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Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications
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Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 5664

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Rongwei Fan

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
National Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
Interests: lasers; solid-state lasers; tunable lasers; LiDAR; laser-induced fluorescence

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser technology is widely used and has enabled significant progress in both laser technology itself and various laser application fields, such as industrial, medical, commercial, scientific research, and information. Lasers have continuously made breakthroughs in areas such as high power, narrow pulse width, wavelength tuning, and high beam quality, which also promoted technological progress in fields such as laser detection and processing. In short, there are many noteworthy advancements and breakthroughs in laser technology and applications.

This Special Issue on “Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications” discusses the recent efforts and advances made for laser technology and its various applications. We welcome scientific contributions in this domain, including (but not restricted to) the following:

  • Advanced laser technology;
  • LiDAR, advanced technologies, and methods in the field of laser ranging and imaging;
  • High-precision and high-sensitivity spectral detection technology;
  • The advanced laser processing technologies, such as laser welding, laser machining interior contour, laser cutting, and laser carving;
  • Advanced photodetectors;
  • Advanced beam shaping technology;
  • Data processing methods and technologies in the field of laser applications.

Prof. Dr. Rongwei Fan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser
  • laser applications
  • photoelectric device
  • laser system

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 4465 KiB  
Article
Phase Transition and Controlled Zirconia Implant Patterning Using Laser-Induced Shockwaves
by Inomjon Majidov, Yaran Allamyradov, Salizhan Kylychbekov, Zikrulloh Khuzhakulov and Ali Oguz Er
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(1), 362; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010362 - 2 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 801
Abstract
Zirconia is increasingly favored for dental implants owing to its corrosion resistance, hypoallergenic properties, and superior esthetics, but its biocompatibility remains a challenge. This study explores laser-assisted surface modification to enhance zirconia bioactivity. Zirconia transitions from the monoclinic to the tetragonal phase during [...] Read more.
Zirconia is increasingly favored for dental implants owing to its corrosion resistance, hypoallergenic properties, and superior esthetics, but its biocompatibility remains a challenge. This study explores laser-assisted surface modification to enhance zirconia bioactivity. Zirconia transitions from the monoclinic to the tetragonal phase during sintering, with mixed phases observed in the pre-sintered stage. These transitions are critical for understanding its structural stability and malleability. Grid patterns were imprinted on the green body implant surface using a 1064 nm Nd-YAG laser (Continuum Surelite II, San Jose, CA, USA), with mesh sizes ranging from 7 to 50 µm and depths up to 2 µm, controlled by varying laser fluence, irradiation time, and templates. SEM, AFM, and XRD analyses were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystallography. Protein adsorption studies compared two patterned samples with different surface coverage—the first sample had a patterned area of 0.212 cm2 (27%), while the second sample had a patterned area of 0.283 cm2 (36%)—to a control sample. Protein adsorption increased by 92% in the first and 169% in the second sample, demonstrating a direct correlation between increased pattern area and bioactivity. Enhanced protein adsorption facilitates cell attachment and growth, which are crucial for improving osseointegration. These results underscore the potential of laser-assisted surface modification to optimize zirconia’s performance as a medical implant material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications)
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13 pages, 3074 KiB  
Article
Correlation of Laser-Accelerated Electron Energy with Electromagnetic Pulse Emission from Thin Metallic Targets
by Aurelian Marcu, Mihai Stafe, Andreea Groza, Mihai Serbanescu, Razvan Ungureanu, Gabriel Cojocaru, Constantin Diplasu, Bogdan Mihalcea, Mihai Ganciu, Constantin Negutu, Georgiana Giubega and Niculae Puscas
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010029 - 24 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 690
Abstract
High-power pulsed lasers are used more and more as tools for particle acceleration. Characterization of the accelerated particles in real-time and monitoring of the electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) during particle acceleration are critical challenges in laser acceleration experiments. Here, we used the CETAL-PW laser [...] Read more.
High-power pulsed lasers are used more and more as tools for particle acceleration. Characterization of the accelerated particles in real-time and monitoring of the electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) during particle acceleration are critical challenges in laser acceleration experiments. Here, we used the CETAL-PW laser facility at NILPRP for particle acceleration from different thin metallic targets, at laser intensities of the order of 3×1021 W/cm2. We investigated the dependence of EMP amplitude (EMPA) and the accelerated electrons’ maximal energy (AEME), on thickness, resistivity, and atomic number of the target. We have found a quasi-linear dependence between EMPA and AEME and propose an analytical model for the GHz EMP emission. The model considers the neutralization current flowing through the target stalk as the main source of the EMP in the GHz domain, the current being produced by the positive charge accumulated on the target after the electron’s acceleration from the rear side of a metallic target. The data presented here support the possibility of using EMP signals to characterize the laser-accelerated particles in a real-time non-invasive way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications)
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9 pages, 1950 KiB  
Article
PIC Simulation of Enhanced Electron Acceleration in a Double Nozzle Gas Target Using Spatial–Temporal Coupling with Axiparabola Optics
by Valdas Girdauskas, Vidmantas Tomkus, Mehdi Abedi-Varaki and Gediminas Račiukaitis
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10611; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210611 - 18 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 808
Abstract
In this paper, the results of a Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation of electrons accelerated using a 10 fs Top-hat (TH) beam with a limited pulse energy of 85 mJ, focused on a double nozzle gas target using an off-axis parabola (OAP), an axiparabola (AXP), [...] Read more.
In this paper, the results of a Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation of electrons accelerated using a 10 fs Top-hat (TH) beam with a limited pulse energy of 85 mJ, focused on a double nozzle gas target using an off-axis parabola (OAP), an axiparabola (AXP), and an axiparabola with additional spatial–temporal coupling (AXP+STC), are discussed. The energy of accelerated electrons was predominantly determined through self-focusing and the ionisation injection effects of the laser beam propagating in plasma. The maximal energy of electrons accelerated using an AXP+STC could be higher by 12% compared to the energy of electrons accelerated by the regular OAP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications)
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11 pages, 3579 KiB  
Article
Design and Validation of a Long-Range Streak-Tube Imaging Lidar System with High Ranging Accuracy
by Chaowei Dong, Zhaodong Chen, Zhigang Fan, Xing Wang, Lansong Cao, Pengfei Hao, Zhiwei Dong, Rongwei Fan and Deying Chen
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(19), 8835; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14198835 - 1 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1188
Abstract
The Streak-Tube Imaging Lidar (STIL) has been widely used in high-precision measurement systems due to its ability to capture detailed spatial and temporal information. In this paper, we proposed a ranging measurement method that integrates a Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) with a streak camera [...] Read more.
The Streak-Tube Imaging Lidar (STIL) has been widely used in high-precision measurement systems due to its ability to capture detailed spatial and temporal information. In this paper, we proposed a ranging measurement method that integrates a Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) with a streak camera in a remote STIL system. In this method, the TDC accurately measures the trigger pulse time, while the streak camera captures high time-resolution images of the laser echo, thereby enhancing both measurement accuracy and range. A corresponding ranging model is developed for this method. To validate the system’s performance, an outdoor experiment covering a distance of up to 6 km was conducted. The results demonstrate that the system achieved a distance measurement accuracy of 0.1 m, highlighting its effectiveness in long-range applications. The experiment further confirms that the combination of STIL and TDC significantly enhances accuracy and range, making it suitable for various long-range, high-precision measurement tasks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications)
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Review

