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Volume 8
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10.3390/heritage8020073
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Article

Virtual 3D Reconstruction Hypothesis of the Mural Decorations in the Sala de los Amores, Castulo Archeological Site (Linares, Jaén, Spain)

by
Ana Carrasco-Huertas
1,*,
Ana I. Calero-Castillo
1,
David Domínguez Rubio
2 and
Teresa López-Martínez
1
1
Department of Painting, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Granada, Avenida de Andalucía, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
2
Conservation-Restoration Specialist of Cultural Heritage, 18071 Granada, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Heritage 2025, 8(2), 73; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage8020073
Submission received: 19 December 2024 / Revised: 7 February 2025 / Accepted: 11 February 2025 / Published: 14 February 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Data Environment in Current Cultural Heritage 3D Digitization Practices)
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Abstract

The advancement of digital techniques and reduced costs have greatly facilitated their integration into cultural heritage preservation. These technologies are especially valuable in archaeology, where detailed documentation is crucial. However, minimal intervention in restorations often limits public understanding of archaeological spaces, making digital tools essential for enhancing engagement. An example is the study and the virtual hypothesis of the mural decorations in the Sala del Mosaico de los Amores, located in the Castulo Archaeological Site (Linares, Jaén, Spain), dated to the late first and early second centuries AD. The hall originally featured an elaborate wall decoration, now largely lost due to the collapse of its walls, leaving only a few fragments in situ. Using SfM photogrammetry, the hall and the original paintings and cornices—restored in a laboratory—were documented and virtually reassembled. This process employed precise color calibration and dimensional scaling to ensure the faithful recreation of the original appearance. In addition to the anastylosis of the surviving fragments, a virtual reconstruction hypothesis was developed, offering the public an immersive visualization of how the space would have looked in its original state.
Keywords: digital; virtual 3D reconstruction; hypothesis; anastylosis; mural paintings; cornices; restoration; cultural heritage digital; virtual 3D reconstruction; hypothesis; anastylosis; mural paintings; cornices; restoration; cultural heritage

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MDPI and ACS Style

Carrasco-Huertas, A.; Calero-Castillo, A.I.; Domínguez Rubio, D.; López-Martínez, T. Virtual 3D Reconstruction Hypothesis of the Mural Decorations in the Sala de los Amores, Castulo Archeological Site (Linares, Jaén, Spain). Heritage 2025, 8, 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage8020073

AMA Style

Carrasco-Huertas A, Calero-Castillo AI, Domínguez Rubio D, López-Martínez T. Virtual 3D Reconstruction Hypothesis of the Mural Decorations in the Sala de los Amores, Castulo Archeological Site (Linares, Jaén, Spain). Heritage. 2025; 8(2):73. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage8020073

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carrasco-Huertas, Ana, Ana I. Calero-Castillo, David Domínguez Rubio, and Teresa López-Martínez. 2025. "Virtual 3D Reconstruction Hypothesis of the Mural Decorations in the Sala de los Amores, Castulo Archeological Site (Linares, Jaén, Spain)" Heritage 8, no. 2: 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage8020073

APA Style

Carrasco-Huertas, A., Calero-Castillo, A. I., Domínguez Rubio, D., & López-Martínez, T. (2025). Virtual 3D Reconstruction Hypothesis of the Mural Decorations in the Sala de los Amores, Castulo Archeological Site (Linares, Jaén, Spain). Heritage, 8(2), 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage8020073

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