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Challenges and Advances in the Preparation, Management, and Review of...
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Challenges and Advances in the Preparation, Management, and Review of Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutant Emission Inventories

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 7842

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ioannis Sempos (Sebos)

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
Interests: climate change (mitigation and adaptation); GHG inventories; air pollution; industrial safety
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Athena Progiou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
AXON Enviro-Group Ltd., 18, Troias Str., 11257 Athens, Greece
Interests: land use planning; atmospheric pollution; greenhouse gases; air quality; air pollution modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Emission inventories play a significant role in assessing the effects of anthropogenic activity on atmospheric pollution and climate change. They are an important tool for identifying the source of pollutants and assessing the pollution load in a defined area at a particular time. In response to obligations from international conventions and protocols, annual schemes of reporting national total emissions to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for greenhouse gases (GHGs) and to the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) for air pollutants have been developed. In addition, countries need to forecast their emissions and assess the impact of mitigation policies and measures in order to define their low-carbon development strategies and air pollution control programs.  

To compile an emission inventory, all sources of the pollutants must be identified and quantified. GHG emission inventories are based on the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National GHG Inventories and the recent 2019 Refinement. Air pollutant inventories are based on emission guidebooks such as the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook and the AP-42 Compilation of Air Pollutant Emissions Factors. The reporting and reviewing of inventories will be required of many more countries under the Paris Agreement. In 2015, at COP 21, the Parties, aiming to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, adopted the Paris Agreement, and through it, established the Enhanced Transparency Framework. A core arrangement of the transparency framework, which is expected to build mutual trust and confidence among the Parties of the agreement, is the communication of national inventories, which will be used as the tool to track progress made in implementing the National Determined Contributions (NDCs).

This Special Issue aims to collect original research and review papers on emission inventories and forecasting, and the assessment of mitigation policies for GHGs and air pollutants. All studies that are related to the improvement of emission inventories through the use of advanced methods and models, the forecasting of GHGs/air pollutants in key sectors, and the assessment of the impact of mitigation policies and measures, especially in developing countries, are welcome.

Dr. Ioannis Sempos (Sebos)
Dr. Athena Progiou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • GHG and air pollutants emission inventories
  • emission projections
  • assessment of the impact of mitigation policies
  • low carbon strategies
  • Paris Agreement Enhanced Transparency Framework
  • air pollution control programs

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 3739 KiB  
Article
Recovery of Fluorinated Refrigerants from Decommissioned RAC Equipment in Germany—Implications for National Emission Reporting under the UNFCCC
by David Behringer, Kerstin Martens and Barbara Gschrey
Atmosphere 2024, 15(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010035 - 27 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1862
Abstract
Germany is obliged to report emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases annually under the UNFCCC. This includes emissions of fluorinated refrigerants when decommissioning RAC equipment. To obtain this information, data on the recovery, recycling, and disposal of fluorinated greenhouse gases is necessary, but such [...] Read more.
Germany is obliged to report emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases annually under the UNFCCC. This includes emissions of fluorinated refrigerants when decommissioning RAC equipment. To obtain this information, data on the recovery, recycling, and disposal of fluorinated greenhouse gases is necessary, but such data are scarce. The VDKF-LEC database contains information on the recovery of fluorinated refrigerants from decommissioned RAC equipment in Germany and an extracted dataset was used to obtain real-world information for the years 2017 to 2021. Recovery rates for different fluorinated refrigerants from decommissioned commercial and industrial refrigeration as well as stationary air-conditioning equipment were derived. Furthermore, average lifetimes of equipment for the different sectors were calculated. In the analysis, a dependency of charged refrigerant and age of the unit at decommissioning could be observed. Results from the analysis of the VDKF-LEC dataset were compared with reported data under the UNFCCC for Germany and other available data sources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Advances in the Preparation, Management, and Review of Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutant Emission Inventories)
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12 pages, 856 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on the Carbon Footprint of Two Research Projects: A Comparative Analysis
by Sofia Papadogiannaki, Natalia Liora, Daphne Parliari, Stavros Cheristanidis, Anastasia Poupkou, Ioannis Sebos, Athena Progiou and Dimitrios Melas
Atmosphere 2023, 14(9), 1365; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14091365 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2601
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the carbon footprint (CF) of two research projects. These projects were initiated prior to the onset of the pandemic and subsequently concluded afterward, serving as the Base Case [...] Read more.
The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the carbon footprint (CF) of two research projects. These projects were initiated prior to the onset of the pandemic and subsequently concluded afterward, serving as the Base Case (BC) for analysis. Furthermore, the study seeks to explore the potential applicability of measures implemented during the period of lockdown for future mitigation of CF. The applied methodology, which adheres to the guidelines provided by the GHG Protocol and the Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) emission factors, is utilized to examine the CF of the projects under two different scenarios. The first scenario assumes that the projects were implemented without the pandemic, while the second scenario considers that the projects were conducted entirely during the pandemic. Among the two projects under review, one emphasizes innovation and entails a collaboration between academia and business. This project is supported by a limited number of employees, exclusively from domestic partners. The other project is more oriented toward policy-making and involves a larger group of partners from Greece and Italy. Its main priority is dissemination. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with project activities mainly stem from electricity use, material consumption, project-hosted events, project participation in events, employees commuting, and equipment. Results show that in the first scenario, the projects exhibit a more than 40% increase in CO2 emissions compared to the BC, while in the second scenario, the implementation of measures such as teleworking, virtual participation in events, and digitization of bureaucratic processes lead to a reduction in emissions by at least 20%. The study suggests that adopting such measures after the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Advances in the Preparation, Management, and Review of Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutant Emission Inventories)
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16 pages, 720 KiB  
Article
Improvement in the Methodological Estimation of Sulfur Hexafluoride Use in Electrical Equipment for Malaysia’s National Greenhouse Gas Inventory
by Ee Sann Tan, Fei Ling Pua, Renuga Verayiah and Nurul Syazalina
Atmosphere 2023, 14(6), 956; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14060956 - 30 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2289
Abstract
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas is one of the high global warming potential (GWP) gases regulated under the Kyoto Protocol. In Malaysia’s Biennial Update Report 3, the Revised 1996 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines were followed to estimate the SF6 [...] Read more.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas is one of the high global warming potential (GWP) gases regulated under the Kyoto Protocol. In Malaysia’s Biennial Update Report 3, the Revised 1996 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines were followed to estimate the SF6 emissions in the country, including the time series from 1990 to 2016. The majority of SF6 emissions originate from the use of this gas in electrical equipment, where it is predominantly used in transmission switch gears, which have increased rapidly because of increasing electricity demand. SF6 gas plays a significant role in greenhouse gas emissions in Malaysia because this gas has a higher GWP than carbon dioxide. Hence, this SF6 gas needs to be estimated using newer guidelines such as the 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Detailed activity data in the new methodology require stakeholders’ engagement with utility providers and government agencies. This paper describes the GHG inventory improvement plan, focusing on SF6 emissions for Industrial Processes and Product Use for Malaysia through this transition of methodology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Advances in the Preparation, Management, and Review of Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutant Emission Inventories)
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