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Advances in Vehicle Dynamics and Road Safety: Technologies, Simulations and Applications, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Transportation and Future Mobility".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2026) | Viewed by 8080

Editors

Prof. Dr. Edgar Sokolovskij

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Transport Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VILNIUS TECH), Plytinės Str. 25, LT-10105 Vilnius
Interests: vehicle dynamics; road safety; road accidents analysis, modelling and expertise
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vidas Žuraulis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Transport Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VILNIUS TECH), Plytinės Str. 25, LT-10105 Vilnius
Interests: vehicle dynamics; road safety; road accidents analysis; vehicle active and passive safety; road user behaviour
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The smooth operation of the transport sector is inseparable from advances in vehicle design. This is achieved by enhancing the dynamics and performance of vehicles, as well as presenting technical solutions that improve road safety. Moreover, it is important to analyze the movement of vehicles, traffic flow and road accident data during certain driving conditions to enhance the effective operation of transport. Active, passive and integral vehicle safety is constantly being improved, and various measures that ensure road safety are being developed; however, this research remains relevant, as appoximately 1.19 million people die on roads every year. Therefore, this Special Issue welcomes the submission of articles that address the development and evaluation of recent technological solutions, their application and their modelling in relation to vehicle dynamics, road safety and accident analysis.

This Special Issue will focus on recent advances in the field, particularly those related to vehicle dynamics and safety, road safety, accident analysis, simulation and reconstruction. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • vehicle dynamics and their operational characteristics;
  • road safety: technologies, simulations and applications;
  • road accidents analysis, modelling and reconstruction;
  • active, passive and integral vehicle safety;
  • traffic flow planning and optimization;
  • technical solutions for traffic organisation and problems of their application;
  • road user behaviour and the influence of human factors on road safety;
  • the transportation of dangerous goods;
  • connected and autonomous vehicles;
  • alternative solutions in road safety research.

Prof. Dr. Edgar Sokolovskij
Dr. Vidas Žuraulis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vehicle dynamics
  • road safety
  • accidents analysis
  • accidents reconstruction
  • active safety
  • passive safety
  • traffic flows
  • traffic organization
  • dangerous goods
  • autonomous vehicles
  • human factor

