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Animals
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Bovine Infectious Disease and Immunity
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Bovine Infectious Disease and Immunity

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Cattle".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 5872

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yoichiro Horii

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
Interests: parasitic diseases and immunity; infectious disease control in large animals
Prof. Dr. Junzo Norimine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
2. Centre for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
Interests: viral infection and immunity
Prof. Dr. Naoaki Misawa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
Interests: bacteriology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of “Bovine Infectious Disease and Immunity” focuses on the clinical, epidemiological and immunological aspects of interesting infectious cattle diseases caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria. Original and review articles regarding the diagnosis, pathology, chemotherapy and control strategy of infectious diseases caused by the above-listed pathogens are welcome.

Parasitic infections: Coccidian infections cause watery to hemorrhagic diarrhea in young cattle, involving complicated symptoms such as intestinal bacterial flora. Cryptosporidium induces severe diarrhea in calves with no effective chemotherapy treatment established. Theileria spp. and Babesia spp. are blood parasites causing anemia in grazing cattle. All these infections have an economic impact.

Viral infections: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine papilloma virus (BPV) are interesting infections, as they are known to silently cause an economical loss in cattle, highlighting the importance of studying the diseases’ prevalence and control strategies, these infections also having immunologically interesting features challenging for vaccine development.

Bacterial infection: Focusing on complicated bacterial hoof diseases such as bovine digital dermatitis causing lesions with complicated bacterial populations, it is important to establish a control strategy using chemotherapy and/or vaccination for all these infectious diseases, the scope of this Special Issue including infections from wild animals to domestic cattle.

