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Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th...
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Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th Edition)

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2026 | Viewed by 5032

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kyriaki-Maria Fameli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, GR-15236 Athens, Greece
Interests: emission inventory development (classical pollutants and GHGs); air and particulate pollution over urban areas; GIS; air quality modeling; low-cost sensor monitoring; raising climate change awareness
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vasiliki Assimakopoulos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Environmental Research & Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, GR-15236 Athens, Greece
Interests: emission inventory development; chemical transport modeling; urban air quality; air pollution mitigation strategies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a follow-up to the Special Issue entitled “Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (3rd Edition)” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere/special_issues/808841P0HU) published in Atmosphere, and it covers all aspects of air quality management issues.

Air pollution has become an increasingly important environmental issue on a global scale since the sources that contribute to poor air quality and climate change are becoming increasingly widespread. Both natural and anthropogenic components of air pollution have been long recognized and are continuously being investigated to identify their links with local and regional air quality, the impact on the climate, health and ecosystems, and new sources and pollutants, as well as links between emissions and air pollution management. In this respect, climate change effects exacerbate the increase in critical air pollutants such as ozone, and air pollution contributes to climate change (e.g., black carbon from the combustion of fossil fuels).

Air quality is monitored at the surface through ground-based monitors, official networks, low-cost sensors and, recently, cheap and easy-to-use sensors used by regular citizens. Additional data are derived from satellite and remote observations, contributing to the temporal and spatial study of air pollution. Monitoring aims to identify and quantify the pollution sources, air quality, compliance with ambient air quality standards, and the impact of exposure to other parameters (meteorology, topography, accidental release, etc.). In order for air quality to be managed, the continuous application and updating of modeling tools, emissions inventories, and advanced statistical methodologies to produce solutions and assess policies is a prerequisite.

This Special Issue aims to gather research papers focused on the interactions between air pollution and climate change, assessing the implementation of policies and measures, novel methodologies for emission inventories, remote and in situ experimental observations, meteorological parameters, the application of chemical transport and/or development of statistical models for forecasting air pollution levels, and assisting the monitoring and mapping of air pollution close to major sources or areas across large areas.

