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Proceedings, 2025, FHS Research Day 2025

Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day

Polokwane, South Africa| 17–18 September 2025

Volume Editors:
Takalani Grace Tshitangano, University of Limpopo, South Africa
Daniel Ter Goon, University of Limpopo, South Africa

Number of Papers: 52
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Cover Story (view full-size image): The Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day held on September 17–18, 2025, in Polokwane, South Africa, brought together interdisciplinary experts to exchange innovative research and [...] Read more.
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Editorial

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3 pages, 129 KB  
Editorial
Statement of Peer Review
by Takalani Grace Tshitangano and Daniel Ter Goon
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130051 - 27 Feb 2026
Viewed by 243
Abstract
In submitting conference proceedings to Proceedings, the Volume Editors of the proceedings would like to certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review by the designated expert referees and were administered by the [...] Read more.
In submitting conference proceedings to Proceedings, the Volume Editors of the proceedings would like to certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review by the designated expert referees and were administered by the Volume Editors strictly following the policies announced on the conference website [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
3 pages, 490 KB  
Editorial
Preface of the Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day
by Takalani Grace Tshitangano and Daniel Ter Goon
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130052 - 27 Feb 2026
Viewed by 156
Abstract
This conference volume presents the proceedings of the Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day (FHS Research Day 2025), held at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, from 17 to 18 September 2025 [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
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Research

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2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Adults in Selected DIMAMO Villages in Capricorn District, Limpopo, South Africa
by Muneiwa Mbedzi and Tshifhiwa S. Netshapapame
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130001 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 397
Abstract
Background: Globally, Human Immunodeficiency Virus continues to pose a serious threat to public health, particularly in South Africa, where socioeconomic factors are linked to the prevalence of infection [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Schizophrenia Prevalence and Associated Factors in Psychiatry Outpatients at Mankweng Hospital
by Unathi Tefo
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130002 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 580
Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic, disabling psychiatric disorder affecting approximately 24 million people worldwide [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 129 KB  
Abstract
Association of the Framingham Risk Model and Sub-Clinical Atherosclerosis as Measured by Carotid Intima Media Thickness in DIMAMO Health Demographic Surveillance System, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Dinah Mohlele, Solomon Ramphai Choma, Matimba Ringane and Tumelo Satekge
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130003 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 468
Abstract
Background: Numerous CVD risk assessment models exist to estimate the 10-year risk of CVD for individuals; among these, the Framingham risk model is notable [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Factors Contributing to Low Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus at Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Lesotho
by Bonang Sejana and Tshifhiwa S. Netshapapame
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130004 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 406
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is a public health concern, as a vast number of women are dying from it in Southern Africa [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Influence of Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) on Dating Related Stress Among Learner Nurses in the University of Limpopo, South Africa
by Gsakani Olivia Sumbane, Ledile Edith Manamela and Leshata Winter Mokhwelepa
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130005 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 342
Abstract
Background: Work-integrated learning is crucial in nursing education because it enables learner nurses to connect theoretical knowledge with practical experience [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 131 KB  
Abstract
Evaluation of Skip the Queue Intervention Implemented to Reduce Patient Waiting Times at an Outpatient Pharmacy of a Tertiary Hospital in Gauteng Province, South Africa
by Nkekolo Maifo, Manimbulu Nlooto and Rajesh Vagiri
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130006 - 17 Nov 2025
Viewed by 491
Abstract
Background: Long waiting times have a negative impact on patients, including loss of income, reduced medication adherence, the risk of drug resistance, and deterioration of their health [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 132 KB  
Abstract
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Bloemfontein Residents Regarding Disposal of Unused Medicine
by Corné Coetzee, Johannes Neuhoff and Rajesh Vagiri
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130007 - 17 Nov 2025
Viewed by 223
Abstract
Background: Disposal of medicine is regulated by the Medicines and Related Substances Act 101 of 1965 [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 117 KB  
Abstract
Occupational Hazard Exposures and Its Effect on the Mental Health Among Farmworkers at Maruleng Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Letladi Moagi
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130008 - 17 Nov 2025
Viewed by 476
Abstract
Background: Farmworkers are exposed to multiple occupational hazards from farm fields, machinery, and pesticides while performing their agricultural duties [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Mental Health Challenges and Health-Seeking Behaviours Among High School Adolescents in Lepelle Circuit, Limpopo Province, South Africa: Pilot Study
by Joyous Matsekoleng, Gsakani Olivia Sumbane and Lina Sebolaisi Hlahla
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130009 - 17 Nov 2025
Viewed by 469
Abstract
