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Applied Sciences
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Innovative Approaches to Non-Destructive Evaluation
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Innovative Approaches to Non-Destructive Evaluation

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 1275

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Luciana Di Gennaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo 1, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Interests: structural analysis; numerical modelling; FEM analysis; structural health monitoring; masonry structures; architectural heritage; structural safety assessment; strain transducers; optical fibre sensors; lifetime structural monitoring; Brillouin; pull-off tests; acoustic emission
Dr. Giovanni Loreto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Architecture, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, 640 Polytechnic Ln, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
Interests: non-destructive evaluation test; acoustic emission; advanced structural forms; novel material applications; high-performance construction systems; sustainable practises
Dr. Mariateresa Guadagnuolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Abbazia di San Lorenzo ad Septimum, Via S. Lorenzo 1, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Interests: structural analysis; numerical modelling; fem analysis; diagnostics; masonry structures; architectural heritage; structural safety assessment; non-destructive techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques are essential tools for assessing, monitoring, and preserving engineering structures. These methods enable the characterisation of materials, the detection of internal or surface defects, and the observation of structural behaviour over time, without causing damage, allowing for structural health monitoring (SHM) of the components under investigation. As such, they play a crucial role in both the early diagnosis of deterioration processes and the continuous monitoring of performance throughout the service life of a structure. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in NDE technologies, including developing high-resolution sensors, real-time acquisition systems, and data-driven interpretation tools. The increasing complexity of modern and historical constructions has also led to the integrating of multiple techniques into hybrid systems capable of capturing complementary diagnostic information. This Special Issue is dedicated to recent developments in the field of NDE, with a particular focus on methodological innovation, interdisciplinary approaches, and application to civil and structural engineering works. Relevant topics include acoustic emission, ultrasonic testing, infrared thermography, digital image correlation, laser scanning, radar-based inspection, and fibre optic sensing. Contributions addressing multi-sensor strategies, AI-enhanced analysis, and case studies involving real-world structures are particularly welcome. Both original research and review articles will be considered.

Dr. Luciana Di Gennaro
Dr. Giovanni Loreto
Dr. Mariateresa Guadagnuolo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • NDE
  • SHM
  • multi-sensor strategies
  • AI-enhanced analysis
  • diagnosis
  • structures

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 3453 KB  
Article
High-Frame-Rate Camera-Based Vibration Analysis for Health Monitoring of Industrial Robots Across Multiple Postures
by Tuniyazi Abudoureheman, Hayato Otsubo, Feiyue Wang, Kohei Shimasaki and Idaku Ishii
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(23), 12771; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312771 - 2 Dec 2025
Viewed by 182
Abstract
Accurate vibration measurement is crucial for maintaining the performance, reliability, and safety of automated manufacturing environments. Abnormal vibrations caused by faults in gears or bearings can degrade positional accuracy, reduce productivity, and, over time, significantly impair production efficiency and product quality. Such vibrations [...] Read more.
Accurate vibration measurement is crucial for maintaining the performance, reliability, and safety of automated manufacturing environments. Abnormal vibrations caused by faults in gears or bearings can degrade positional accuracy, reduce productivity, and, over time, significantly impair production efficiency and product quality. Such vibrations may also disrupt supply chains, cause financial losses, and pose safety risks to workers through collisions, falling objects, or other operational hazards. Conventional vibration measurement techniques, such as wired accelerometers and strain gauges, are typically limited to a few discrete measurement points. Achieving multi-point measurements requires numerous sensors, which increases installation complexity, wiring constraints, and setup time, making the process both time-consuming and costly. The integration of high-frame-rate (HFR) cameras with Digital Image Correlation (DIC) enables non-contact, multi-point, full-field vibration measurement of robot manipulators, effectively addressing these limitations. In this study, HFR cameras were employed to perform non-contact, full-field vibration measurements of industrial robots. The HFR camera recorded the robot’s vibrations at 1000 frames per second (fps), and the resulting video was decomposed into individual frames according to the frame rate. Each frame, with a resolution of 1920 × 1080 pixels, was divided into 128 × 128 pixel blocks with a 64-pixel stride, yielding 435 sub-images. This setup effectively simulates the operation of 435 virtual vibration sensors. By applying mask processing to these sub-images, eight key points representing critical robot components were selected for multi-point DIC displacement measurements, enabling effective assessment of vibration distribution and real-time vibration visualization across the entire manipulator. This approach allows simultaneous capture of displacements across all robot components without the need for physical sensors. The transfer function is defined in the frequency domain as the ratio between the output displacement of each robot component and the input excitation applied by the shaker mounted on the end-effector. The frequency–domain transfer functions were computed for multiple robot components, enabling accurate and full-field vibration analysis during operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Approaches to Non-Destructive Evaluation)
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Review

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33 pages, 7138 KB  
Review
Comparative Analysis of Properties and Behaviour of Scaffolding Joints and Anchors
by Amin Ramezantitkanloo, Dariusz Czepiżak and Michał Pieńko
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(19), 10371; https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910371 - 24 Sep 2025
Viewed by 740
Abstract
Scaffolds are temporary structures that workers usually use during building or repair work. These structures can be built in different shapes and types depending on the type of joints to which the beams and columns of the scaffolds are connected. Due to their [...] Read more.
Scaffolds are temporary structures that workers usually use during building or repair work. These structures can be built in different shapes and types depending on the type of joints to which the beams and columns of the scaffolds are connected. Due to their temporary nature, they are very sensitive to vibration under dynamic or static actions, and this causes many accidents and unstable behaviours in them. This unstable behaviour has different reasons, including bracing conditions and slenderness of the columns, stiffness of joints and anchors, imperfections in the construction, damage and corrosion due to climate change, etc. This article aims to reanalyse the mechanical properties of scaffold joints and anchors and obtain some critical factors in the overall stability of the mentioned structures, including load-bearing capacity, initial stiffness, energy absorption, and ductility. To this aim, some recent research on scaffolds has been summarised and discussed, and then the failure mode and mechanical behaviour of the scaffolds in different types of scaffold joints and anchors have been estimated and considered from previous studies. Moreover, some mechanical properties, including ductility, initial stiffness, and energy absorption, have been estimated and developed based on the force-displacement curves of previous studies. The results highlight the crucial importance of the mechanical properties and behaviour of anchors and joints in estimating the behaviour and stability of scaffolds. The results also revealed that determining the mechanical characteristics of the mentioned elements can have a significant influence on the optimisation and design of scaffolds more accurately and predictably. Moreover, determining the mechanical properties of the anchors and joints can enhance our insights and understanding of how the mentioned parameters can improve the behaviour, stability, and safety of the scaffold structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Approaches to Non-Destructive Evaluation)
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