Dr. Kyriaki-Maria Fameli
Dr. Vasiliki Assimakopoulos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • emission inventory
  • air pollution monitoring
  • air pollution assessment
  • exposure
  • climate change and air pollution
  • PM2.5
  • PM10
  • ozone
  • aerosols
  • statistical forecasting models
  • chemical transport models
  • urban air pollution
  • remote sensing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 511 KB  
Article
Development of Odour Intensity Reference Solutions for Environmental Odour Evaluation
by Takaya Higuchi and Yingchao Cheng
Atmosphere 2026, 17(2), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17020222 - 21 Feb 2026
Viewed by 330
Abstract
For the appropriate evaluation of environmental odours, it is necessary to develop a reliable odour measurement scale. Odour intensity is one of the main odour characterisation parameters and a remarkably common and important sensory indicator of environmental odours. In this study, the odour [...] Read more.
For the appropriate evaluation of environmental odours, it is necessary to develop a reliable odour measurement scale. Odour intensity is one of the main odour characterisation parameters and a remarkably common and important sensory indicator of environmental odours. In this study, the odour intensity level between two and four of the six-point odour intensity scale was focused on, and odour intensity reference solutions of representative odorants for environmental odour evaluation were developed. As a result, propionic acid, propylamine, ethyl acetate, and isobutyraldehyde were selected as representative odorants, and three concentration steps of each odorant were determined to cover the odour intensity of two, three, and four of the six-point odour intensity scale. These reference odour solutions will be applicable to the training of inexperienced panel members and reliable on-site investigations of environmental odours. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th Edition))
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19 pages, 6978 KB  
Article
Los Angeles Wildfires 2025: Satellite-Based Emissions Monitoring and Air-Quality Impacts
by Konstantinos Michailidis, Andreas Pseftogkas, Maria-Elissavet Koukouli, Christodoulos Biskas and Dimitris Balis
Atmosphere 2026, 17(1), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17010050 - 31 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1685
Abstract
In January 2025, multiple wildfires erupted across the Los Angeles region, fueled by prolonged dry conditions and intense Santa Ana winds. Southern California has faced increasingly frequent and severe wildfires in recent years, driven by prolonged drought, high temperatures, and the expanding wildland–urban [...] Read more.
In January 2025, multiple wildfires erupted across the Los Angeles region, fueled by prolonged dry conditions and intense Santa Ana winds. Southern California has faced increasingly frequent and severe wildfires in recent years, driven by prolonged drought, high temperatures, and the expanding wildland–urban interface. These fires have caused major loss of life, extensive property damage, mass evacuations, and severe air-quality decline in this densely populated, high-risk region. This study integrates passive and active satellite observations to characterize the spatiotemporal and vertical distribution of wildfire emissions and assesses their impact on air quality. TROPOMI (Sentinel-5P) and the recently launched TEMPO geostationary instrument provide hourly high temporal-resolution mapping of trace gases, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde (HCHO), and aerosols. Vertical column densities of NO2 and HCHO reached 40 and 25 Pmolec/cm2, respectively, representing more than a 250% increase compared to background climatological levels in fire-affected zones. TEMPO’s unique high-frequency observations captured strong diurnal variability and secondary photochemical production, offering unprecedented insights into plume evolution on sub-daily scales. ATLID (EarthCARE) lidar profiling identified smoke layers concentrated between 1 and 3 km altitude, with optical properties characteristic of fresh biomass burning and depolarization ratios indicating mixed particle morphology. Vertical profiling capability was critical for distinguishing transported smoke from boundary-layer pollution and assessing radiative impacts. These findings highlight the value of combined passive–active satellite measurements in capturing wildfire plumes and the need for integrated monitoring as wildfire risk grows under climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th Edition))
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29 pages, 25957 KB  
Article
Quantifying the Synergistic Benefits of Air Quality Improvement and Carbon Emissions Reduction: A Case Study of Henan, China
by Meng Wang, Chaolong Zhang, Yulong Hu and Youjiang He
Atmosphere 2026, 17(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17010004 - 19 Dec 2025
Viewed by 685
Abstract
Sustainable development goals link policies addressing air quality and energy efficiency to synergistic benefits for climate mitigation. However, the coal-dominated energy system poses major challenges for Henan Province in mitigating air pollution and climate change. While the government has issued a series of [...] Read more.
Sustainable development goals link policies addressing air quality and energy efficiency to synergistic benefits for climate mitigation. However, the coal-dominated energy system poses major challenges for Henan Province in mitigating air pollution and climate change. While the government has issued a series of clean air policies and low-carbon energy targets, the simultaneous achievements of low-carbon transition and air quality goals at the sub-national level remain unclear. This study evaluates the effectiveness of policy implementation in Henan’s energy system using an integrated assessment framework that combines emission scenarios, air quality simulations, and health impact assessments. The results indicated that, by 2030, without system-wide energy transformation driven by carbon mitigation policies, air quality improvements in Henan Province will be limited, even under stringent end-of-pipe emission control measures. In contrast, low-carbon policies would yield significant co-benefits for both air quality improvement and climate mitigation. Beyond stringent end-of-pipe controls, the implementation of carbon mitigation policies aligned with China’s enhanced climate targets could further reduce Henan’s average PM2.5 concentration by up to 4.1 µg/m3. The monetized health co-benefits in Henan Province would reach 4.57 billion RMB under the stringent carbon mitigation scenario. These results highlight the critical role of effectively implementing existing air pollution and energy policies in simultaneously achieving air quality, public health, and carbon mitigation goals in Henan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th Edition))
