Immuno, Volume 5, Issue 4

T cells and B cells are central components of the adaptive immune system, orchestrating immune responses through a complex network of interactions. This review explores the dynamic interplay between T and B cells, focusing on their development, activ...

Angioedema (AE) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by acute, localized, non-pitting edema of the skin, mucosa, and submucosal tissues, with potentially life-threatening airway involvement. This comprehensive review aims to provide an updated...

Autoimmune disease (AD) is a breakdown of self-tolerance by the immune system and has a variety of clinical manifestations and complications across all organ systems. One of the targets for treatment of AD aims at reducing inflammation and upregulati...

The exact role of nitric oxide (NO) in the complex interplay between the host and Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) parasite remains uncovered. While much has been revealed about the role of the inducible isoenzyme (iNOS) in different parasitic infe...

Filarial parasites are long-lived organisms that cause extreme morbidity due to pathological manifestations, including lymphedema, hydrocele, and elephantiasis. Understanding the hosts’ immune responses to filarial parasites is crucial to devel...

The clinical features and outcomes of adult acute leukemia (AL)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (AL-HLH) remain insufficiently characterized. We retrospectively analyzed 45 adult patients diagnosed with AL-HLH between December 2019 and...

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease in which cytotoxic T cells contribute to tissue damage through dysregulated effector pathways. CD107a (LAMP-1) serves as a functional marker of CD8+ T-cell degranul...

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) play a crucial role in the cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells, encompassing both inhibitory and activating types. A higher ratio of cytotoxic to inhibitory receptors may harm successful pr...

Nearly 10% of IVF patients experience repeated implantation failure (RIF). Although several meta-analyses report improved outcomes following peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) administration, the uterine mechanisms remain poorly understood. We...

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune condition traditionally recognized for its gastrointestinal symptoms. However, growing evidence indicates that CD can also affect social and emotional health, particularly among children. This narrative rev...