Background: Mental health problems in adolescents are caused by and linked to several negative outcomes, including subpar academic performance, a low quality of life, and an elevated risk of substance misuse [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Understanding Rural Women’s Perspectives on the Impact of Mobile Clinic Health Services in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Cathrine Mokganyetji Mohlala, Livhuwani Muthelo and Pamela Mamogobo
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130010 - 18 Nov 2025
Viewed by 405
Abstract
Background: Mobile health clinic services are free primary healthcare services for sections of the population living in disadvantaged communities [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Developing a Collaborative Strategy of Healthcare Professionals and Patients to Improve the Quality of Health Service Delivery at a District Hospital, Gauteng Province, South Africa
by Nyanisi Mhlongo, Masenyani Oupa Mbombi and Mamare Adelaide Bopape
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130011 - 18 Nov 2025
Viewed by 226
Abstract
Background: Patients’ satisfaction has always been used to measure the effectiveness of healthcare delivery, whilst the perspectives of healthcare professionals on overall healthcare quality and the challenges they experience are rarely considered and investigated [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 106 KB  
Abstract
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Towards Medical Practitioners with Disabilities in the Limpopo Province
by Mpho Maenetja
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130012 - 18 Nov 2025
Viewed by 324
Abstract
Background: Disability inclusion in the healthcare system is essential to promote diversity and improve quality health service delivery in South African public hospitals [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 118 KB  
Abstract
Prevalence of Depression and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Young Women at DIMAMO in Limpopo Province (2021–2022)
by Moshia Mashilo Benjamin and Netshapapame Tshifhiwa Sinky
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130013 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 194
Abstract
Introduction: Since depression in young pregnant women affects both mothers and their unborn children, it is a serious public health concern [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Transitional Support Needs for Newly Qualified Registered Nurses at Selected Public Health Care Facilities in Ba-Phalaborwa Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Thabelo Divy Nemahunguni, Ledile Edith Manamela and Melitah Molatelo Rasweswe
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130014 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 305
Abstract
Background: Globally, inadequate transition processes for newly qualified registered nurses (NQRNs) contribute to high attrition rates, professional dissatisfaction, and poor patient outcomes [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Experiences of Women with a History of Parasuicide in the Selected District Hospital in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
by Winile Simangele Zita and Gsakani Olivia Sumbane
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130015 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 318
Abstract
Background: Parasuicide is a serious health problem worldwide, it is also the third leading cause of death among women aged between 15 and 35 years [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 128 KB  
Abstract
Dietary Practices of Recreational Sports Participants in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Rendani Ramashidzha, Sefora Hazel Makuse and Sylven Masoga
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130016 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 403
Abstract
Background: Recreational sports for fitness have grown in popularity in South Africa [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 122 KB  
Abstract
Silent Expressions: Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Realities of Incarcerated Women in a South African Correctional Facility
by Molatelo Melitah Rasweswe, Tebogo Maria Mothiba, Mamare Adelaide Bopape and Mosotho Zenia Tshivule
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130017 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 241
Abstract
Introduction: Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are internationally recognized as essential human rights [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Challenges Experienced by Professional Nurses Regarding the Implementation of Multidisciplinary Care in Primary Healthcare Facilities, Greater Letaba Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Machaba Loydonia, Tau Mpho and Mamogobo Pamela
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130018 - 20 Nov 2025
Viewed by 395
Abstract
Background: Multidisciplinary care in primary healthcare allows teams of healthcare providers to work together towards the provision of quality patient care [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Caregiver’s Perspectives Regarding Play as an Occupation for Children with Cerebral Palsy in Mankweng Tertiary Hospital, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Junior Phuti Dzivhani, Denise Franzsen, Lyndsay Koch and Lebogang Maseko
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130019 - 21 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1762
Abstract
Background: Caregivers significantly influence play for children with cerebral palsy by adapting the environment and creating opportunities for engagement [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Individual Factors Associated with Substance Use Among Rural High School Learners in Limpopo, South Africa
by Eric Mamukeyani, Takalani Joyce Mashamba and Tshifhiwa Sinky Netshapapame
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130020 - 21 Nov 2025
Viewed by 316
Abstract
Background: [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Experiences of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Relation to Self-Care Management in the Province of Limpopo, South Africa
by Thembi Julia Motsepe, Gsakani Olivia Sumbane and Takalani Edith Mutshatshi
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130021 - 21 Nov 2025
Viewed by 325
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is the third leading cause of non-communicable diseases in South Africa that can be prevented by promoting preventive and control measures [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
De Novo Histoid Leprosy Mimicking Xanthoma Disseminatum in a Malawian Male
by Agnes Ramadimetja Sema-Ramashala and Ramolapo Antony Molapo
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130022 - 24 Nov 2025
Viewed by 234
Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis with protean mucocutaneous manifestations [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Factors Impeding Professional Nurse-Led Entrepreneurship: A Scoping Review
by Malwandla Hlungwani, Ledile Edith Manamela, Melitah Molatelo Rasweswe and Leshata Winter Mokhwelepa
