Managing Cough in Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders: Lung Function and Care Strategies
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Cough Mechanics and Dysfunction in Neuromuscular Disorders
2.1. Neurophysiology and Biomechanics of Cough
2.2. Mechanisms of Cough Impairment
2.3. Microbial Colonization and Respiratory Morbidity
3. Assessment of Lung Function and Cough Efficacy
3.1. Clinical Evaluation
3.2. Lung Function Assessment
3.2.1. Spirometry
3.2.2. Slow Vital Capacity
3.2.3. Cough Effectiveness and Cough Peak Flow
3.2.4. Tests of Respiratory Muscle Strength
4. Care Strategies for Managing Cough Insufficiency
4.1. Airway Clearance Techniques
4.1.1. Proximal Airway Clearance Techniques
Mechanical Insufflation–Exsufflation
Assisted Inspiration
Assisted Expiration
4.1.2. Peripheral Airway Clearance Techniques
4.2. Respiratory Muscle Training
4.3. Preventive and Supportive Strategies
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CMT | Charcot–Marie–Tooth |
CNVS | Continuous Noninvasive Ventilatory Support |
CPF | Cough Peak Flow |
CVA | Cough Volume Acceleration |
CWS | Chest Wall Strapping |
DMD | Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
FEV1 | Forced Expiratory Volume in the 1st second |
FRC | Functional Residual Capacity |
FVC | Forced Vital Capacity |
HFCWC | High-Frequency Chest Wall Compression |
HFCWO | High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillations |
IL | Interleukin |
IMT | Inspiratory Muscle Training |
IPPB | Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing |
IPV | Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation |
MAC | Manually Assisted Cough |
MEP | Maximal Expiratory Pressure |
MIC | Maximum Insufflation Capacity |
MI-E | Mechanical Insufflation–Exsufflation |
MIP | Maximum Inspiratory Pressure |
MUC | Mucin |
NMDs | Neuromuscular Disorders |
PEF | Peak Expiratory Flow |
PFT | Pulmonary Function Testing |
QMT | Quantitative Muscle Testing |
QoL | Quality of Life |
RCTs | Randomized Controlled Trials |
RMT | Respiratory Muscle Training |
RTIs | Respiratory Tract Infections |
SD | Standard Deviation |
SVC | Slow Vital Capacity |
SMA | Spinal Muscular Atrophy |
SNIP | Sniff Nasal Inspiratory Pressure |
TLC | Total Lung Capacity |
TRP | Transient Receptor Potential |
TRPA1 | TRP Ankyrin 1 |
TRPM8 | TRP Melastatin 8 |
TRPV | TRP Vanilloid |
VC | Vital Capacity |
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Foti Randazzese, S.; Fenu, G.; Calogero, C.; Lombardi, E.; Manti, S. Managing Cough in Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders: Lung Function and Care Strategies. Children 2025, 12, 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12101377
Foti Randazzese S, Fenu G, Calogero C, Lombardi E, Manti S. Managing Cough in Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders: Lung Function and Care Strategies. Children. 2025; 12(10):1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12101377
Chicago/Turabian StyleFoti Randazzese, Simone, Grazia Fenu, Claudia Calogero, Enrico Lombardi, and Sara Manti. 2025. "Managing Cough in Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders: Lung Function and Care Strategies" Children 12, no. 10: 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12101377
APA StyleFoti Randazzese, S., Fenu, G., Calogero, C., Lombardi, E., & Manti, S. (2025). Managing Cough in Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders: Lung Function and Care Strategies. Children, 12(10), 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12101377