Determinants of Reactive Agility in Tests with Different Demands on Sensory and Motor Components in Handball Players
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Experimental Procedure
- Y-Shaped Agility Test
- Reactive Agility Test (RAT)
- Simple and Choice Reaction Time Test
- Reaction Time Test to Fast Generating Visual Stimuli
- Squat Jump (SJ)
- Countermovement Jump (CMJ)
- Drop Jump (DJ)
- 20 m and 5 m Sprint
- 505 Agility Test
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Young, W.B.; Rayner, R.; Talpey, S. It’s time to change direction on agility research: A call to action. Sports Med. Open 2021, 7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Brughelli, M.; Cronin, J.; Levin, G.; Chaouachi, A. Understanding change of direction ability in sport a review of resistance training studies. Sports Med. 2008, 38, 1045–1063. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Scanlan, A.; Huphries, B.; Tucker, P.S.; Dalbo, V. The influence of physical and cognitive factors on reactive agility performance in men basketball players. J. Sports Sci. 2014, 32, 367–374. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sheppard, J.M.; Young, W.B.; Doyle, T.L.A.; Sheppard, T.A.; Newton, R.U. An evaluation of a new test of reactive agility and its relationship to sprint speed and change of direction speed. J. Sci. Med. Sport 2006, 9, 342–349. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Young, W.B.; James, R.; Montgomery, I. Is muscle power related to running speed with changes of direction? J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. 2002, 42, 282–288. [Google Scholar]
- Lockie, R.G.; Jeffriess, M.D.; McGann, T.S.; Callaghan, S.J.; Schultz, A.B. Planned and reactive agility performance in semiprofessional and amateur basketball players. Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 2014, 9, 766–771. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Matlák, J.; Tihanyi, J.; Racz, L. Relationship between reactive agility and change of direction speed in amateur soccer players. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2016, 30, 1547–1552. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Oliver, J.L.; Meyers, R.W. Reliability and generality of measures of acceleration, planned agility and reactive agility. Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform. 2009, 4, 345–354. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Spasic, M.; Krolo, A.; Zenic, N.; Delextrat, A.; Sekulic, D. Reactive agility performance in handball; development and evaluation of a sport-specific measurement protocol. J. Sports Sci. Med. 2015, 14, 501–506. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Sekulic, D.; Krolo, A.; Spasic, M.; Uljevic, O.; Peric, M. The development of a new stop’n’go reactive-agility test. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2014, 28, 3306–3312. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Young, W.; Rogers, N. Effects of small-sided game and change-of-direction training on reactive agility and change-of-direction speed. J. Sports Sci. 2014, 32, 307–314. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Karcher, C.; Buchheit, M. On-court demands of elite handball, with special reference to playing positions. Sports Med. 2014, 44, 797–814. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bayraktar, I. The influences of speed, COD speed and balance on reactive agility performance in team handball. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Educ. 2017, 3, 451–461. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bourgeois, F.A.; McGuigan, M.R.; Gill, N.D.; Gamble, P. Physical characteristics and performance in change of direction tasks: A brief review and training considerations. J. Aust. Strength Cond. 2017, 25, 104–117. [Google Scholar]
- Zemková, E.; Hamar, D. Towards and Understanding of Agility Performance, 2nd ed.; Albert: Boskovice, Czech Republic, 2015; ISBN 978-80-7326-258-7. [Google Scholar]
- Cohen, J. Statistical Power Analysis for Behavioral Science, 2nd ed.; Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ, USA, 1988; ISBN 0-8058-0283-5. [Google Scholar]
