Novel Approaches to Improve Myeloma Cell Killing by Monoclonal Antibodies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mechanisms of Action
2.1. Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies
2.2. Anti-SLAMF7 Monoclonal Antibody
3. Mechanisms of Resistance
4. Improving the Efficacy of mAbs and Overcoming Resistance
4.1. All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA)
4.2. Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody
4.3. Cyclophosphamide (Cy)
4.4. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACi)
4.5. Urelumab: Anti-CD137 Monoclonal Antibody
5. Therapeutic Strategies Combining Anti-SLAMF7 or Anti-CD38 mAbs and Immunomodulatory Drugs (ImiDs)
5.1. ImiDs and Anti-SLAMF7 mAbs
5.2. ImiDs and Anti-CD38 mAbs
5.3. Sequence of Anti-SLAMF7 and Anti CD38 mAbs in RRMM
6. Anti-BCMA Targeting Antibodies
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ADCC | antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity |
ADCP | antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis |
ATRA | all-trans retinoic acid |
B reg | regulatory B cell |
CDC | complement-dependent cytotoxicity |
Cy | cyclophosphamide |
DARA | daratumumab |
ELO | elotuzumab |
HDACi | histone deacetylase inhibitors |
IFN-γ | interferon-γ |
ImiDs | immunomodulatory drugs |
ISA | isatuximab |
MDSC | myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
MM | multiple myeloma |
NAD | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
NK | natural killer |
SLAMF7 | signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 7 |
T reg | T regulatory cell |
TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor–α |
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Storti, P.; Costa, F.; Marchica, V.; Burroughs-Garcia, J.; dalla Palma, B.; Toscani, D.; Eufemiese, R.A.; Giuliani, N. Novel Approaches to Improve Myeloma Cell Killing by Monoclonal Antibodies. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 2864. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092864
Storti P, Costa F, Marchica V, Burroughs-Garcia J, dalla Palma B, Toscani D, Eufemiese RA, Giuliani N. Novel Approaches to Improve Myeloma Cell Killing by Monoclonal Antibodies. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):2864. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092864
Chicago/Turabian StyleStorti, Paola, Federica Costa, Valentina Marchica, Jessica Burroughs-Garcia, Benedetta dalla Palma, Denise Toscani, Rosa Alba Eufemiese, and Nicola Giuliani. 2020. "Novel Approaches to Improve Myeloma Cell Killing by Monoclonal Antibodies" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 2864. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092864