Climate Variability and El Nino-Southern Oscillation

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 1138

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Interests: extreme events; statistical modelling; ENSO
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Guest Editor
School of Emergency Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 211800, China
Interests: extreme events; statistical modelling; ENS

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Guest Editor
Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management (CDMM), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
Interests: extreme events; statistical modelling; ENSO

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Guest Editor
1. Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC 3350, Australia
2. E-3 Complexity Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
Interests: extreme events; statistical modelling; ENSO

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant driver of year-to-year climate variability, with profound impacts on global weather patterns, ecosystems, and societies. This special issue of Atmosphere seeks to advance our understanding of ENSO’s complex dynamics, its interactions with broader climate variability, and its implications in a changing climate. We welcome high-quality research addressing the mechanisms of ENSO diversity and extremes, its predictability on seasonal to decadal timescales, and its teleconnections to regional climate anomalies, including extreme events. Studies exploring the interplay between ENSO and other climate modes, anthropogenic forcing, and emerging challenges in modelling and prediction are particularly encouraged. This Special Issue aims to synthesize contemporary research to improve climate risk assessment and inform adaptation strategies, providing a timely platform for interdisciplinary dialogue on one of the most critical phenomena in the Earth’s climate system.

Dr. Md Wahiduzzaman
Prof. Dr. Kevin Cheung
Dr. Kuvar Satya Singh
Dr. Alea Yeasmin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • ENSO dynamics
  • climate teleconnections
  • extreme events
  • seasonal forecasting
  • ocean–atmosphere interaction

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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19 pages, 1692 KB  
Systematic Review
Climate Variability in the South Pacific: A Systematic Review of Key Drivers and Processes
by Md Wahiduzzaman and Alea Yeasmin
Atmosphere 2026, 17(2), 147; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17020147 - 29 Jan 2026
Viewed by 855
Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes current scientific knowledge on the drivers of climate variability and change across the South Pacific, with a particular focus on mechanisms influencing tropical cyclone behavior and regional hydroclimatic extremes. The review begins by contextualizing the unique vulnerabilities of Pacific [...] Read more.
This systematic review synthesizes current scientific knowledge on the drivers of climate variability and change across the South Pacific, with a particular focus on mechanisms influencing tropical cyclone behavior and regional hydroclimatic extremes. The review begins by contextualizing the unique vulnerabilities of Pacific Island nations, which arise from geographic isolation, socio-economic constraints, and extensive coastal exposures. It examines the foundational role of the South Pacific Convergence Zone in organizing regional convection and precipitation and explores the multi-scale climate oscillations that modulate environmental conditions across interannual, decadal, and intraseasonal timescales. The compounding effects of anthropogenic climate change—including rising temperatures, sea-level increase, shifting rainfall regimes, and changing storm characteristics—are critically assessed. Special attention is given to the complex interplay between natural variability and human-induced trends in altering tropical cyclone genesis, tracks, and intensity. The review identifies persistent knowledge gaps, such as data inhomogeneity, limited long-term records, and uncertainties in downscaled projections, and concludes with prioritized research directions aimed at enhancing predictive capacity and supporting climate-resilient adaptation across this highly vulnerable region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Variability and El Nino-Southern Oscillation)
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