Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials and Source of Viral Isolate
2.2. Leaves Extract Preparation and Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
2.3. Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
2.4. Greenhouse Experimental Design and Antiviral Activity Assay
2.5. RNA Extraction and qRT-PCR Assay
2.6. Statistical Analyses
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis
3.2. FTIR Analysis
3.3. Particle Size Distribution and Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis
3.4. Effect of Zn NPs on Disease Severity and TMV Systemic Accumulation Level
3.5. Transcriptional Levels of Defense-Related Genes
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer Name | Abbreviation | Direction | Sequence (5′--3′) |
---|---|---|---|
Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase | PAL | Forward | ACGGGTTGCCATCTAATCTGACA |
Reverse | CGAGCAATAAGAAGCCATCGCAAT | ||
Pathogenesis Related Protein-1 | PR-1 | Forward | CCAAGACTATCTTGCGGTTC |
Reverse | GAACCTAAGCCACGATACCA | ||
Chalcone Synthase | CHS | Forward | CACCGTGGAGGAGTATCGTAAGGC |
Reverse | TGATCAACACAGTTGGAAGGCG | ||
Peroxidase | POD | Forward | TGGAGGTCCAACATGGCAAGTTCT |
Reverse | TGCCACATCTTGCCCTTCCAAATG | ||
Tobacco mosaic virus-Coat Protein | TMV-CP | Forward | ACGACTGCCGAAACGTTAGA |
Reverse | CAAGTTGCAGGACCAGAGGT | ||
Beta-Actin | β-actin | Forward | ATGCCATTCTCCGTCTTGACTTG |
Reverse | GAGTTGTATGTAGTCTCGTGGATT |
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Abdelkhalek, A.; Al-Askar, A.A. Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 5054. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155054
Abdelkhalek A, Al-Askar AA. Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10(15):5054. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155054
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdelkhalek, Ahmed, and Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar. 2020. "Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus" Applied Sciences 10, no. 15: 5054. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155054
APA StyleAbdelkhalek, A., & Al-Askar, A. A. (2020). Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Applied Sciences, 10(15), 5054. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155054