneyto Martin
Atmosphere 2025, 16(8), 981; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080981 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 525
Abstract
The incidence of allergic diseases has increased notably in recent years. The reasons for this increase include air pollution, diet, and infectious factors. This study aims to analyze the interactions between aeroallergens, environmental pollutants, and meteorological factors and their impact on allergenic sensitization [...] Read more.
The incidence of allergic diseases has increased notably in recent years. The reasons for this increase include air pollution, diet, and infectious factors. This study aims to analyze the interactions between aeroallergens, environmental pollutants, and meteorological factors and their impact on allergenic sensitization in Toledo, Spain. An aerobiological study was conducted over the past 30 years (1994–2023) using a Burkard collector and the SEAIC (Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology) methodology. Meteorological data were obtained from the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) and pollutant data were acquired from the Castilla-La Mancha Air Quality Monitoring Network. Patients presenting with seasonal allergic symptoms at the University Hospital of Toledo were selected for skin testing with various types of airborne pollen. A total of twenty pollen taxa were identified in the Toledo atmosphere, as follows: Cupressaceae (26.53%); Olea europaea (21.62%); Quercus (21.12%); Poaceae (10.30%); Urticaceae (2.58%); Plantago (2.48%); Platanus (2.00%); Amaranthaceae (1.72%); Rumex (1.68%); and Morus, Pistacia, Populus, Artemisia, Fraxinus, Alnus, Carex, and Ericaceae (less than 1% each). The average temperature increased by 1.2 °C, while the level of precipitation remained stable. Among all pollutants, only a moderate increase in ozone levels was observed; however, the concentrations of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides decreased. The prevalence of pollen sensitization in allergic patients ranged from 8% for Pinus nigra to 84% for Phleum pratense. In conclusion, the rise in temperature due to climate change, coupled with high concentrations of pollutants such as ozone, can result in increased concentrations of the main types of wind-borne pollen. Thus, this can lead to a greater sensitivity to pollen and, consequently, more people becoming allergic to pollen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Toxicity of Atmospheric Pollutants)
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14 pages, 2758 KB  
Article
Combined Exposure to High-Cholesterol Diet and PM2.5: Brain Injury and Regulatory Mechanism of HIF-1α in ApoE−/− Female Mice
by Wenqi Chen, Shanshan Chen, Lirong Bai and Ruijin Li
Atmosphere 2024, 15(8), 952; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15080952 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1180
Abstract
High-cholesterol diet (HCD) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are related to stroke. However, little is known about the combined effects of stroke, especially for females. This study investigated the brain injuries in Apolipoprotein E−/− (ApoE−/−) female mice exposed [...] Read more.
High-cholesterol diet (HCD) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are related to stroke. However, little is known about the combined effects of stroke, especially for females. This study investigated the brain injuries in Apolipoprotein E−/− (ApoE−/−) female mice exposed to HCD plus PM2.5 for 6 months. The protein levels of the genes related to stroke and the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in different groups of mice were measured. The molecular regulation mechanisms were explored. The results showed that HCD and PM2.5 co-exposure altered brain–body weight ratio, behavior, brain pathology, and inflammatory markers in mice relative to exposure to HCD or PM2.5 alone. Co-exposure significantly changed the expressions of HIF-1α and the key genes in its signaling pathway in the brains of mice compared to the single exposure. It suggests that the HIF-1α pathway exerts an important regulatory role in brain injury and behavioral abnormality in female mice after 6-month exposure to HCD plus PM2.5, which are potential mechanisms for HCD and PM2.5-triggering stroke in female individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Toxicity of Atmospheric Pollutants)
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