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Instruments, Volume 9, Issue 3

2025 September - 7 articles

Cover Story: Faraday Cups (FCs) are essential beam diagnostic devices for charged particle accelerators and related experiments. By measuring the total charge of a particle beam, they provide precise data on beam current and spatial or temporal density information critical for safe, high-performance accelerator operation. This paper discusses their versatility across particle accelerators, mass spectrometry, space propulsion, fusion research, and antimatter studies. Advances in collector materials, electronics, and data acquisition have improved sensitivity and accuracy, while persistent challenges in calibration and error reduction mean that FCs are an active area of innovation. View this paper
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Articles (7)

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,037 Views
20 Pages

Maintaining physiologically controlled conditions during the transport of biological experiments remains a long-standing but under-addressed challenge in spaceflight operations. Pre-launch thermal or mechanical stress induce artefacts that compromise...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
14,966 Views
56 Pages

Faraday Cups: Principles, Designs, and Applications Across Scientific Disciplines—A Review

  • Bharat Singh Rawat,
  • Narender Kumar,
  • Debdeep Ghosal,
  • Daliya Aflyatunova and ,
  • Benjamin Rienäcker and
  • Carsten. P. Welsch
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Beam diagnostics are essential tools for monitoring the performance of charged particle beams and the safe operation of particle accelerators. The performance of an accelerator is determined by evaluating the properties of beam particles, such as ene...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,628 Views
11 Pages

Polymerization initiators are commonly used to lower the processing temperatures and accelerate the synthesis of plastic scintillators. However, these additives can reduce light output. Since plastic scintillator tiles, fibers, and bars are used in c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,456 Views
17 Pages

Apparatus and Experiments Towards Fully Automated Medical Isotope Production Using an Ion Beam Accelerator

  • Abdulaziz Yahya M. Hussain,
  • Aliaksandr Baidak,
  • Ananya Choudhury,
  • Andy Smith and ,
  • Carl Andrews,
  • Eliza Wojcik,
  • Liam Brown,
  • Matthew Nancekievill,
  • Samir De Moraes Shubeita and
  • Frederick Currell
  • + 7 authors+ 2 authors

Zirconium-89 (89Zr) is a widely used radionuclide in immune-PET imaging due to its physical decay characteristics. Despite its importance, the production of 89Zr radiopharmaceuticals remains largely manual, with limited cost-effective automation solu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,446 Views
14 Pages

This paper presents a technique for extracting the initial parameters of the longitudinal phase space of freshly injected bunches in an electron storage ring. This technique combines simulation of single-bunch longitudinal phase space evolution with...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,539 Views
9 Pages

An Experimental Setup to Study Electron Transport and Thermalization in Cryogenic Para-Hydrogen Crystal Matrices

  • Piergiorgio Antonini,
  • Massimo Benettoni,
  • Armando F. Borghesani,
  • Caterina Braggio and ,
  • Roberto Calabrese,
  • Giovanni Carugno,
  • Federico Chiossi,
  • Ugo Gasparini,
  • Franco Gonella and
  • Marco Zanetti
  • + 15 authors+ 10 authors

We present an experimental apparatus to investigate electron transport and thermalization in cryogenic para-hydrogen crystal matrices. This paper describes the techniques used to grow and characterize the cryogenic para-hydrogen crystals, the optical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,536 Views
13 Pages

Proton Irradiation and Thermal Restoration of SiPMs for LEO Missions

  • Alexis Luszczak,
  • Lucas Finazzi,
  • Leandro Gagliardi,
  • Milagros Moreno and ,
  • Maria L. Ibarra,
  • Federico Golmar and
  • Gabriel A. Sanca
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are optical sensors widely used in space applications due to their high photon detection efficiency, low power consumption, and robustness. However, in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), their performance degrades over time due t...

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Instruments - ISSN 2410-390X