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Volume 14
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10.3390/app14020868
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Article

Improving the Reliability of Long-Range Communication against Interference for Non-Line-of-Sight Conditions in Industrial Internet of Things Applications

by
Boubaker Abdallah
1,2,3,
Sabrine Khriji
1,4,*,
Rym Chéour
2,3,
Charbel Lahoud
5,
Klaus Moessner
5 and
Olfa Kanoun
1,*
1
Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
2
Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
3
Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Kasserine, University of Kairouan, Kasserine 1200, Tunisia
4
Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
5
Professorship Communications Engineering, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(2), 868; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020868
Submission received: 30 November 2023 / Revised: 13 January 2024 / Accepted: 17 January 2024 / Published: 19 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signal Processing and Communication for Wireless Sensor Network)
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Abstract

LoRa technology, renowned for its low-power, long-range capabilities in IoT applications, faces challenges in real-world scenarios, including fading channels, interference, and environmental obstacles. This paper aims to study the reliability of LoRa in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) conditions and in noisy and mobile environments for Industrial IoT (IIoT) applications. Experimental measurements consider factors like vegetation and infrastructure, introducing mobility to replicate NLoS conditions. Utilizing an open-source LoRa Physical Layer (PHY) Software-Defined Radio (SDR) prototype developed with GNU Radio, we assess communication reliability through metrics such as Block Error Rate (BLER), Signal-to-Noise-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), and data rate. The study reveals the estimated overall reliability of the LoRa signal at 90.23%, emphasizing specific configuration details. This work contributes to the broader field of LoRa communication, encompassing hardware, software, protocols, and management, enhancing our understanding of LoRa’s dependability in challenging IIoT environments.
Keywords: IoT; Wireless Sensor Networks; LoRa; NLoS; wireless communication; reliability IoT; Wireless Sensor Networks; LoRa; NLoS; wireless communication; reliability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Abdallah, B.; Khriji, S.; Chéour, R.; Lahoud, C.; Moessner, K.; Kanoun, O. Improving the Reliability of Long-Range Communication against Interference for Non-Line-of-Sight Conditions in Industrial Internet of Things Applications. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 868. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020868

AMA Style

Abdallah B, Khriji S, Chéour R, Lahoud C, Moessner K, Kanoun O. Improving the Reliability of Long-Range Communication against Interference for Non-Line-of-Sight Conditions in Industrial Internet of Things Applications. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(2):868. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020868

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdallah, Boubaker, Sabrine Khriji, Rym Chéour, Charbel Lahoud, Klaus Moessner, and Olfa Kanoun. 2024. "Improving the Reliability of Long-Range Communication against Interference for Non-Line-of-Sight Conditions in Industrial Internet of Things Applications" Applied Sciences 14, no. 2: 868. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020868

APA Style

Abdallah, B., Khriji, S., Chéour, R., Lahoud, C., Moessner, K., & Kanoun, O. (2024). Improving the Reliability of Long-Range Communication against Interference for Non-Line-of-Sight Conditions in Industrial Internet of Things Applications. Applied Sciences, 14(2), 868. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020868

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