Profiling Genetic Breeding Progress in Bagrid Catfishes
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Development Status of the Aquaculture Industry for Yellow Catfish
3. Conventional Breeding Technology of Bagrid Catfishes
3.1. Selective Breeding
3.2. Genetic Engineering Applied to Breeding
3.3. Cell Engineering Applied to Breeding
3.4. Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding
3.5. Hybrid Breeding of Bagrid Catfishes
3.5.1. Interspecific Breeding
3.5.2. Intergeneric Breeding
3.6. Summary and Comparison
4. Research Progress of Hybrid Bagrid Catfishes
4.1. Breeding Conditions
4.2. Genetic Background
4.3. Molecular Mechanism of Hybrid Vigor
4.4. Comprehensive Breeding Technology for Bagrid Catfishes
4.4.1. Cell Engineering Breeding and Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding
Super-male and all-male P. fulvidraco
4.4.2. Selective Breeding and Hybrid Breeding
Hybrid “yellow catfish Huangyou No. 1” of P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂
4.5. Stress Resistance
4.6. Metabolic Nutrition
5. Summary and Future Perspectives
5.1. Whole Genome Sequencing
5.2. Establishment of Germplasm Resource Bank
5.3. Improving Original New Varieties and Breeding Other Hybrid Bagrid Combinations
5.4. Problems and Challenges
5.4.1. Genetic Breeding
5.4.2. Broodstock Management
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Authors Year | Species | Polyploid | Inducing Methods | Dose or Temperature | Processing Time | Duration | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wu et al., 2010 [63] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Cold shock | 4 °C | 3 min after fertilization | 10 min | The triploid and relative emergence rates of embryos were 58% and 53%, respectively |
Li et al., 2012 [45] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Cold shock | 4 °C | 3 min after fertilization | 15 min | Triploid induction rate was 63.3% and hatching rate was 82.3% |
Song et al., 2010 [44] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Cold shock | 5 °C | 2 min after fertilization | 20 min | High deformity rate and mortality for fish fry |
Song et al., 2010 [44] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Hot shock | 40 °C | 2 min after fertilization | 2 min | Triploid induction rate was as high as 60% in embryo and 40~50% in juvenile |
Wu et al., 2010 [63] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Hot shock | 40.5 °C | 2 min after fertilization | 2 min | The triploid rate and relative emergence rate of embryos were 59% and 36%, respectively |
Wu et al., 2010 [63] | P. fulvidraco | Tetraploid | Hot shock | 40.4 °C | 50 min after fertilization | 1.5–1.8 min | The tetraploid rate of embryos was 10.61–62.16%, the tetraploid rate of embryos in the membrane stage was 11.11–75%, and the relative emergence rate was 9.77–36.05% |
Li et al., 2012 [45] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Hot shock | 40 °C | 8 min after fertilization | 2 min | Triploid induction rate was 93.3% and hatching rate was 78.6% |
Li et al., 2012 [45] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Medication | 6—DMAP, CB | - | - | High triploid deformity rate, low hatching rate, low ploidy rate, not suitable for production |
Yang et al., 2008 [43] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Medication | 6—DMAP | 10 min after fertilization | 15 min | Hatching rate is 0, not suitable for production |
Wu et al., 2010 [63] | P. fulvidraco | Triploid | Hydrostatic shock | 550 kg/cm2 pressure | 5 min after fertilization | 5 min | Triploid rate and relative emergence rate of embryos were 55% and 54%, respectively |
Authors Year | Species | Technologies | Correlated Traits | Research Contents | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xu, 2011 [81] | P. ussuriensis | SRAP | Gender | The polymorphism of male and female genomic DNA was detected, and their gender related molecular markers were screened | Twelve pairs of primer combinations with clear bands, strong reproducibility, and good polymorphism were screened out |
Zhu et al., 2018 [82] | P. ussuriensis | PCR; Sequencing | Gender | A total of 95 female and 90 male individuals were examined | A male-associated marker pUGT54 was isolated |