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130023 - 24 Nov 2025
Viewed by 807
Abstract
Introduction: Innovation in healthcare is increasingly vital, yet nursing entrepreneurship remains underutilized globally, with only 0 [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 132 KB  
Abstract
Computational and Experimental Validation of Aloe Vera Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa PsrA in Interventive Antibacterial Therapeutics
by Karabo Ramatapa, Mduduzi Mokoena, Ivy Rukasha and Sabiu Saheed
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130024 - 24 Nov 2025
Viewed by 353
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multidrug-resistant pathogen, employs biofilm formation as a key virulence strategy, complicating treatment [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 118 KB  
Abstract
Navigating the Strategies Used by Managers to Support Midwives Experiencing Adverse Events in a Selected District of Gauteng Province, South Africa
by Rebotile V. Morobe, Thifhelimbilu I. Ramavhoya and Mamare A. Bopape
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130025 - 24 Nov 2025
Viewed by 166
Abstract
Background: Midwives in South African public hospitals, particularly in Gauteng Province, operate in high-pressure environments where adverse events (AEs) such as maternal deaths can occur despite best practices [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Contributory Factors Leading to Poor Utilisation of HIV Counselling and Testing Among Male Students at the University of Limpopo, South Africa
by Thifhelimbilu. I. Ramavhoya and Mamoeng. N. Kgatla
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130026 - 24 Nov 2025
Viewed by 224
Abstract
Background: HIV counselling and testing (HCT) are critical components in the prevention and management of HIV/AIDS [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Male Learner Nurses’ Perceptions of the Nursing Profession: A Study at a Selected Nursing Education Institution in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Mamoeng N. Kgatla and Thifhelimbilu I. Ramavhoya
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130027 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 201
Abstract
Background: This study explored the views of male student nurses regarding the profession of nursing, highlighting that opinions are influenced by both their personal experiences and behavioral observations of nurses [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Women Regarding Gender-Based Violence in the Capricorn District, Limpopo Province, South Africa: A Secondary Data Analysis
by Sendrah Sibuyi and Takalani Joyce Mashamba
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130028 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 297
Abstract
Introduction: [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 118 KB  
Abstract
Midwives’ Perceptions of Digital Applications for Adolescent Maternal Depression in DIMAMO, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Peaceful Nonkululeko Ntshayintshayi, Livhuwani Muthelo, Mamare Adelaide Bopape and Linneth Nkateko Mabila
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130029 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 321
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the growing availability of digital platforms aimed at providing mental health support to adolescents, the uptake and utilization of these platforms remain minimal in primary healthcare facilities in the Limpopo province [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 125 KB  
Abstract
Assessing the Immune-Modulatory Effects of Indigenous Plants on Lymphocytes and Neutrophils
by Kgothatso Ashley Rakgate and Mxolisi Justice Ndlovu
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130030 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 419
Abstract
Background: Infectious diseases continue to pose a worldwide health issue, intensified by the capacity of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to elude host immune responses through mechanisms involving biofilm formation, intracellular survival, and the release of cytolytic toxins [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 109 KB  
Abstract
Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Mopani District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Bongi Donisa Khosa, Ditope Anna Rabodiba and Sefora Hazel Moshoaneng Makuse
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130031 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 458
Abstract
Background: Adequate knowledge of glycaemic control can promote healthier dietary choices, while a positive attitude toward dietary management may help regulate blood glucose levels [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Impact of Community-Based Complementary Feeding Education Program on Child-Feeding Knowledge and Practices of Caregivers at Polokwane Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Maishataba Solomon Makwela, Lindelani Fhumudzani Mushaphi and Lufuno Makhado
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130032 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 304
Abstract
Background: Optimal infant nutrition depends on smooth transition to appropriate complementary feeding [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 121 KB  
Abstract
Integrating Entrepreneurship into the Postgraduate Nursing Education in the South African Context: A Realist Literature Review
by Ledile E. Manamela, Ramadimetja S. Mooa, Melitah M. Rasweswe, Hafaza B. Amod and Winkie M. Siebane
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130033 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 354
Abstract
Introduction: [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 118 KB  
Abstract
Factors Influencing the Sexual and Reproductive Risky Behaviour Among Youth in Africa: A Scoping Review
by Kagiso Racoco, M. M. Rasweswe and M. M. Moagi
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130034 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 364
Abstract
Background: Sexual and reproductive risky behaviour among youth has been extensively studied, with various interconnected factors identified as contributing influences [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 121 KB  
Abstract
Neurological Manifestations of Cryoglobulinemia: A Rare but Overlooked Condition in South Africa
by Diketso Mahlare Lekganyane and Kataka Ngwakwana Prudence
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130035 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 476
Abstract
Background: Cryoglobulinemia is a rare immune-mediated condition, in which abnormal proteins (cryoglobulins) precipitate at cold temperatures, leading to blood vessel inflammation. It affects approximately 1 in 100,000 individuals globally and often goes undiagnosed due to its overlapping symptoms with common conditions such as [...] Read more.
