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Nanomaterials
Volume 11
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10.3390/nano11010215
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Open AccessArticle

Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Water Using Environmentally Friendly Processes: Photocatalysts Preparation, Characterization, Intermediates Identification and Toxicity Assessment

by
Nina Finčur
1,†,
Paula Sfîrloagă
2,†,
Predrag Putnik
3,*,
Vesna Despotović
1,
Marina Lazarević
1,
Maria Uzelac
1,
Biljana Abramović
1,
Paulina Vlazan
2,
Cătălin Ianăși
4,
Tünde Alapi
5,
Máté Náfrádi
5,
Ivana Maksimović
6,
Marina Putnik-Delić
6 and
Daniela Šojić Merkulov
1,*
1
Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
2
National Institute of Research and Development for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Dr. Aurel Păunescu Podeanu 144, 300569 Timişoara, Romania
3
Department of Food Technology, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
4
Coriolan Dragulescu “Institute of Chemistry”, 24 Mihai Viteazu Bvd., 300223 Timisoara, Romania
5
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
6
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors are equal major contributors to this work.
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(1), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010215
Received: 4 December 2020 / Revised: 4 January 2021 / Accepted: 11 January 2021 / Published: 15 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Composite and Hybrid Materials for Pollution Remediation and Bio-Waste Valorization)
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Abstract

Pharmaceuticals and pesticides are emerging contaminants problematic in the aquatic environment because of their adverse effects on aquatic life and humans. In order to remove them from water, photocatalysis is one of the most modern technologies to be used. First, newly synthesized photocatalysts were successfully prepared using a sol–gel method and characterized by different techniques (XRD, FTIR, UV/Vis, BET and SEM/EDX). The photocatalytic properties of TiO2, ZnO and MgO nanoparticles were examined according to their removal from water for two antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone) and two herbicides (tembotrione and fluroxypyr) exposed to UV/simulated sunlight (SS). TiO2 proved to be the most efficient nanopowder under UV and SS. Addition of (NH4)2S2O8 led to the faster removal of both antibiotics and herbicide fluroxypyr. The main intermediates were separated and identified for the herbicides and antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Finally, the toxicity of each emerging pollutant mixture and formed intermediates was assessed on wheat germination and biomass production. View Full-Text
Keywords: sol–gel synthesis; TiO2; ZnO; MgO; removal efficiency; antibiotic; herbicide; toxicity; reaction intermediate sol–gel synthesis; TiO2; ZnO; MgO; removal efficiency; antibiotic; herbicide; toxicity; reaction intermediate
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Finčur, N.; Sfîrloagă, P.; Putnik, P.; Despotović, V.; Lazarević, M.; Uzelac, M.; Abramović, B.; Vlazan, P.; Ianăși, C.; Alapi, T.; Náfrádi, M.; Maksimović, I.; Putnik-Delić, M.; Šojić Merkulov, D. Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Water Using Environmentally Friendly Processes: Photocatalysts Preparation, Characterization, Intermediates Identification and Toxicity Assessment. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 215. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010215

AMA Style

Finčur N, Sfîrloagă P, Putnik P, Despotović V, Lazarević M, Uzelac M, Abramović B, Vlazan P, Ianăși C, Alapi T, Náfrádi M, Maksimović I, Putnik-Delić M, Šojić Merkulov D. Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Water Using Environmentally Friendly Processes: Photocatalysts Preparation, Characterization, Intermediates Identification and Toxicity Assessment. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(1):215. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010215

Chicago/Turabian Style

Finčur, Nina; Sfîrloagă, Paula; Putnik, Predrag; Despotović, Vesna; Lazarević, Marina; Uzelac, Maria; Abramović, Biljana; Vlazan, Paulina; Ianăși, Cătălin; Alapi, Tünde; Náfrádi, Máté; Maksimović, Ivana; Putnik-Delić, Marina; Šojić Merkulov, Daniela. 2021. "Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Water Using Environmentally Friendly Processes: Photocatalysts Preparation, Characterization, Intermediates Identification and Toxicity Assessment" Nanomaterials 11, no. 1: 215. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010215

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