- Ziv, G.; Lidor, R. Physical characteristics, physiological attributes, and on-court performances of handball players: A review. Eur. J. Sport Sci. 2009, 9, 375–386. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Castillo-Rodríguez, A.; Fernández-García, J.C.; Chinchilla-minguet, J.L.; Carnero, E.Á. Relationship between muscular strength and sprints with changes of direction. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2012, 26, 725–732. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Flanagan, E.P.; Comyns, T. The use of contact time and the reactive strength index to optimize fast stretch-shortening cycle training. Strength Cond. J. 2008, 30, 32–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Young, W.B.; Dawson, B.; Henry, G. Agility and change-of-direction speed are independent skills: Implications for agility in invasion sports. Int. J. Sports Sci. Coach. 2015, 10, 159–169. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Šimonek, J.; Horička, P.; Hianik, J. The differences in acceleration, maximal speed and agility between soccer, basketball, volleyball and handball players. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. 2017, 12, 73–82. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Salaj, S.; Markovic, G. Specificity of jumping, sprinting, and quick change-of-direction motor abilities. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2011, 25, 1249–1255. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sattler, T.; Sekulic, D.; Spasic, M.; Peric, M.; Krolo, A.; Uljevic, O.; Kondrič, M. Analysis of the association between motor and anthropometric variables with change of direction speed and reactive agility performance. J. Hum. Kinetic 2015, 47, 137–145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
Test | Mean ± SD |
---|---|
Simple reaction time | 315 ± 19.6 |
Choice reaction time | 409 ± 18.9 |
Reaction time to fast generated visual stimuli | 10.3 ± 0.5 |
Time in the Y-shaped agility test | 2.0 ± 0.1 |
Time in the reactive agility test (RAT) | 40.2 ± 2.3 |
Squat jump height | 29.6 ± 4.1 |
Countermovement jump height | 34.9 ± 5.4 |
RSI in a drop jump test | 1.5 ± 0.4 |
Y-Shaped Agility Test | R | p | R2 |
---|---|---|---|
Simple reaction time | 0.125 | 0.789 | 0.016 |
Choice reaction time | 0.107 | 0.819 | 0.011 |
Reaction time to fast generating visual stimuli | 0.062 | 0.895 | 0.004 |
Time in 5 m sprint | 0.665 | 0.103 | 0.442 |
Time in 20 m sprint | 0.777 | 0.040 | 0.604 |
Time in the 505 Agility test | 0.770 | 0.043 | 0.593 |
Squat jump height | −0.608 | 0.148 | 0.370 |
Countermovement jump height | −0.540 | 0.210 | 0.292 |
RSI in the drop jump test | −0.755 | 0.0499 | 0.570 |
505 Agility Test | Sprint (20 m) | Sprint (5 m) | RSI in the Drop Jump Test | Squat Jump Height | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
505 Agility test | |||||
Sprint (20 m) | 0.813 * | ||||
Sprint (5 m) | 0.787 * | 0.914 ** | |||
RSI in the drop jump test | −0.906 ** | −0.837 * | −0.679 | ||
Squat jump height | −0.714 | −0.809 * | −0.605 | 0.844 * |
RAT | r | p | R2 |
---|---|---|---|
Simple reaction time | 0.439 | 0.324 | 0.193 |
Choice reaction time | 0.220 | 0.635 | 0.048 |
Reaction time to fast generating visual stimuli | 0.486 | 0.269 | 0.236 |
Time in the 5-m-long sprint | 0.341 | 0.454 | 0.116 |
Time in the 20-m-long sprint | 0.566 | 0.185 | 0.320 |
Time in the 505 Agility test | 0.654 | 0.111 | 0.428 |
Squat jump height | −0.572 | 0.180 | 0.327 |
Countermovement ump height | −0.221 | 0.634 | 0.049 |
RSI in the drop jump test | −0.747 | 0.054 | 0.558 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Horníková, H.; Jeleň, M.; Zemková, E. Determinants of Reactive Agility in Tests with Different Demands on Sensory and Motor Components in Handball Players. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 6531. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146531
Horníková H, Jeleň M, Zemková E. Determinants of Reactive Agility in Tests with Different Demands on Sensory and Motor Components in Handball Players. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(14):6531. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146531
Chicago/Turabian StyleHorníková, Henrieta, Michal Jeleň, and Erika Zemková. 2021. "Determinants of Reactive Agility in Tests with Different Demands on Sensory and Motor Components in Handball Players" Applied Sciences 11, no. 14: 6531. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146531
APA StyleHorníková, H., Jeleň, M., & Zemková, E. (2021). Determinants of Reactive Agility in Tests with Different Demands on Sensory and Motor Components in Handball Players. Applied Sciences, 11(14), 6531. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146531