Background: Cryoglobulinemia is a rare immune-mediated condition, in which abnormal proteins (cryoglobulins) precipitate at cold temperatures, leading to blood vessel inflammation. It affects approximately 1 in 100,000 individuals globally and often goes undiagnosed due to its overlapping symptoms with common conditions such as stroke. When the central nervous system (CNS) is involved—primarily in Type 2 cryoglobulinemia—it can cause serious neurological events, including seizures, confusion, and stroke-like episodes. Despite this, there is limited awareness and minimal research on this condition in South Africa. Objective: The aims of this study were to describe neurological manifestations of cryoglobulinemia using global case reports, evaluate outcomes associated with delayed diagnosis, and highlight the importance of early detection in patients with unexplained neurological symptoms. Methods: A qualitative systematic review of published case reports (2015–2024) was conducted. The study focused on adults (≥18 years) who were diagnosed with cryoglobulinemia involving CNS manifestations. Reports from hospital-based studies in Europe, North America, and Asia were retrieved from medical databases. Data on symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes were summarized numerically and by identifying common patterns. Results: Seventeen relevant cases were identified. The most common neurological symptoms were ischemic stroke (35%), reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome (24%), seizures (18%), and intracranial hemorrhage (12%). Most cases were associated with Type 2 cryoglobulinemia. Neuroimaging frequently revealed vasculitis, infarcts, or cerebral edema. All patients received immunosuppressive therapy, mainly corticosteroids. Outcomes showed that 76% improved, 12% partially recovered, and 12% died—mostly due to delayed diagnosis. Conclusions: Neurological involvement in cryoglobulinemia is uncommon but potentially fatal. Stroke-like presentations dominate due to vasculitis injury and vascular occlusion. Early diagnosis significantly improves outcomes, while delays can be deadly. Increased clinical awareness is essential in South Africa, where this condition is rarely reported. Clinicians should consider cryoglobulinemia as a possible cause in patients presenting with unexplained neurological symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Ethical Issues Faced by Registered Nurses at Selected Public Clinics of Mopani District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Tsakani Agnes Nyambi, Gsakani Olivia Sumbane and Ledile Edith Manamela
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130036 - 28 Nov 2025
Viewed by 481
Abstract
Background: Ethics is an integral part of the nursing profession, forming the foundation thereof [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 129 KB  
Abstract
Nodules in the Skin and Muscles: A Case of Disseminated Cysticercosis with Multiorgan Involvement
by Agnes Ramadimetja Sema-Ramashala, Mikovhe Karyn Rafumbedzani and Thinti Johanna Moreroa
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130037 - 1 Dec 2025
Viewed by 218
Abstract
Background: Cysticercosis is a parasitic infestation caused by the larval form of a cestode, Taenia solium (pork tapeworm), which form cysts in various human tissues/organs, often in the brain (neurocysticercosis) [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Nurses’ Experiences During Assessment and Documentation of Mental Healthcare Users During Admission at Selected Hospitals of Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Mulalo Muvhango, Thabo Arthur Phukubye and Takalani Edith Mutshatshi
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130038 - 2 Dec 2025
Viewed by 296
Abstract
Background: Nursing assessment and documentation for mental health care users (MHCUs) are essential components of mental health care, vital for ensuring patient safety, effective treatment planning, and high-quality service delivery [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Role of Community Health Nurses in Addressing HIV/AIDS Treatment Interruption Rate Among Young Adult Patients in Sesobe Cluster, Bojanala District, Northwest, South Africa
by Mahlakhu J. Serebane, Pholosho Selowa, Mxolisi W. Ngwenya, Tebogo M. Mothiba and Livhuwani Muthelo
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130039 - 3 Dec 2025
Viewed by 597
Abstract
Background: Young adults are heavily impacted by HIV, with poor healthcare retention and high mortality [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 109 KB  
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease in South Africa: Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Challenges, and Future Directions
by Belinda Mokgadi Mokgehle and Takalani Grace Tshitangano
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130040 - 3 Dec 2025
Viewed by 748
Abstract
Background: [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 112 KB  
Abstract
Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Leprosy Patients at Mankweng Hospital, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Agnes Ramadimetja Sema-Ramashala, Rendani Mavhungu and Matome Abel Lekoloana
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130041 - 4 Dec 2025
