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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Ocean Climate Modeling and Ocean Circulation
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Ocean Climate Modeling and Ocean Circulation

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 962

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ru Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
Interests: ocean dynamics; mixing and transport; cross-scale energy transfer; AI-based prediction; ocean models and data assimilation; climate change and global warming; satellite observations
Prof. Dr. Guijun Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
Interests: ocean analysis and forecasting; data assimilation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ocean circulation plays a critical role in regulating the global climate and transporting energy and materials. It profoundly influences both the climate system and marine ecosystems. Advances in ocean climate modeling, including numerical models and artificial intelligence (AI), now enable a more accurate simulation and prediction of circulation patterns and their climate feedbacks. This Special Issue seeks contributions on the latest developments in ocean climate modeling and circulation, with emphasis on predictive modeling using numerical and AI-based approaches, model-driven analyses of ocean processes, and interactions between the ocean and other spheres. Submissions exploring subgrid-scale parameterizations that integrate dynamics and AI to enhance model fidelity and computational efficiency are also encouraged. In addition, this Special Issue will address how ocean processes respond to climate change, with a focus on key mechanisms such as circulation variability, heat transport, and carbon cycling. By consolidating research from scientists worldwide, this Special Issue aims to advance the understanding of ocean climate modeling and circulation dynamics, providing essential scientific support for climate change mitigation and sustainable development.

Prof. Dr. Ru Chen
Prof. Dr. Guijun Han
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ocean circulation
  • climate modeling
  • numerical models
  • artificial intelligence (AI)
  • predictive modeling
  • climate change

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 8712 KB  
Article
Resonant Forcing of Oceanic and Atmospheric Rossby Waves in (Sub)Harmonic Modes: Climate Impacts
by Jean-Louis Pinault
Atmosphere 2026, 17(2), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17020127 - 26 Jan 2026
Viewed by 502
Abstract
Baroclinic wave resonance, particularly Rossby waves, has attracted great interest in ocean and atmospheric physics since the 1970s. Research on Rossby wave resonance covers a wide variety of phenomena that can be unified when focusing on quasi-stationary Rossby waves traveling at the interface [...] Read more.
Baroclinic wave resonance, particularly Rossby waves, has attracted great interest in ocean and atmospheric physics since the 1970s. Research on Rossby wave resonance covers a wide variety of phenomena that can be unified when focusing on quasi-stationary Rossby waves traveling at the interface of two stratified fluids. This assumes a clear differentiation of the pycnocline, where the density varies strongly vertically. In the atmosphere, such stationary Rossby waves are observable at the tropopause, at the interface between the polar jet and the ascending air column at the meeting of the polar and Ferrel cell circulation, or between the subtropical jet and the descending air column at the meeting of the Ferrel and Hadley cell circulation. The movement of these air columns varies according to the declination of the sun. In oceans, quasi-stationary Rossby waves are observable in the tropics, at mid-latitudes, and around the subtropical gyres (i.e., the gyral Rossby waves GRWs) due to the buoyant properties of warm waters originating from tropical oceans, transported to high latitudes by western boundary currents. The thermocline oscillation results from solar irradiance variations induced by the sun’s declination, as well as solar and orbital cycles. It is governed by the forced, linear, inviscid shallow water equations on the β-plane (or β-cone for GRWs), namely the momentum, continuity, and potential vorticity equations. The coupling of multi-frequency wave systems occurs in exchange zones. The quasi-stationary Rossby waves and the associated zonal/polar and meridional/radial geostrophic currents modify the geostrophy of the basin. Here, it is shown that the ubiquity of resonant forcing in (sub)harmonic modes of Rossby waves in stratified media results from two properties: (1) the natural period of Rossby wave systems tunes to the forcing period, (2) the restoring forces between the different multi-frequency Rossby waves assimilated to inertial Caldirola–Kanai (CK) oscillators are all the stronger when the imbalance between the Coriolis force and the horizontal pressure gradients in the exchange zones is significant. According to the CK equations, this resonance mode ensures the sustainability of the wave systems despite the variability of the forcing periods. The resonant forcing of quasi-stationary Rossby waves is at the origin of climate variations, as well-known as El Niño, glacial–interglacial cycles or extreme events generated by cold drops or, conversely, heat waves. This approach attempts to provide some new avenues for addressing climate and weather issues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocean Climate Modeling and Ocean Circulation)
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