High-Performance Computing for Atmospheric Modeling (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2026 | Viewed by 1552

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Interests: atmospheric science; computational science; Earth system modeling; high performance computing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: inverse problems; high-performance computing; AI for science; optimal experimental design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the second volume in a series of publications dedicated to “High-Performance Computing for Atmospheric Modeling” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere/special_issues/X13Y2W441O).

The primary objectives of atmospheric modeling are to improve our understanding, prediction, and assessment of atmospheric phenomena, ranging from short-term weather to long-term climate changes, air quality, atmospheric composition, and the interactions between the atmosphere and other components of the Earth system.

High-performance computing (HPC) empowers atmospheric modeling by enabling higher resolutions, complex configurations, ensemble simulations, data assimilation, parameter space exploration, and faster model development. It enhances the accuracy, realism, and scientific understanding of atmospheric processes, thereby improving weather prediction, climate projections, air quality assessments, and our overall knowledge of the Earth's atmosphere.

Developing and maintaining the complex software of atmospheric models for current and future HPC systems is challenging. Collaborations between atmospheric scientists and computational experts are crucial for successfully utilizing HPC in atmospheric modeling.

We invite scientists to contribute original research and review articles on future directions for HPC for atmospheric modeling. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Computational complexity and efficient HPC implementation of numerical algorithms used to simulate the behavior of the atmosphere;
  • Scalability of highly parallel codes, requiring careful load balancing, minimization of communication overhead, and optimization of data transfer between computing units;
  • Code optimization to exploit the full potential of HPC systems, including specialized hardware features such as vectorization, multi-core processors, and accelerators such as GPUs or FPGAs;
  • Studies on software complexity, considering that atmospheric models are large, complex software systems with many interacting components;
  • Efficient data transfer and storage techniques for terabytes to petabytes of data, including meteorological observations and simulation results;
  • Integrating machine learning and AI-driven approaches for model parameterization, data assimilation, uncertainty quantification, and computational efficiency improvements.

Dr. Lars Hoffmann
Prof. Dr. Yi Heng
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • atmospheric modeling
  • numerical weather prediction
  • climate modeling
  • high-performance computing
  • software complexity
  • numerical algorithms
  • performance optimization
  • parallel scalability
  • data management
  • new hardware architectures
  • machine learning
  • AI applications

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2951 KB  
Article
Urban–Rural PM2.5 Dynamics in Kraków, Poland: Patterns and Source Attribution
by Dorota Lipiec, Piotr Lipiec and Tomasz Danek
Atmosphere 2025, 16(10), 1201; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16101201 - 17 Oct 2025
Viewed by 999
Abstract
Hourly PM2.5 concentrations were measured from February to May 2025 by a network of low-cost sensors located in urban Kraków and its surrounding municipalities. Temporal variability associated with the transition from the heating period to the spring months, together with spatial contrasts, [...] Read more.
Hourly PM2.5 concentrations were measured from February to May 2025 by a network of low-cost sensors located in urban Kraków and its surrounding municipalities. Temporal variability associated with the transition from the heating period to the spring months, together with spatial contrasts, were assessed with principal component analysis (PCA), urban–rural difference curves, and a detailed examination of the most severe smog episode (12–13 February). Particle trajectories generated with the HYSPLIT dispersion model, run in a coarse-grained, 36-task parallel configuration, were combined with kernel density mapping to trace emission pathways. The results show that peak concentrations coincide with the heating season; rural sites recorded higher amplitudes and led the urban signal by up to several hours, implicating external sources. Time-series patterns, PCA loadings, and HYSPLIT density fields provided mutually consistent evidence of pollutant advection toward the city. Parallelizing HYSPLIT on nine central processing unit (CPU) cores reduced the runtime from more than 600 s to about 100 s (speed-up ≈ 6.5), demonstrating that routine episode-scale analyses are feasible even on modest hardware. The findings underline the need to extend monitoring and mitigation beyond Kraków’s administrative boundary and confirm that coarse-grained parallel HYSPLIT modeling, combined with low-cost sensor data and relatively basic statistics, offers a practical framework for rapid source attribution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Performance Computing for Atmospheric Modeling (2nd Edition))
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