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12 pages, 1198 KB  
Article
Regional and Whole-Body Dermal Emission Rates of Volatile Sulfur Compounds and Potential Impact on Indoor Air Odour
by Tomomi Osaka, Daisuke Sato, Akihiro Hosomi, Mizuki Fukui and Yoshika Sekine
Atmosphere 2025, 16(12), 1331; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16121331 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 741
Abstract
Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are known to cause characteristic—and sometimes unpleasant—body odour. Human presence may influence the odour of indoor air; however, the contribution of skin-derived VSCs has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study aimed to elucidate the regional and whole-body dermal emission [...] Read more.
Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are known to cause characteristic—and sometimes unpleasant—body odour. Human presence may influence the odour of indoor air; however, the contribution of skin-derived VSCs has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study aimed to elucidate the regional and whole-body dermal emission rates of VSCs—diallyl disulfide (DADS), allyl methyl sulfide (AMS), ethyl mercaptan (EMT), allyl mercaptan (AMT) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS)—by conducting simultaneous and multi-point measurements of dermal emissions from the human skin surface to assess their potential impact on indoor air quality. Dermal emission fluxes of VSCs were measured at 14 anatomical regions of 12 healthy young subjects using a passive flux sampler coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. These fluxes were converted to emission rates using regional body surface area, and the whole-body emission rates were subsequently used to estimate indoor air concentrations for comparison with the odour thresholds of each VSC. The results showed that although some regional differences in emission rates were observed among subjects, the large inter-individual variability ultimately led to no significant differences in whole-body emission rates of VSCs between males and females. Using the average whole-body emission rates across 12 subjects, the estimated indoor air concentrations of VSCs followed the descending order: EMT > AMT >> DMTS > AMS > DADS. The odour quotient was used to evaluate the impact of skin-derived VSCs on indoor air quality and indicated that EMT consistently contributes to indoor odour. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th Edition))
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28 pages, 2424 KB  
Article
A Novel Application of Choquet Integral for Multi-Model Fusion in Urban PM10 Forecasting
by Houria Bouzghiba, Amine Ajdour, Najiya Omar, Abderrahmane Mendyl and Gábor Géczi
Atmosphere 2025, 16(11), 1274; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16111274 - 10 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1006
Abstract
Air pollution forecasting remains a critical challenge for urban public health management, with traditional approaches struggling to balance accuracy and interpretability. This study introduces a novel PM10 forecasting framework combining physics-informed feature engineering with interpretable ensemble fusion using the Choquet integral, the [...] Read more.
Air pollution forecasting remains a critical challenge for urban public health management, with traditional approaches struggling to balance accuracy and interpretability. This study introduces a novel PM10 forecasting framework combining physics-informed feature engineering with interpretable ensemble fusion using the Choquet integral, the first application of this non-linear aggregation operator for air quality forecasting. Using hourly data from 11 monitoring stations in Budapest (2021–2023), we developed four specialized feature sets capturing distinct atmospheric processes: short-term dynamics, long-term patterns, meteorological drivers, and anomaly detection. We evaluated machine learning models including Random Forest variants (RF), Gradient Boosting (GBR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architectures across six identified pollution regimes. Results revealed the critical importance of feature engineering over architectural complexity. While sophisticated models failed when trained on raw data, the KNN model with 5-dimensional anomaly features achieved exceptional performance, representing an 86.7% improvement over direct meteorological input models. Regime-specific modeling proved essential, with GBR-Regime outperforming GBR-Stable by a remarkable effect size. For ensemble fusion, we compared the novel Choquet integral approach against conventional methods (mean, median, Bayesian Model Averaging, stacking). The Choquet integral achieved near-equivalent performance to state-of-the-art stacking while providing complete mathematical interpretability through interaction coefficients. Analysis revealed predominantly redundant interactions among models, demonstrating that sophisticated fusion must prevent information over-counting rather than merely combining predictions. Station-specific interaction patterns showed selective synergy exploitation at complex urban locations while maintaining redundancy management at simpler sites. This work establishes that combining domain-informed feature engineering with interpretable Choquet integral aggregation can match black-box ensemble performance while maintaining the transparency essential for operational deployment and regulatory compliance in air quality management systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Integrated Air Quality Management: Emissions, Monitoring, Modelling (4th Edition))
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