Physiological Responses of Fishes to Nutrition Management and Environmental Stresses—Second Edition

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 610

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Research Center for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, Hungary
Interests: non-specific immune response; immunostimulants; disease resistance; stress and immune response
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E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Center for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, Hungary
Interests: fish feed composition; feed additives; oxidative stress; antioxidants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aquaculture industry is becoming an increasingly important source of fish and other kinds of seafood as capture fish industry declines due to the exploitation of wild stocks. Due to increasing demands, fish farming systems will become more intensive and industrialized, resulting in a more stressful environment for farmed fish. Crowding, handling, hypoxia and hyperoxia are typical stressors that have detrimental effects on the physiological functions of fish, affecting growth, disease resistance and survival. Therefore, it is important to gain a better understanding of the effect of different stressors and the stress resistance of various farmed fish species. High-quality feeds are also crucial for intensive aquaculture. The composition of formulated feeds has substantial effects on growth or flesh quality, as well as the physiological functions of fish. Using adequate feed ingredients or additives can increase the resistance of fish, decreasing or eliminating the negative effects of various stressors related to intensive rearing conditions.

We encourage authors to share new information on the physiological responses of fishes to nutrition management and environmental stresses in this Special Issue.

Dr. László Ardó
Dr. Janka Nagyné Biró
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • environmental stress
  • aquaculture
  • stress resistance
  • feed composition
  • feed additives
  • fish physiology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1210 KiB  
Article
Effects of Feed Additives (Nannochloropsis gaditana and Hermetia illucens) on Growth and Expression of Antioxidant and Cytokine Genes in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Subjected to Air Exposure Stress
by László Ardó, Zsuzsanna J. Sándor, Márton Orbán, János Szakáli, Janka Biró, Anita Annamária Szűcs, Gyula Kovács, Michelle Lévai, Balázs Gregosits, Zsuzsanna Brlás-Molnár and Emese Békefi
Animals 2025, 15(12), 1776; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121776 - 17 Jun 2025
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Abstract
A 7-week feeding trial was conducted with Nile tilapia juveniles with an average body weight of 143.5 ± 3.1 g in a cage system in order to test the effect of different feed additives on growth performance, antioxidant defense system, and immune status [...] Read more.
A 7-week feeding trial was conducted with Nile tilapia juveniles with an average body weight of 143.5 ± 3.1 g in a cage system in order to test the effect of different feed additives on growth performance, antioxidant defense system, and immune status of fish. For this reason, experimental diets were formulated with inclusion of two different additives containing bioactive compounds, namely Nannochlorophsis gaditana in 3.5% (diet EXP-A) and black soldier fly larvae meal (diet EXP-I) in 3.5%, and compared with a diet supplemented with a mixture of two different commercial compounds (Yang and Syrena Boost) in 0.4% (diet EXP-S). As a negative control, a commercially available feed (Nongteng, Laos) for tilapia was selected. At the end of the feeding trial, production parameters and expression of genes related to the antioxidant defense system and innate immune response were studied. Furthermore, following the feeding, air exposure stress for 5 min was administered to the fish, and similar parameters were assessed. Results indicated that all diets promoted adequate fish growth (SGR 1.67–1.81 g day−1) and feed utilization (FCR 1.29–1.57 g g−1) with no significant (p < 0.05) differences in these parameters between the dietary fish groups. Expression of genes sod, cat, and gpx significantly increased in the liver samples of the EXP-A group at the end of feeding. Following air exposure, the EXP-A group maintained a significantly higher level of antioxidant-related gene expression compared to other treatments. Subsequently, gpx upregulation was observed in the EXP-S group in the post-stress stage compared to pre-stress. Based on our results, we recommend the inclusion of any of the tested additives at the evaluated doses to enhance the non-specific immune response of Nile tilapia. Additionally, Nannochloropsis gaditana at a 3.5% inclusion level can be used to further improve antioxidant defense capacity. Full article
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