Zhu et al., 2019 [74] | P. ussuriensis | 2b-RAD | Growth | A high-resolution genetic linkage map was constructed using 2b-RAD technique | A set of QTLs related to growth, body weight, head length, and body width were identified |
Zhu et al., 2021 [83] | P. ussuriensis | 2b-RAD | Gender | The DNA sequences associated with restrictive endoscopic sites were sequenced to identify sex-specific sequences in 5 female and 5 male fish | Three male-specific markers and seven male-specific sequences were screened |
Zhu et al., 2020 [75] | P. ussuriensis | PCR | Growth | Selection of sex-specific microsatellite loci in the microsatellite enrichment library | A sex-specific microsatellite locus was selected |
Zhu et al., 2012 [73] | P. fulvidraco | PCR-SSCP | Growth | SNP detection and MSTN gene were conducted and the association between MSTN gene and growth shape was analyzed | The AA genotype was the favorable genotype and the DD genotype was the unfavorable genotype for the growth |
Ge et al., 2010 [76] | P. fulvidraco | SSR, SRAP, TRAP | Growth | A genetic linkage map was constructed for QTL mapping of five growth-related traits | All three QTLs could be used for marker-assisted breeding for growth traits |
Lu et al., 2007 [77] | P. fulvidraco | AFLP | Gender | Genetic differences between males and females were analyzed using 20 AFLP primer combinations | A total of 6 loci showed significant amplification differences between male among 4 AFLP primer combinations |
Gui et al., 2009 [78] | P. fulvidraco | AFLP | Gender | The PCR method of chromosome genotype identification was established, and it played an important role in production of all-male yellow catfish | Two specific AFLP fragments that could produce X or Y chromosomes were screened and transformed into SCAR markers for sequencing |
Wang et al., 2009 [79] | P. fulvidraco | AFLP | Gender | 256 pairs of AFLP primers were used to scan the gene pool of XX, XY, and YY | Four X linkage markers and two Y linkage markers were screened out |
Xin et al., 2009 [80] | P. fulvidraco | SRAP | Gender | A SRAP-PCR amplification reaction system was established, which can be widely used in the genetic study of yellow catfish | One SRAP marker was found to be sex-specific in males and females |
Gao et al., 2020 [5] | P. fulvidraco | SNP | Gender | Genotyping sequencing was constructed, and 5705 SNP markers were mapped to 26 different linkage groups | 11 significant related QTLs were identified and 6 sex-related genes were identified |
Zhang et al., 2020 [40] | P. vachelli | SNP | Anti-stress | A high-resolution linkage map was constructed using 5059 DDRAD markers | Candidate genes for 12 growth, 1 sex determination, and 1 hypoxia tolerance related traits were constructed |
Authors Year | Hybridized Combination | Survival Rate | Fertility Rate | Emergence Rate | Characteristics |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang et al., 2002, 2012 [86,87] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | 87.5% | 71.6% | High hatching rate and fertilization rate, body color and shape similar to P. fulvidraco, and growth rate is higher than parents |
Wang et al., 2004 [89] | P. vachelli ♀ × P. fulvidraco ♂ | 79% | 53% | 6.9% | The hybrid progeny had obvious maternal benefit, low fertilization rate, and slow growth rate, which was only 0.1144 g/d and was not suitable for production |
Wang et al., 2013 [88] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | 86.5% | 70.6% | 60.7% | The hybrid combination showed high heterosis, fast growth rate, absolute weight gain rate of 0.1534 g/d, and obvious maternal effect |
Li et al., 2016 [91] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | Growth speed is fast, and hybrid has the maternal effect |
Xu et al., 2017 [94] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The hybrid progeny was superior to all-male yellow catfish in terms of species size and survival rate |
Zhang et al., 2017, 2018 [96,97] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The optimal growth temperature and density of hybrid progeny were 28.95 °C and 1.927 kg/m³. Compared with the parents, the progeny had obvious growth advantages, high quality nutritional value, higher genetic diversity, and stronger disease resistance |
