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Atmosphere
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Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model
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Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 September 2019) | Viewed by 13972

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eduardo García-Ortega

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Environmental Institute, Department of Applied Physics, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
Interests: numerical weather prediction; short-term forecasting; mesoscale meteorology; precipitation physics; convective precipitation; mp schemes; aircraft icing; hailstorms; cloud physics; satellite observations; climatology

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The weather research and forecasting model is playing a key role in the NWP history of the 21st century. Its impact on meteorology and atmospheric science research is demonstrated by the increasing number of articles published in peer-reviewed journals during the last decade. From a NWP perspective, the progressive evolution from single to ensemble forecasting paradigms and the availability of new observation data bases—such as the increasing satellite products—are contributing to the development of new validation techniques. Moreover, in recent years the WRF model has provided new capabilities for different applications in hydrology, the emission and transport of aerosols, severe weather events or the regional climate. This Special Issue offers the opportunity to publish quality articles on WRF model from a broad perspective, including mesoscale processes; severe precipitation and wind episodes; data assimilation; physical parameterization schemes; probabilistic forecast; validation; regional climate or chemical, hydrological and atmosphere–ocean interactions.

Dr. Eduardo García-Ortega
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Synoptic and mesoscale processes
  • Mesoscale weather events and phenomena
  • Organized convection
  • Severe weather events
  • Tropical cyclones
  • Hurricanes
  • Medicanes
  • Physics parameterization schemes
  • Regional climate research
  • Data Assimilation
  • Ensembles
  • Validation and field campaigns
  • WRF and TRMM/GPM
  • Aviation weather
  • Turbulence
  • Icing and convection
  • Air quality
  • WRF-Chem package
  • WRF-Hydro package
  • WRF-Fire package
  • WRF-Urban
  • WRF for wind and solar energy
  • Atmosphere–ocean interactions
  • Large-eddy-scale modeling
  • Polar environments
  • Operational real-time forecast

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5991 KiB  
Article
Impacts of the Desiccated Lake System on Precipitation in the Basin of Mexico City
by Erika López-Espinoza, Angel Ruiz-Angulo, Jorge Zavala-Hidalgo, Rosario Romero-Centeno and Josefina Escamilla-Salazar
Atmosphere 2019, 10(10), 628; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10100628 - 17 Oct 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4154
Abstract
Mexico City constitutes one of the largest concentrations of population on the planet and is settled in a valley that, before the 16th century, had a lake system. The lakes were desiccated artificially, and currently, only small lakes remain. The impact of the [...] Read more.
Mexico City constitutes one of the largest concentrations of population on the planet and is settled in a valley that, before the 16th century, had a lake system. The lakes were desiccated artificially, and currently, only small lakes remain. The impact of the lake system desiccation on precipitation was studied by performing numerical experiments: with the ancient lake system and without it. The experiments were carried out with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with a lake model for two months, using identical initial and boundary conditions, where only the system and lake physics were changed. The mean daily accumulated precipitation reduced when the system was removed. Additionally, the hourly distribution of rainfall changed from a relatively small diurnal variability when there was a lake system to a larger variability with a peak in the afternoon when the system was removed. Extreme precipitation events became more intense in the simulations with lakes. When the lakes were removed, the diurnal temperature range increased, and the boundary layer height became more variable, with a higher daily maximum. The results presented here show that the WRF-Lake model leads to opposite results compared to those with a non-coupled lake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model)
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23 pages, 5607 KiB  
Article
Combinatorial Optimization for WRF Physical Parameterization Schemes: A Case Study of Three-Day Typhoon Simulations over the Northwest Pacific Ocean
by Zhenhua Di, Wei Gong, Yanjun Gan, Chenwei Shen and Qingyun Duan
Atmosphere 2019, 10(5), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10050233 - 1 May 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4549
Abstract
Quantifying a set of suitable physics parameterization schemes for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is essential for obtaining highly accurate typhoon forecasts. In this study, a systematic Tukey-based combinatorial optimization method was proposed to determine the optimal physics schemes of the [...] Read more.
Quantifying a set of suitable physics parameterization schemes for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is essential for obtaining highly accurate typhoon forecasts. In this study, a systematic Tukey-based combinatorial optimization method was proposed to determine the optimal physics schemes of the WRF model for 15 typhoon simulations over the Northwest Pacific Ocean, covering all available schemes of microphysics (MP), cumulus (CU), and planetary boundary layer (PBL) physical processes. Results showed that 284 scheme combination searches were sufficient to find the optimal scheme combinations for simulations of track (km), central sea level pressure (CSLP, hPa), and 10 m maximum surface wind (10-m wind, m s−1), compared with the 700 sets of full combinations (i.e., 10 MP × 7 CU × 10 PBL). The decrease in the typhoon simulation error (i.e., root mean square error between simulation and observations) with this optimal scheme combination was 34%, 33.92%, and 25.67% for the track, CSLP, and 10-m wind, respectively. Overall, the results demonstrated that the optimal scheme combination yields reasonable results, and the Tukey-based optimization method is very effective and efficient in terms of computational resources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model)
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Graphical abstract

21 pages, 3034 KiB  
Article
Simulating Sundowner Winds in Coastal Santa Barbara: Model Validation and Sensitivity
by Gert-Jan Duine, Charles Jones, Leila M.V. Carvalho and Robert G. Fovell
Atmosphere 2019, 10(3), 155; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030155 - 22 Mar 2019
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4434
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes and land surface models (LSMs) on the performance of the Weather Research & Forecasting model in simulating the development of downslope windstorms in the lee of the Santa Ynez Mountains in Santa [...] Read more.
This study investigates the influence of planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes and land surface models (LSMs) on the performance of the Weather Research & Forecasting model in simulating the development of downslope windstorms in the lee of the Santa Ynez Mountains in Santa Barbara, California (known as Sundowner winds). Using surface stations, a vertical wind profiler, and a multi-physics ensemble approach, we found that most of the wind speed biases are controlled by the roughness length z 0 , and so by the choice of LSM. While timing characteristics of Sundowners are insensitive to both LSM and PBL schemes, a clear sensitivity in the horizontal extent of strong surface winds is found for both PBL parameterization and z 0 , which are related to patterns of self-induced wave-breaking near the mountaintop, and the erosion of the marine layer. These results suggest that LSMs with relatively high values of z 0 , and TKE-based or hybrid PBL schemes adequately simulate downslope windstorms in the lee of mountain ranges, specifically in areas where downslope windstorms interact with the marine boundary layer with stably stratified characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model)
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