The Second-Generation Biomethane from Mandarin Orange Peel under Cocultivation with Methanogens and the Armed Clostridium cellulovorans
by
Hisao Tomita 1,† and Yutaka Tamaru 1,2,3,*
Hisao Tomita 1,† and Yutaka Tamaru 1,2,3,*
1
Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
2
Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Advanced Research Center, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
3
Research Center of Smart Cell Innovation, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Present address: 15 Maeda, Fujie, Higashiura, Chita, Aichi 470-2105, Japan.
Fermentation 2019, 5(4), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation5040095
Received: 10 September 2019 / Revised: 30 October 2019 / Accepted: 31 October 2019 / Published: 4 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Wastes: Feedstock for Value-Added Products)
This study demonstrates that the consortium, which consists of the microbial flora of methane production (MFMP) and Clostridium cellulovorans grown with cellulose, can perform the direct conversion of cellulosic biomass to methane. The MFMP was taken from a commercial methane fermentation tank and was extremely complicated. Therefore, C. cellulovorans grown with cellobiose could not perform high degradation ability on cellulosic biomass due to competition by various microorganisms in MFMP. Focusing on the fact that C. cellulovorans was cultivated with cellulose, which is armed with cellulosome, so that it is now armed C. cellulovorans; the direct conversion was carried out by the consortium which consisted of MFMP and the armed C. cellulovorans. As a result, the consortium of C. cellulovorans grown with cellobiose and MFMP (CCeM) could not degrade the purified cellulose and mandarin orange peel. However, MFMP and the armed C. cellulovorans reduced 78.4% of the total sugar of the purified cellulose such as MN301, and produced 6.89 mL of methane simultaneously. Furthermore, the consortium consisted of MFMP and the armed C. cellulovorans degraded mandarin orange peel without any pretreatments and produced methane that was accounting for 66.2% of the total produced gas.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Tomita, H.; Tamaru, Y. The Second-Generation Biomethane from Mandarin Orange Peel under Cocultivation with Methanogens and the Armed Clostridium cellulovorans. Fermentation 2019, 5, 95.
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