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Cardiovascular Disease of Animals: Pathophysiology, Anatomy, Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 3513

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland
2. Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland
Interests: arteries; carotid arteries; vascular diseases; maxillary artery; basilar artery; blood; ruminants; ruminant

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Guest Editor
1. Head of Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
2. Institute of Veterinary Medicine; Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
3. Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
4. Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
Interests: molecular biology; primary culture; long term culture; stem cells; microarray; in vitro maturation; development; proloferation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce the launch of “Cardiovascular Disease of Animals: Pathophysiology, Anatomy, Diagnosis and Treatment”, a Special Issue of the journal Applied Sciences.

Veterinary medicine is a vast field of science that constantly faces new challenges. The development of veterinary cardiology, especially in the field of small animals, is related to the increasing expectations of pet owners regarding the diagnosis and treatment of their pets. This is made possible by the broader use of modern diagnostic techniques, which are becoming increasingly common. Numerous scientific studies are being conducted on experimental animals directly related to using the results in human medicine.

In this Special Issue, we encourage everyone to share the results of their studies in pathophysiology, pathomorphology, anatomy, diagnosis and treatment of animals’ cardiovascular diseases.

In this Special Issue, “Cardiovascular Disease of Animals: Pathophysiology, Anatomy, Diagnosis and Treatment”, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Angiology;
  • Animal anatomy;
  • Cardiology;
  • Cardiovascular diseases;
  • Congenital heart diseases; 
  • Diagnostics in cardiovascular diseases;
  • Echocardiography;
  • Heart diseases;
  • Image techniques;
  • Pathological anatomy;
  • Pathophysiology;
  • Teaching;
  • Treatments for cardiovascular diseases.

Dr. Maciej Zdun
Prof. Dr. Bartosz Kempisty
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anatomy
  • pathological anatomy
  • pathophysiology
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • heart
  • vessels
  • blood

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1328 KiB  
Article
Heart Rate and Rhythm Changes in Dogs Treated in a Hyperbaric Oxygen Chamber
by Szymon Graczyk, Wojciech Łunkiewicz, Arkadiusz Grzeczka, Dorota Zyśko, Robert Pasławski and Urszula Pasławska
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(21), 9963; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14219963 - 31 Oct 2024
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Abstract
In veterinary medicine, hyperbaric oxygen chamber treatment (HBOT) is gaining popularity. Therefore, an increasing number of patients referred for this therapy are being recorded, mainly due to ischemic events, wound healing support, and a high risk of reperfusion damage. During the HBOT procedure, [...] Read more.
In veterinary medicine, hyperbaric oxygen chamber treatment (HBOT) is gaining popularity. Therefore, an increasing number of patients referred for this therapy are being recorded, mainly due to ischemic events, wound healing support, and a high risk of reperfusion damage. During the HBOT procedure, several changes occur in the body’s micro- and macroenvironments. This study involved 34 dogs of various ages and health statuses. The atmospheric conditions in the test hyperbaric chamber included a pressure of 1.5 atmosphere absolute (ATA) at 100% oxygenation. The individuals were divided into three groups: (1) individuals with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD), (2) individuals with diseases other than cardiac issues, and (3) healthy individuals who qualified for the HBOT procedure. The period of measurement using the Holter apparatus was divided into four stages: 30 min before the subject’s placement in the hyperbaric chamber; a 4-min compression period (setting chamber conditions); a 90 min HBOT period; and a 1 min decompression period of the hyperbaric chamber. During the HBOT, there was a statistically significant decrease in heart rate in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1. The heart rate in group 1 remained unchanged through every period of the study. In addition, some of the dogs developed respiratory arrhythmia; in two dogs, premature ventricle beats occurred. The changes observed during the ventricular period indicate that the HBOT procedure causes a significant change in heart rate in dogs without cardiac diseases. Full article
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26 pages, 8450 KiB  
Article
Lymphatic Vessel Remodeling in the Hearts of Ang II-Treated Obese db/db Mice as an Integral Component of Cardiac Remodeling
by Aleksandra Flaht-Zabost, Elżbieta Czarnowska, Ewa Jankowska-Steifer, Justyna Niderla-Bielińska, Tymoteusz Żera, Aneta Moskalik, Mateusz Bartkowiak, Krzysztof Bartkowiak, Mateusz Tomczyk, Barbara Majchrzak, Daria Kłosińska, Hanna Kozłowska, Bogdan Ciszek, Magdalena Gewartowska, Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska and Anna Ratajska
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(19), 8675; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14198675 - 26 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Cardiac lymphatic vessels (LyVs) are suggested to be important players in cardiovascular disease-associated myocardial remodeling. However, there is a gap in the knowledge of whether LyV remodeling is an integral component of cardiac remodeling, especially in obesity associated with other comorbidities, including increased [...] Read more.
Cardiac lymphatic vessels (LyVs) are suggested to be important players in cardiovascular disease-associated myocardial remodeling. However, there is a gap in the knowledge of whether LyV remodeling is an integral component of cardiac remodeling, especially in obesity associated with other comorbidities, including increased levels of circulating angiotensin II (Ang II). We studied the structural alterations in the myocardium and LyVs in Ang II-treated db/db mice compared with db/db mice and Ang II-treated wild-type mice with histopathological imaging methods, confocal microscopy, ultrastructural morphology, and morphometric analysis. We demonstrated that Ang II-treated db/db mice exhibited significantly increased fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and local edema compared with untreated db/db mice; however, the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was similar to that in Ang II-treated control mice. The decreased density of the LyVs and their wall shape alterations, with disorganized anchoring filaments, widened junctional gaps, decreased numbers of cytoplasmic vesicles indicative of a leaky phenotype, and increased basement membrane (BM) thickness, were observed in Ang II-treated db/db mice compared with Ang II-treated controls. Our findings revealed a structural basis for intensive LyV remodeling in association with cardiac remodeling in obesity. Full article
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Review

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15 pages, 835 KiB  
Review
Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs: Current Insights into the Histological Manifestation and Its Determining Factors
by Arkadiusz Grzeczka, Urszula Pasławska, Szymon Graczyk, Paulina Antosik, Marcin Zawadzki and Robert Pasławski
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(6), 2577; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14062577 - 19 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1752
Abstract
Pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH) is caused by deteriorating left ventricular function. The most common cause of PVH in dogs is myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD). It causes left ventricular volume overload and an increase in left atrial and pulmonary venous pressure (PVH), which [...] Read more.
Pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH) is caused by deteriorating left ventricular function. The most common cause of PVH in dogs is myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD). It causes left ventricular volume overload and an increase in left atrial and pulmonary venous pressure (PVH), which leads to pulmonary vascular wall remodeling and contributes to the perpetuation and worsening of PVH. Pulmonary vascular wall remodeling is also characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the changes in PVH arise secondary to heart failure and vascular remodeling progresses as the disease progresses. On the other hand, PAH is a primary disease that can be triggered, for example, by the use of certain drugs. Similar structural changes may suggest the influence of similar pathophysiological mechanisms or the intermediation of similar mediators. Therefore, this article discusses recent and hitherto uncommented findings elucidating the pathophysiology of the processes and influences on the pattern of histological changes observed in pulmonary hypertension secondary to degenerative mitral valve disease. In particular, we focus on the activity of factors such as endothelin, serotonin, and nitric oxide, which are involved in pulmonary vascular wall remodeling in both PVH and PAH. Full article
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