Physiological Responses of Maize to Abiotic Stress

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2026 | Viewed by 510

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
Interests: heat and drought stresses; adaptation to stress; yield formation; physiology; regulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
Interests: maize; abiotic stress; plant hormones; physiology; regulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the climate changes, the frequency, intensity, and co-occurrence of abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, and flooding are projected to escalate and become more severe. Maize, a vital global crop, faces yield losses from intensifying abiotic stresses, severely threatening food security. To confront escalating abiotic stresses, maize has evolved integrated physiological mechanisms for resilience. A deeper and more comprehensive understanding of maize’s physiological dynamics under abiotic stresses and the underlying resilience mechanisms is of crucial importance to breed climate-resilient varieties and develop stress adaptive agronomic practices.

This Special Issue compiles advances in maize stress physiology to decode adaptation mechanisms that sustain growth and yield under abiotic stress. It aims to present deeper physiological investigation of maize under stress responses, including but not limited to cellular redox regulation, osmotic adjustment, stomatal regulation and photosynthesis, omics response (metabolic shifts, transcriptomic changes, microbial community variations, etc.), and regulatory measures. These insights will support physiology-driven crop adaptation strategies and advance climate resilient breeding efforts. All types of articles, such as original research articles, opinions, and reviews, are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Ruixin Shao
Dr. Yongchao Wang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • maize
  • abiotic stress
  • physiological responses
  • biochemical responses
  • transcriptomics
  • stress tolerance and adaption

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 2203 KB  
Article
Application of Exogenous 24-Epibrassinolide at the Silking Stage Alleviates the Effects of Post-Silking Heat Stress on Photosynthetic Performance of Waxy Maize
by Jiawei Liu, Jing Li, Jian Guo, Huan Yang, Guanghao Li and Dalei Lu
Agriculture 2025, 15(23), 2445; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15232445 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 271
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) during the grain-filling stage severely limits yield in waxy maize by impairing leaf physiology and suppressing photosynthetic capacity. Although exogenous brassinosteroids are recognized for enhancing thermotolerance, their specific role in sustaining photosynthetic performance in waxy maize under HS has not [...] Read more.
Heat stress (HS) during the grain-filling stage severely limits yield in waxy maize by impairing leaf physiology and suppressing photosynthetic capacity. Although exogenous brassinosteroids are recognized for enhancing thermotolerance, their specific role in sustaining photosynthetic performance in waxy maize under HS has not been thoroughly investigated. This study investigated whether exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (BR) application could alleviate HS-induced damage in two waxy maize hybrids. Plants were exposed to HS with/without BR treatment over two growing seasons. Yield components, photosynthetic parameters, chloroplast ultrastructure, antioxidant enzyme activities, and physiological traits were analyzed. HS during the grain-filling stage significantly reduced maturity yields (SYN5: −42.8%; YN7: −39.0%) by impairing photosynthetic efficiency, chloroplast integrity, antioxidant capacity, and the translocation amount and rate of vegetative organs photosynthate after pollination. Chloroplasts exhibited structural disorganization and pronounced swelling. Photosynthetic pigment content and enzyme activities (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase) declined, while reactive oxygen species accumulation increased. Exogenous BR substantially restored yields by preserving the chloroplast ultrastructure, enhancing photosynthetic function, reactivating antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate, catalase, superoxide dismutase), and reducing oxidative damage. BR also optimized hormone balance (reduced abscisic acid, increased indole-3-acetic acid) and elevated soluble protein/sugar contents. Meanwhile, BR reversed the negative effects of HS on dry matter accumulation and translocation. SYN5 suffered greater HS damage but exhibited stronger BR-mediated recovery than YN7. In conclusion, BR application mitigates HS by protecting the chloroplast structure, boosting photosynthetic resilience, and activating antioxidant defenses, offering a strategy to safeguard waxy maize productivity under HS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Responses of Maize to Abiotic Stress)
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