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2052 KB  
Article
Modeling Road User Interactions with Dynamic Graph Attention Networks for Traffic Crash Prediction
by Shihan Ma and Jidong J. Yang
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(3), 1260; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16031260 - 26 Jan 2026
Viewed by 697
Abstract
This paper presents a novel deep learning framework for traffic crash prediction that leverages graph-based representations to model complex interactions among road users. At its core is a dynamic Graph Attention Network (GAT), which abstracts road users and their interactions as evolving nodes [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel deep learning framework for traffic crash prediction that leverages graph-based representations to model complex interactions among road users. At its core is a dynamic Graph Attention Network (GAT), which abstracts road users and their interactions as evolving nodes and edges in a spatiotemporal graph. Each node represents an individual road user, characterized by its state as features, such as location and velocity. A node-wise Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is employed to capture the temporal evolution of these features. Edges are dynamically constructed based on spatial and temporal proximity, existing only when distance and time thresholds are met for modeling interaction relevance. The GAT learns attention-weighted representations of these dynamic interactions, which are subsequently used by a classifier to predict the risk of a crash. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed GAT-based method achieves 86.1% prediction accuracy, highlighting its effectiveness for proactive collision risk assessment and its potential to inform real-time warning systems and preventive safety interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vehicle Dynamics and Road Safety: Technologies, Simulations and Applications, 2nd Edition)
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25 pages, 13905 KB  
Article
Comparison of Occupant Risk Indices in Rear-End Collisions with RIG and TMA
by Byung-Kab Moon, Kyoung-Ju Kim, Jong-Chan Kim and Dooyong Cho
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(23), 12849; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312849 - 4 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 693
Abstract
Rear-end collisions involving maintenance vehicles remain a critical source of severe injuries and fatalities in highway work zones. Existing studies on Rear Impact Guards (RIGs) and Truck-Mounted Attenuators (TMAs) have primarily relied on vehicle-based acceleration metrics or low-speed tests, leaving uncertainty regarding their [...] Read more.
Rear-end collisions involving maintenance vehicles remain a critical source of severe injuries and fatalities in highway work zones. Existing studies on Rear Impact Guards (RIGs) and Truck-Mounted Attenuators (TMAs) have primarily relied on vehicle-based acceleration metrics or low-speed tests, leaving uncertainty regarding their performance under high-energy impact conditions. This study investigates occupant injury risk and vehicle crash behavior through full-scale frontal impact tests conducted at 80 km/h using a 2002 Renault SM520 passenger car against (1) a truck equipped with a RIG and (2) the same truck equipped with a TMA. Hybrid III 50th percentile ATDs, high-speed imaging, and multi-axis accelerometers were employed to measure occupant kinematics and injury responses. Occupant Risk Indices (THIV (Theoretical Head Impact Velocity), ASI (Acceleration Severity Index), PHD (Post-impact Head Deceleration), and ORA (Occupant Ridedown Acceleration)) and the ATD-based HIC36 were evaluated to assess crash severity. The RIG test exhibited severe underride, resulting in an HIC36 value of 1810, far exceeding the FMVSS 208 limit. In contrast, the TMA significantly reduced occupant injury risk, lowering HIC36 by 83.5%, and maintained controlled vehicle deceleration without compartment intrusion. Comparisons between FSM-based indices and ATD-measured injury responses revealed discrepancies in impact timing and occupant motion, highlighting limitations of current evaluation methodologies. The findings demonstrate the necessity of high-speed testing and ATD-based injury assessment for accurately characterizing RIG/TMA performance and provide evidence supporting improvements to roadside safety hardware standards and work-zone protection strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vehicle Dynamics and Road Safety: Technologies, Simulations and Applications, 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 265 KB  
Article
Gender Differences in DUI Crash Injury Severity: A Partially Constrained Random-Parameter Logit Model Analysis
by Yanqun Yang, Zhendong Huang, Said M. Easa, Ibrahim El-Dimeery and Wei Lin
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(21), 11362; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152111362 - 23 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1177
Abstract
Driving under the influence (DUI) has long been recognized as a major contributor to traffic accidents. However, the factors influencing the severity of crashes in DUI situations may vary significantly between genders due to physiological and psychological differences. This study analyzes DUI single-vehicle [...] Read more.
Driving under the influence (DUI) has long been recognized as a major contributor to traffic accidents. However, the factors influencing the severity of crashes in DUI situations may vary significantly between genders due to physiological and psychological differences. This study analyzes DUI single-vehicle crash data from Texas to construct a random-parameter logit model that captures gender-specific differences in crash severity. A partially constrained method is employed to better identify these gender-specific factors, emphasizing the importance of separately assessing DUI behavior for males and females in traffic safety analysis. The results reveal notable gender differences in the severity of injuries from DUI crashes. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted from four perspectives: driver characteristics, vehicle features, roadway conditions, and environmental factors. Out-of-sample simulations provided additional insights, showing that even at lower blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels, the probability of severe injury increases significantly. In conclusion, this study not only uncovers the gender-specific mechanisms behind DUI crash severity but also offers valuable empirical evidence for integrating gender considerations into future traffic safety policies and interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vehicle Dynamics and Road Safety: Technologies, Simulations and Applications, 2nd Edition)
39 pages, 17551 KB  
Article
Determining Factors Influencing Operating Speeds on Road Tangents
by Juraj Leonard Vertlberg, Marijan Jakovljević, Borna Abramović and Marko Ševrović
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7549; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137549 - 4 Jul 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1866
Abstract
Road traffic accidents remain a critical global issue with approximately 1.19 million fatalities each year, on which excessive and inappropriate speeds contribute significantly. Managing vehicle speeds is essential for improving road safety, yet predicting and understanding operating speeds remains a challenge. Among different [...] Read more.
Road traffic accidents remain a critical global issue with approximately 1.19 million fatalities each year, on which excessive and inappropriate speeds contribute significantly. Managing vehicle speeds is essential for improving road safety, yet predicting and understanding operating speeds remains a challenge. Among different road elements, tangents play a crucial role, as they serve as transition segments between curves and allow for free acceleration, making them particularly relevant for speed management and road design. This study investigates the operating speeds on both single- and dual-carriageway road tangents to identify the key influencing factors. Data were collected from 24 single-carriageway and 20 dual-carriageway road tangents in Croatia, comprising a total of 14,854 speed observations (filtered sample size). The analysis focuses on the impact of geometric, traffic, and roadside environment characteristics on operating vehicle speeds. The results reveal that for single-carriageway road tangents, the most influential factors were traffic volume and terrain type, while for dual-carriageway road tangents, the factors traffic flow density, average summer daily traffic, and heavy goods vehicle share. These findings provide essential insights for the future development of operating speed prediction models, enhancing road design guidelines, and improving speed management strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vehicle Dynamics and Road Safety: Technologies, Simulations and Applications, 2nd Edition)
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27 pages, 3865 KB  
Article
Service Management of Employee Shuttle Service Under Inhomogeneous Fleet Constraints Using Dynamic Linear Programming: A Case Study
by Metin Mutlu Aydin, Edgar Sokolovskij, Piotr Jaskowski and Jonas Matijošius
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 4604; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15094604 - 22 Apr 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2840
Abstract
Traffic congestion is becoming an increasing problem due to the rapid growth of the population. In the current situation, the mode choice of the people has a direct impact on traffic density. For this reason, many studies have been carried out by researchers [...] Read more.
Traffic congestion is becoming an increasing problem due to the rapid growth of the population. In the current situation, the mode choice of the people has a direct impact on traffic density. For this reason, many studies have been carried out by researchers and planners to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. Various strategies have been proposed, such as incentives for public transport, parking restrictions, parking pricing and car sharing. It is very important that these strategies are implemented by the institutions in order to reduce traffic during the commuting hours, which coincide with the rush hour. Especially in areas such as shipyards and industrial zones, which are far from the city center and relatively difficult to reach but which provide employment opportunities for thousands of people, a shuttle service is one of the most preferred strategies to discourage employees from using private cars. However, in companies with thousands of employees, this situation generates costs that cannot be ignored. The examined case study similarly needs to optimize and reduce operational costs related to fuel consumption, maintenance and tax expenses by optimizing the number of two different types of service vehicles required for employee transportation at the Yalova Shipyard. For this aim, a dynamic linear programming (DLP) model was used to achieve a cost-effective, sustainable and demand-responsive shuttle service. According to the analysis results, it was concluded that the annual fuel cost of the vehicles will be reduced by 33.9%, the maintenance cost by 35.2% and the annual tax cost by 49.3% by disposing of the unneeded vehicles (27%) in the studied Yalova Shipyard. Taking all these positive improvements into account, it is clear that the optimization study significantly reduces the costs incurred by the service. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vehicle Dynamics and Road Safety: Technologies, Simulations and Applications, 2nd Edition)
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