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Antibiotics
Volume 12
Issue 6
10.3390/antibiotics12061000
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Article

Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System in Mice

by
Giulia Bernabè
1,
Mahmoud Elsayed Mosaad Shalata
1,
Veronica Zatta
1,
Massimo Bellato
2,
Andrea Porzionato
3,
Ignazio Castagliuolo
1,4 and
Paola Brun
1,*
1
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 63–35127 Padova, Italy
2
Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo, 6–35131 Padova, Italy
3
Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 61–35127 Padova, Italy
4
Microbiology and Virology Unit of Padua University Hospital, School of Medicine, Via Ospedale, 1–35127 Padova, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2023, 12(6), 1000; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061000
Submission received: 26 April 2023 / Revised: 29 May 2023 / Accepted: 30 May 2023 / Published: 1 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotics as Major Disruptors of Gut Microbiota)
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Abstract

The side effects of antibiotic treatment directly correlate with intestinal dysbiosis. However, a balanced gut microbiota supports the integrity of the enteric nervous system (ENS), which controls gastrointestinal neuromuscular functions. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis on the ENS and the impact of the spontaneous re-establishment of the gut microbiota on gastrointestinal functions. C57BL/6J mice were treated daily for two weeks with antibiotics. After 0–6 weeks of antibiotics wash-out, we determined (a) gut microbiota composition, (b) gastrointestinal motility, (c) integrity of the ENS, (d) neurochemical code, and (e) inflammation. Two weeks of antibiotic treatment significantly altered gut microbial composition; the genera Clostridium, Lachnoclostridium, and Akkermansia did not regain their relative abundance following six weeks of antibiotic discontinuation. Mice treated with antibiotics experienced delayed gastrointestinal transit and altered expression of neuronal markers. The anomalies of the ENS persisted for up to 4 weeks after the antibiotic interruption; the expression of neuronal HuC/D, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf), and nerve growth factor (Ngf) mRNA transcripts did not recover. In this study, we strengthened the idea that antibiotic-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility directly correlates with gut dysbiosis as well as structural and functional damage to the ENS.
Keywords: gut microbiota; enteric nervous system; antibiotic; gastrointestinal motility disorder; inflammation gut microbiota; enteric nervous system; antibiotic; gastrointestinal motility disorder; inflammation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bernabè, G.; Shalata, M.E.M.; Zatta, V.; Bellato, M.; Porzionato, A.; Castagliuolo, I.; Brun, P. Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System in Mice. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 1000. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061000

AMA Style

Bernabè G, Shalata MEM, Zatta V, Bellato M, Porzionato A, Castagliuolo I, Brun P. Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System in Mice. Antibiotics. 2023; 12(6):1000. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061000

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bernabè, Giulia, Mahmoud Elsayed Mosaad Shalata, Veronica Zatta, Massimo Bellato, Andrea Porzionato, Ignazio Castagliuolo, and Paola Brun. 2023. "Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System in Mice" Antibiotics 12, no. 6: 1000. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061000

APA Style

Bernabè, G., Shalata, M. E. M., Zatta, V., Bellato, M., Porzionato, A., Castagliuolo, I., & Brun, P. (2023). Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System in Mice. Antibiotics, 12(6), 1000. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061000

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