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Article

Development of a Recombinant Thermostable Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Express Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Multiple Epitopes for Protecting against IBV and NDV Challenges

by
Lei Tan
1,
Guoyuan Wen
2,
Yanmei Yuan
1,
Meizhen Huang
1,
Yingjie Sun
1,
Ying Liao
1,
Cuiping Song
1,
Weiwei Liu
1,
Yonghong Shi
1,
Huabin Shao
2,
Xusheng Qiu
1 and
Chan Ding
1,3,*
1
Department of Avian Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
2
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China
3
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2020, 8(4), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040564
Submission received: 26 August 2020 / Revised: 16 September 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 / Published: 1 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases Immunology)
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Abstract

Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are two highly contagious diseases that severely threaten the poultry industry. The goal of this study is to prevent these two diseases and reduce the vaccine costs during storage and transportation. In this study, we design a thermostable recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) candidate live vaccine strain designated as rLS-T-HN-T/B, which expresses the multiple epitope cassette of the identified infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) (S-T/B). The rLS-T-HN-T/B strain was found to possess similar growth kinetics, passage stability, morphological characteristics, and virulence to the parental LaSota strain. After incubation at 56 °C at the indicated time points, the rLS-T-HN-T/B strain was determined by the hemagglutination (HA), and 50% embryo infectious dose (EID50) assays demonstrated that it accords with the criteria for thermostability. The thermostable rLS-T-HN-T/B and parental LaSota vaccines were stored at 25 °C for 16 days prior to immunizing the one-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. Three weeks postimmunization, the virus challenge results suggested that the chicks vaccinated with the rLS-T-HN-T/B vaccine were protected by 100% and 90% against a lethal dose of NDV and IBV, respectively. Furthermore, the trachea ciliary activity assay indicated that the mean ciliostasis score of the chicks vaccinated with thermostable rLS-T-HN-T/B vaccine was significantly superior to that of the LaSota and PBS groups (p < 0.05). The rLS-T-HN-T/B vaccine stored at 25 °C for 16 days remained capable of eliciting the immune responses and protecting against IBV and NDV challenges. However, the same storage conditions had a great impact on the parental LaSota strain vaccinated chicks, and the NDV challenge protection ratio was only 20%. We conclude that the thermostable rLS-T-HN-T/B strain is a hopeful bivalent candidate vaccine to control both IB and ND and provides an alternative strategy for the development of cost-effective vaccines for village chickens, especially in the rural areas of developing countries.
Keywords: Newcastle disease virus; thermostable; infectious bronchitis virus; multiple epitopes; vaccine Newcastle disease virus; thermostable; infectious bronchitis virus; multiple epitopes; vaccine

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Tan, L.; Wen, G.; Yuan, Y.; Huang, M.; Sun, Y.; Liao, Y.; Song, C.; Liu, W.; Shi, Y.; Shao, H.; et al. Development of a Recombinant Thermostable Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Express Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Multiple Epitopes for Protecting against IBV and NDV Challenges. Vaccines 2020, 8, 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040564

AMA Style

Tan L, Wen G, Yuan Y, Huang M, Sun Y, Liao Y, Song C, Liu W, Shi Y, Shao H, et al. Development of a Recombinant Thermostable Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Express Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Multiple Epitopes for Protecting against IBV and NDV Challenges. Vaccines. 2020; 8(4):564. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040564

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tan, Lei, Guoyuan Wen, Yanmei Yuan, Meizhen Huang, Yingjie Sun, Ying Liao, Cuiping Song, Weiwei Liu, Yonghong Shi, Huabin Shao, and et al. 2020. "Development of a Recombinant Thermostable Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Express Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Multiple Epitopes for Protecting against IBV and NDV Challenges" Vaccines 8, no. 4: 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040564

APA Style

Tan, L., Wen, G., Yuan, Y., Huang, M., Sun, Y., Liao, Y., Song, C., Liu, W., Shi, Y., Shao, H., Qiu, X., & Ding, C. (2020). Development of a Recombinant Thermostable Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccine Express Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Multiple Epitopes for Protecting against IBV and NDV Challenges. Vaccines, 8(4), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040564

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