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Article

Long-Term Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Pediatric Population

by
Ana Méndez-Echevarría
1,*,
Talía Sainz
1,
Iker Falces-Romero
2,
Beatriz de Felipe
3,
Lucia Escolano
1,
Sonia Alcolea
1,
Lidia Pertiñez
1,
Olaf Neth
3 and
Cristina Calvo
1
1
Pediatrics and Infectious Disease Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Translational Research Network of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), 28049 Madrid, Spain
2
Microbiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28049 Madrid, Spain
3
Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Immunology Department, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2021, 10(6), 700; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060700
Submission received: 13 May 2021 / Revised: 1 June 2021 / Accepted: 2 June 2021 / Published: 4 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Respiratory Tract Infections in Children)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Antibody dynamics over time after SARS-CoV-2 infection are still unclear, and data regarding children are scarce. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed including children infected by SARS-CoV-2 between March and May 2020. Patients were categorized into 3 groups: children admitted with COVID-19; outpatient children with mild COVID-19; and seropositive children participating in a seroprevalence study among cohabitants of infected healthcare workers (HCWs). Six months after the infection, a new serological control was performed. Results: A total of 58 children were included, 50% male (median age 8.3 [IQR 2.8–13.5] years). The median time between the two serological studies was 186 (IQR 176–192) days, and 86% (48/56) of the children maintained positive IgG six months after the infection. This percentage was 100% in admitted patients and 78% among the rest of the included children (p = 0.022). The diagnoses of lower respiratory tract infection and multisystemic inflammatory syndrome were associated with persistence of IgG (p = 0.035). The children of HCWs in the seroprevalence study lost antibodies more often (p = 0.017). Initial IgG titers of the children who remained positive six months after the infection were significantly higher (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Most children infected by SARS-CoV-2 maintain a positive serological response six months after the infection. Those children who lost their IgG titer were more frequently asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, presenting with low antibody titers after the infection.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; serology; antibody; COVID-19; children; pediatric SARS-CoV-2; serology; antibody; COVID-19; children; pediatric

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MDPI and ACS Style

Méndez-Echevarría, A.; Sainz, T.; Falces-Romero, I.; de Felipe, B.; Escolano, L.; Alcolea, S.; Pertiñez, L.; Neth, O.; Calvo, C. Long-Term Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Pediatric Population. Pathogens 2021, 10, 700. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060700

AMA Style

Méndez-Echevarría A, Sainz T, Falces-Romero I, de Felipe B, Escolano L, Alcolea S, Pertiñez L, Neth O, Calvo C. Long-Term Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Pediatric Population. Pathogens. 2021; 10(6):700. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060700

Chicago/Turabian Style

Méndez-Echevarría, Ana, Talía Sainz, Iker Falces-Romero, Beatriz de Felipe, Lucia Escolano, Sonia Alcolea, Lidia Pertiñez, Olaf Neth, and Cristina Calvo. 2021. "Long-Term Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Pediatric Population" Pathogens 10, no. 6: 700. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060700

APA Style

Méndez-Echevarría, A., Sainz, T., Falces-Romero, I., de Felipe, B., Escolano, L., Alcolea, S., Pertiñez, L., Neth, O., & Calvo, C. (2021). Long-Term Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Pediatric Population. Pathogens, 10(6), 700. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060700

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