Preserving Yeast Genetic Heritage through DNA Damage Checkpoint Regulation and Telomere Maintenance
Abstract
:1. Introduction: The Importance of Genome Stability
2. The DNA Damage Checkpoint in S. cerevisiae
2.1. Activation of the DNA Damage Checkpoint in Yeast
2.1.1. Sensors: How the Signal Transduction Cascade Starts
Function | S. cerevisiae | H.sapiens | S.pombe |
---|---|---|---|
Sensors | |||
9-1-1 complex | Ddc1 | hRad9 | Rad9 |
Mec3 | hHus1 | Hus1 | |
Rad17 | hRad1 | Rad1 | |
RFC-like clamp loader | Rad24 | hRad17 | Rad17 |
Rfc2-5 | hRfc2-5 | Rfc2-5 | |
MRX complex | Mre11 | hMre11 | Mre11 |
Rad50 | hRad50 | Rad50 | |
Xrs2 | hNbs1 | Nbs1 | |
BRCT-containing | Dpb11 | TopBP1 | Cut5 |
BRCA1 | |||
hMdc1 | |||
ss-DNA binding | RPA | RPA | RPA |
Transducers | |||
PI3K-like kinases | Mec1-Ddc2 | ATR-ATRIP | Rad3-Rad26 |
Tel1 | ATM | Tel1 | |
Adaptors | |||
Rad9 | 53BP1 | Crb2 | |
Mrc1 | CLSPN | Mrc1 | |
Effectors | |||
Checkpoint kinases | Chk1 | CHK1 | Chk1 |
Rad53 | CHK2 | Cds1 |
2.1.2. Adaptors and Activation of Downstream Effector kinases
2.2. Inactivation of the DNA Damage Checkpoint: How to Silence the Checkpoint
2.2.1. Checkpoint Recovery: When It Is Safe to Switch the Checkpoint Off
2.2.2. Checkpoint Adaptation: Escaping the Checkpoint in the Presence of Damage
3. Genome Maintenance: Focusing on Telomere
3.1. Protection of Chromosome Ends: Telomeres
3.2. Replication of Telomeres: When and Where?
3.3. The Ends of Chromosomes Are Not DSBs
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Baldo, V.; Liang, J.; Wang, G.; Zhou, H. Preserving Yeast Genetic Heritage through DNA Damage Checkpoint Regulation and Telomere Maintenance. Biomolecules 2012, 2, 505-523. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom2040505
Baldo V, Liang J, Wang G, Zhou H. Preserving Yeast Genetic Heritage through DNA Damage Checkpoint Regulation and Telomere Maintenance. Biomolecules. 2012; 2(4):505-523. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom2040505
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaldo, Veronica, Jason Liang, Guoliang Wang, and Huilin Zhou. 2012. "Preserving Yeast Genetic Heritage through DNA Damage Checkpoint Regulation and Telomere Maintenance" Biomolecules 2, no. 4: 505-523. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom2040505