Prof. Dr. Yoichiro Horii
Prof. Dr. Junzo Norimine
Prof. Dr. Naoaki Misawa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coccidium
  • cryptosporidium
  • theileria
  • babesia
  • bovine leukemia virus (BLV)
  • bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)
  • bovine papilloma virus (BPV)
  • bovine digital dermatitis
  • chemotherapy
  • vaccination
  • clinical symptom
  • diagnosis
  • pathology
  • control strategy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2198 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Analyses of the Bacterial Population in Non-Healing Claw Lesions of Dairy Cattle
by Kaoru Hori, Takako Taniguchi, Trigan Elpita, Rathanon Khemgaew, Satomi Sasaki, Yasuhiro Gotoh, Ichiro Yasutomi and Naoaki Misawa
Animals 2022, 12(24), 3584; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12243584 - 18 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1760
Abstract
Non-healing claw lesions (NHCLs) are a newly characterized disorder affecting the deep dermis of the hoof in dairy cattle. Although NHCLs are thought to be associated with bovine digital dermatitis (BDD), their precise etiology is not yet understood. To investigate the bacterial populations [...] Read more.
Non-healing claw lesions (NHCLs) are a newly characterized disorder affecting the deep dermis of the hoof in dairy cattle. Although NHCLs are thought to be associated with bovine digital dermatitis (BDD), their precise etiology is not yet understood. To investigate the bacterial populations present in each type of NHCL (toe necrosis: TN, non-healing white line disease: nhWLD, and a non-healing sole ulcer: nhSU), and the newly added entity non-healing verrucous-like lesions (nhVLL), 16S rRNA-based metagenomic analysis with next-generation sequencing (NGS) was employed. Twelve cases of NHCLs (3 TN, 3 nhWLD, 4 nhSU, and 2 nhVLL) were collected from five dairy farms in two prefectures in Japan. Three samples of healthy hoof dermis collected from two farms and a slaughterhouse were used as controls. Furthermore, culture-dependent and -independent approaches were conducted for detecting Treponema species and Fusobacterium necrophorum. As reported in BDD, Treponema species and F. necrophorum were detected frequently from NHCLs by PCR and immunohistochemistry, but NGS showed that these bacterial genera were not predominant in NHCLs. The predominant bacterial genera in NHCLs differed among the lesions examined, suggesting that Treponema species present predominantly in BDD were not predominant in NHCLs and that the bacterial population in NHCLs may vary among individual cattle and/or farms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bovine Infectious Disease and Immunity)
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10 pages, 2345 KiB  
Article
Genetic Diversity of Bovine Group A Rotavirus Strains Circulating in Korean Calves during 2014 and 2018
by Gyu-Nam Park, SeEun Choe, Ra Mi Cha, Jihye Shin, Ki-Sun Kim, Byung-Hyun An, Song-Yi Kim, Bang-Hun Hyun and Dong-Jun An
Animals 2022, 12(24), 3555; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12243555 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1067
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate annual changes in BoRVA strains by examining the VP4 and VP7 genes of rotaviruses in Korean calves. Between 2014 and 2018, 35 out of 138 samples of calf diarrhea feces collected nationwide were positive for [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate annual changes in BoRVA strains by examining the VP4 and VP7 genes of rotaviruses in Korean calves. Between 2014 and 2018, 35 out of 138 samples of calf diarrhea feces collected nationwide were positive for BoRVA. Further genetic characterization of the VP7 and VP4 genes of 35 BoRVA isolates identified three different G-genotypes (G6, G8, and G10) and two different P genotypes (P[5] and P[11]). The G6 genotype was most common (94.3%) in BoRVA-positive calves, followed by the P[5] genotype (82.9%). Four genotypes comprised combinations of VP4 and VP7: 80% were G6P[5], 14.2% were G6P[11], 2.9% were G8P[5], and 2.9% were G10P[11]. Susceptibility to infection was highest in calves aged < 10 days (35%) and lowest in calves aged 30–50 days (15.4%). The data presented herein suggest that the G6P[5] genotype is the main causative agent of diarrhea in Korean calves. In addition, it is predicted that G6P[5] will continue to act as a major cause of diarrhea in Korean calves. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bovine Infectious Disease and Immunity)
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17 pages, 5483 KiB  
Article
Testing Two Somatic Cell Count Cutoff Values for Bovine Subclinical Mastitis Detection Based on Milk Microbiota and Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Transcriptome Profile
by Jinning Zhang, Wenlong Li, Yongjie Tang, Xueqin Liu, Hailiang Zhang, Yueling Zhou, Yachun Wang, Wei Xiao and Ying Yu
Animals 2022, 12(13), 1694; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131694 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2032
Abstract
Somatic cell count (SCC) is an important indicator of the health state of bovine udders. However, the exact cut-off value used for differentiating the cows with healthy quarters from the cows with subclinical mastitis remains controversial. Here, we collected composite milk (milk from [...] Read more.
Somatic cell count (SCC) is an important indicator of the health state of bovine udders. However, the exact cut-off value used for differentiating the cows with healthy quarters from the cows with subclinical mastitis remains controversial. Here, we collected composite milk (milk from four udder quarters) and peripheral blood samples from individual cows in two different dairy farms and used 16S rRNA gene sequencing combined with RNA-seq to explore the differences in the milk microbial composition and transcriptome of cows with three different SCC levels (LSCC: <100,000 cells/mL, MSCC: 100,000–200,000 cells/mL, HSCC: >200,000 cells/mL). Results showed that the milk microbial profiles and gene expression profiles of samples derived from cows in the MSCC group were indeed relatively easily discriminated from those from cows in the LSCC group. Discriminative analysis also uncovered some differentially abundant microbiota at the genus level, such as Bifidobacterium and Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, which were more abundant in milk samples from cows with SCC below 100,000 cells/mL. As for the transcriptome profiling, 79 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to have the same direction of regulation in two sites, and functional analyses also showed that biological processes involved in inflammatory responses were more active in MSCC and HSCC cows. Overall, these results showed a similarity between the milk microbiota and gene expression profiles of MSCC and HSCC cows, which presented further evidence that 100,000 cells/ml is a more optimal cut-off value than 200,000 cells/mL for intramammary infection detection at the cow level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bovine Infectious Disease and Immunity)
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