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17 pages, 2214 KiB  
Review
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Molecular Biomarkers in Breath Using THz-IR Spectroscopy and Machine Learning
by Akim Tretyakov, Denis Vrazhnov, Alexander Shkurinov, Viacheslav Zasedatel and Yury Kistenev
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11521; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411521 - 11 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1190
Abstract
Exhaled air contains volatile molecular compounds of endogenous origin, being products of current metabolic pathways. It can be used for medical express diagnostics through control of these compounds in the patient’s breath using molecular absorption spectroscopy. The fundamental problem in this field is [...] Read more.
Exhaled air contains volatile molecular compounds of endogenous origin, being products of current metabolic pathways. It can be used for medical express diagnostics through control of these compounds in the patient’s breath using molecular absorption spectroscopy. The fundamental problem in this field is that the composition of exhaled air or other gas mixtures of natural origin is unknown, and content analysis of such spectra by conventional iterative methods is unpredictable. Machine learning methods enable the establishment of latent dependencies in spectral data and the conducting of their qualitative and quantitative analysis. This review is devoted to the most effective machine learning methods of exhaled air sample absorption spectra qualitative and content analysis. The focus is on interpretable machine learning methods, which are important for reliable medical diagnosis. Also, the steps additional to the standard machine learning pipeline and important for medical decision support are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Laser Technologies and Their Applications)
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