Hu et al., 2019 [90] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | Growth performance was significantly better than P. fulvidraco, and the phenomenon of hermaphroditic growth was significantly reduced. The female was completely sterile, and the sperm quantity in the testis of the male was low and the effective vitality was low |
Sun et al., 2019 [93] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The hypoxic tolerance, average body weight, and survival rate were significantly higher than the female parent, and the feed conversion ratio was lower than the female parent |
Zhang et al., 2019 [95] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | Heterosis in immunity, metabolism, digestion, absorption, proliferation, and development |
Pei et al., 2020 [92] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | Hypoxic stress induces the upregulation of oxygen-sensing protein-related genes in the progenies of the hybrids and enhances the body’s antioxidant capacity to cope with oxidative stress injury caused by reoxygenation |
Zhang et al., 2020 [40] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The hybrid progeny showed heterosis in growth, antimicrobial resistance, and nutrient composition |
Zhou et al., 2021 [98] | P. fulvidraco ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The hybrid progeny showed significant differences in spine length, caudal stalk length, and eye diameter, and the main morphological characteristics of the progeny were more similar to female parent |
Authors Year | Hybridized Combination | Survival Rate | Fertility Rate | Emergence Rate | Characteristics |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wei et al., 1987 [106] | P. Vachelli ♀ × L. longirostris ♂ | - | - | - | The hybrid progeny is between the two parents in shape and grows faster than female parents |
Wang et al., 2004 [89] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × L.crassilabrus ♂ | 74% | 64.6% | 11.0% | The hybrids were not suitable for production because of their low emergence rate and morphological characteristics tending to male parents |
He et al., 2008 [107] | P. Vachelli ♀ × L. longirostris ♂ | - | 70.0% | - | Appearance, activity distribution, and body color similar to P. vachelli |
Qiu, 2009 [108] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × P.ussuriensis ♂ | 87% | - | - | The weight gain of hybrid offspring is significantly higher than P. ussuriensis, and there is no significant difference with P. fulvidraco |
Chen et al., 2010 [103] | P. Vachelli ♀ × P.ussuriensis ♂ | - | - | - | The gene heterozygosity of the first generation of hybridization was enhanced, showing some heterosis |
Cai et al., 2011 [102] | P. Vachelli ♀ × P. ussuriensis ♂ | - | - | - | The length and body weight of the hybrid progenies were greater than that of the backcrossing and self-crossing progenies |
Cai et al., 2011 [102] | P.ussuriensis ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The body weight of the hybrid group had the superparent advantage |
Qin et al., 2012 [109] | P.ussuriensis ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | - | - | - | The embryo development time was between the two parents, and the full length of the hybrid was closer to female parent |
Wang et al., 2013 [88] | P. Vachelli ♀ × L.crassilabrus ♂ | 76.5% | 81.0% | 72.9% | High fertilization rate and seedling emergence rate, fertilized eggs and strong larvae resistant to high temperature |
Wang et al., 2013 [88] | P. Vachelli ♀ × P.ussuriensis ♂ | 59.5% | - | - | The absolute weight gain rate and specific growth rate of hybrid progeny are higher than that of self-crossing and lower than that of backcrossing |
Wang et al., 2013 [88] | P.ussuriensis ♀ × P. vachelli ♂ | 62.5% | - | - | The absolute weight gain rate and specific growth rate of hybrid progeny were higher than that of parental self-crossing |
Dong et al., 2016 [104] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × L. longirostris ♂ | - | 92.67% | 79.67% | Earlier embryo development than the female parent. No significant difference in the length of self-mating body between fry and yellow catfish. |