Viewed by 588
Abstract
Background: [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 108 KB  
Abstract
Experiences of Family Caregivers Living with Substance User in Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
by Johannes Caleni and Takalani J. Mashamba
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130042 - 8 Dec 2025
Viewed by 187
Abstract
Background: Substance use is a multidimensional public health challenge that affects individuals, families, and communities, and its impact extends beyond the user [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 119 KB  
Abstract
Cultural Determinants of Mental Health Problems as Perceived by Health Care Sciences Students at a Selected University in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Mosabi Tolerance Ratsoma, Thabo Arthur Phukubye and Gsakani Olivia Sumbane
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130043 - 11 Dec 2025
Viewed by 394
Abstract
Background: The diverse cultures found worldwide have a significant impact on various aspects of mental health [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 130 KB  
Abstract
Evaluation of Health Service Quality Using the SERVQUAL Model at a University Health Centre, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Agnes Ramadimetja Sema-Ramashala and Peter Mphekgwana
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130044 - 15 Dec 2025
Viewed by 410
Abstract
Background: Health institutions, particularly public hospitals, continue to be cash cows for medico-legal practitioners owing to patients not receiving services as promised [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 129 KB  
Abstract
Association Between Cataract and Visual Function in Elderly Patients at Rethabile Health Centre in Capricorn District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Makombela Moses Moshe, Mashala Dimakatso Given and Mathebula Solani David
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130045 - 26 Dec 2025
Viewed by 367
Abstract
Background: Owing to aging, the human eye goes through changes, which include the
loss of transparency of the crystalline lens, a clear structure inside the eye that is responsible
for clarity of vision by focusing light rays onto the retina. [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 117 KB  
Abstract
Challenges Faced by Teachers When Teaching Learners with Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Special Schools in the Capricorn District, Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Keorapetse L. Ralebapa and Mokoko P. Kekana
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130046 - 26 Dec 2025
Viewed by 369
Abstract
Background: Teachers of learners with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) encounter various challenges that impact learners’ educational outcomes [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Exploring the Management Modalities for a Paediatric Population Presenting with Binocular Vision Anomalies in Public Health Care Facilities in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Maribeng Ennie Raesibe, Mathebula Solani David and Ramaja Joas
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130047 - 6 Jan 2026
Viewed by 266
Abstract
Background: Misdiagnosing and mismanaging accommodative and vergence anomalies can result in patients experiencing a poor quality of life due to poor visual status, particularly in the paediatric population [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 121 KB  
Abstract
Eye Safety Practices and Knowledge of Occupational Hazards Among Workers in Selected Quarry Mines in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Thudzelani Mukwevho and Lawrence Sithole
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130048 - 8 Jan 2026
Viewed by 357
Abstract
Background: Quarry mining is an important contributor in the greater context of economic growth in many developing countries, including South Africa [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 120 KB  
Abstract
Mental Health Intervention Program to Support Children with Epilepsy in Selected Public Hospitals in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Khomotso Jeanette Mola, Mamare Adelaide Bopape, Tebogo Maria Mothiba and Miriam Moagi
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130049 - 27 Jan 2026
Viewed by 371
Abstract
Background: Epilepsy, a common neurological disorder in childhood, has been linked to an increased risk of developing mental disorders [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
2 pages, 108 KB  
Abstract
Loss to Follow-Up Among Patients Living with HIV in Selected Public Clinics Under the DIMAMO Surveillance Area in Capricorn District of Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Tsakani M. Maluleke
Proceedings 2025, 130(1), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025130050 - 12 Feb 2026
Viewed by 285
Abstract
Background: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) has been reported as a recurrent challenge affecting the success of antiretroviral treatment among HIV-infected patients in low- and middle-income countries [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Faculty of Health Sciences: 8th Annual Research Day)
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