Effect of Progressive Head Extension Swallowing Exercise on Lingual Strength in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Experimental Protocol
2.3. Tongue Strengthening Training
2.4. Head Extension Measurements
2.5. Tongue Strength Measurements
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tongue Progressive Resistance Exercise; G1 (n = 13) | Tongue Isometric Exercise; G2 (n = 13) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 72.7 ± 7.3 (65–87) | 73.2 ± 5.7 (65–82) | 0.835 |
Sex | |||
Male | 4 | 1 | 0.135 |
Female | 9 | 12 | |
Mini-mental status exam | 28.6 ± 1.3 (26–30) | 28.2 ± 1.3 (26–30) | 0.387 |
Baseline maximum head extension angle (degrees) | 39.6 ± 9.9 (25–55) | ||
4th week maximum head extension angle (degrees) | 57.7 ± 7.8 (40–70) | ||
Baseline maximum isometric pressure (kPa) | 40.5 ± 9.2 (22–56) | 43.5 ± 10.4 (29–62) | 0.455 |
Baseline peak pressure during swallowing (kPa) | 26.1 ± 12.4 (10–54) | 31.3 ± 12.6 (17–59) | 0.297 |
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Park, J.-W.; Oh, C.-H.; Choi, B.-U.; Hong, H.-J.; Park, J.-H.; Kim, T.-Y.; Cho, Y.-J. Effect of Progressive Head Extension Swallowing Exercise on Lingual Strength in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 3419. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153419
Park J-W, Oh C-H, Choi B-U, Hong H-J, Park J-H, Kim T-Y, Cho Y-J. Effect of Progressive Head Extension Swallowing Exercise on Lingual Strength in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(15):3419. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153419
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Jin-Woo, Chi-Hoon Oh, Bo-Un Choi, Ho-Jin Hong, Joong-Hee Park, Tae-Yeon Kim, and Yong-Jin Cho. 2021. "Effect of Progressive Head Extension Swallowing Exercise on Lingual Strength in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 15: 3419. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153419
APA StylePark, J.-W., Oh, C.-H., Choi, B.-U., Hong, H.-J., Park, J.-H., Kim, T.-Y., & Cho, Y.-J. (2021). Effect of Progressive Head Extension Swallowing Exercise on Lingual Strength in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(15), 3419. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153419