Guo et al., 2016 [110] | L. Longirostris ♀ × P. fulvidraco ♂ | - | - | - | The genetic distance is closer than that of both parents |
Dong, 2016 [104] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × P.ussuriensis ♂ | - | 92.67% | 79.67% | The embryo development was earlier than the female parent and later than the male parent. There was no significant difference in the body length of self-crossing with the female parent |
Shi, 2016 [105] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × P.ussuriensis ♂ | 88% | - | - | The fertility advantage of hybrid progeny was not significant |
Li, 2016 [91] | P. Fulvidraco ♀ × P.ussuriensis ♂ | - | - | - | The hybrid population deviated from the all-male yellow catfish population, and the absolute weight gain rate was higher than the all-male yellow catfish population |
Shi, 2016 [104] | P.ussuriensis ♀ × P. fulvidraco ♂ | 93% | - | - | The average weight advantage decreased with the increase in time |
Dong, 2016 [104] | P.ussuriensis ♀ × P. fulvidraco ♂ | - | 89.33% | 67.33% | The embryo development was approximately 14 h shorter than the male parent self-crossing group. The body length was significantly longer than the female parent self-crossing group |
Cultured Yellow Catfish | Hybrid Yellow Catfish | All-Male Yellow Catfish | |
---|---|---|---|
Breed type | Artificial (high proportion of close relatives) | The female of hybrid fish is sterile | YY crosses with XX |
Growth rate | The adult male is 30% larger than the female, reaching 100~150 g at the second instar | The average growth rate of yellow catfish was 29.93% faster than that of yellow catfish | 30% faster than the average growth rate of normal yellow catfish |
Food coefficient | 1.46~1.49 | 1.1~1.3 | 1.1~1.3 |
Tolerance to low oxygen levels | 0.255 mg/g/h, Choke point = 0.314 mg/mL | 0.206 mg/h, Choke point = 0.27 mg/mL | 0.255 mg/g/h, Choke point = 0.314 mg/mL |
Transportation | Not tolerant to long distance transportation | Tolerance to long distance transport | Tolerance to long distance transport |
Specification uniformity | None specification (adult male 30% larger than female) | Specification | Specification (more than 94% of the individual size reached more than 100 g) |
Fishing net rate | Low | High | Low |
Optimum temperature range | 22~28 °C and 23~30 °C (breeding water temperature) | 20~32 °C and 28.4 °C (Optimum growth temperature) | 22~28 °C and 23~30 °C (breeding water temperature) |
Production cost | Low | High | High |
Survival rate | 33~52% | 89.9~90.3% | 53.3~70.8% |
Ovulation ratio | 73.6% | - | - |
Fertilization rate | 72.7% | 79.8% | >80% |
Hatching rate | 76.8% | 82.5% | 76% |
Culture cycle | Long | Short | Short |
Meat quality | High fat content and meat content is 66.47~68.41% | Meat content is 76.52% | High fat content and meat content is 66.47~68.41% |
Thickness of body skin | Thin | Thick | Thick |
Disadvantages | Long breeding cycle and low disease resistance | Higher cost of seedlings and a certain rate of malformation | Low survival rate of splashing and high seedling cost |
Advantages | Lower production cost and lower fry price | Short breeding cycle and strong resistance to disease | Short breeding cycle |
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Huang, L.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, Y.; Li, X.; Luo, Z.; Liu, W.; Luo, F.; Liu, H.; Yin, S.; Jiang, J.; et al. Profiling Genetic Breeding Progress in Bagrid Catfishes. Fishes 2023, 8, 426. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080426
Huang L, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Li X, Luo Z, Liu W, Luo F, Liu H, Yin S, Jiang J, et al. Profiling Genetic Breeding Progress in Bagrid Catfishes. Fishes. 2023; 8(8):426. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080426
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Lishi, Guosong Zhang, Yupeng Zhang, Xinlan Li, Zhong Luo, Wenyu Liu, Fu Luo, Haifeng Liu, Shaowu Yin, Jun Jiang, and et al. 2023. "Profiling Genetic Breeding Progress in Bagrid Catfishes" Fishes 8, no. 8: 426. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080426