Wave and Hydrodynamic Processes in the Vicinity of a Rubble-Mound, Permeable, Zero-Freeboard Breakwater
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
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J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(3), 206; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030206
Received: 23 January 2020
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Revised: 26 February 2020
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Accepted: 13 March 2020
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Published: 17 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling of Harbour and Coastal Structures)
A numerical study for the effect of crest width, breaking parameter, and trunk permeability on hydrodynamics and flow behavior in the vicinity of rubble-mound, permeable, zero-freeboard breakwaters (ZFBs) is presented. The modified two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for two-phase flows in porous media with a Smagorinsky model for the subgrid scale stresses were solved numerically. An immersed-boundary/level-set method was used. The numerical model was validated for the cases of wave propagation over a submerged impermeable trapezoidal bar and a low-crested permeable breakwater. Five cases of breakwaters were examined, and the main results are: (a) The size of the crest width, B, does not notably affect the wave reflection, vorticity, and currents in the seaward region of ZFBs, while wave transmission, currents in the leeward side, and mean overtopping discharge all decrease with increasing B. A non-monotonic behavior of the wave setup is also observed. (b) As the breaking parameter decreases, wave reflection, transmission, currents, mean overtopping discharge, and wave setup decrease. This observation is also verified by relevant empirical formulas. (c) As the ZFB trunk permeability decreases, an increase of the wave reflection, currents, wave setup, and a decrease of wave transmission and mean overtopping discharge is observed.
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Keywords:
rubble-mound; zero-freeboard; porous-media; immersed-boundary; level-set; Smagorinsky subgrid scale model; wave reflection; wave transmission; wave overtopping; wave setup
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MDPI and ACS Style
Koutrouveli, T.I.; Dimas, A.A. Wave and Hydrodynamic Processes in the Vicinity of a Rubble-Mound, Permeable, Zero-Freeboard Breakwater. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8, 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030206
AMA Style
Koutrouveli TI, Dimas AA. Wave and Hydrodynamic Processes in the Vicinity of a Rubble-Mound, Permeable, Zero-Freeboard Breakwater. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8(3):206. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030206
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoutrouveli, Theofano I., and Athanassios A. Dimas. 2020. "Wave and Hydrodynamic Processes in the Vicinity of a Rubble-Mound, Permeable, Zero-Freeboard Breakwater" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 3: 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030206
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