A Study on the Optimization of Wind Environment of Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area: A Case Study of Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island Houses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Actual Measurement Method and Data Analysis
2.1. Research Subjects
2.2. Heat and Humidity Environment: Actual Measurement
2.3. Heat Island Intensity Simulation
2.4. Natural Ventilation Condition
3. Wind Environment Optimization Strategy for Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area
3.1. Model Adjustment and Parameter Setting
3.2. Wind Environment Optimization Design Strategy for Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area
3.2.1. External Wind Infusion Organization
3.2.2. Group Orientation Layout
3.2.3. Planar Grouping Optimization
3.2.4. Building Façade Combination
3.2.5. Monolithic Building Openings
3.2.6. Indoor Ventilation Block
4. Optimization and Enhancement of Design Strategy Evaluation
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Project Introduction | Scene Photos | Construction Group | Building Units | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Villa name: “Yunshan Poetic” Architectural style: New Chinese style Building Type: Courtyard Villa Location: Renmin East Road, Heshan, Jiangmen Grouping Form: Row layout, mirror symmetry | |||||
A plan of the Moon Island Residence | Huxing group form | ||||
The first floor | The second floor | The ventilation of the villa | |||
Damp wall peeling | Material moldy and blackened | Wallpaper crumpling and warping | Insects and bacteria breeding |
Monitoring Parameters | Instrument Name | Instrument Range | Instrument Precision | Instrument Photograph |
---|---|---|---|---|
v (m/s) | 0~70.0 m/s | ±0.3 m/s | ||
BX portable weather station | ||||
Wind direction (°) atm (hPa) | 0~360° 10 hPa~1100 hPa 0~100% | ±1° ±0.1 hPa ±0.3 °C ±3% | ||
−10 °C~60 °C | ±0.1 °C | |||
TES-1341 anemometers | ||||
0~100% 0~30.0 m/s | ±3% ±0.01 m/s | |||
JTR04 black-bulb thermometers | −20 °C~125 °C | ±0.5 °C |
Actual Measurement Deployment | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
guest bedroom | Bathroom | Master bedroom | Cloakroom | kitchen |
Measured working conditions | Actual measurement results | |||
measurement time: 25 May 2021, 19:00–26 May 19:00 (a day and night; 24 h continuous monitoring) condition: 25 May 2021 19:00–22:00 (sunny), 22:00–the next day 06:00 (rain); 26 May 06:00 (sunny), 12:00–19:00 (cloudy) Deployment points: 10 Deployment areas: Kitchen, living room, public bathroom, three bedrooms and bathroom, checkroom Measuring height: 1.1 m from the ground | Average wind speed: 0.18 m/s; Dominant wind: Mainly south; Temperature range: 25–32.6 °C | |||
Average temperature:27.7 °C; Humidity range: 65.4–92%RH; Average humidity: 83.592%RH |
Level | Evaluation Criteria (APMV) |
---|---|
Level I | −0.5 ≤ APMV ≤ 0.5 |
Level II | −1 ≤ APMV < −0.5 or 0.5 < APMV ≤ 1 |
Level III | APMV < −1 or APMV > 1 |
Monitoring Time | Monitoring Results |
---|---|
25 May, 19:00 to 22:00 (Sunny) | APMV values for all rooms were Level II. |
25 May, 22:00 to 26, 6:00 (rain) | The rooms basically met the Level II indicators; the living room in the early morning reached the Level I indicators. |
26 May, 6:00 to 12:00 (Sunny) | The measured rooms basically met the index of Level II; the temperature rose near noon, and APMV gradually increased |
26 May, 12:00 to 19:00 (overcast) | As the temperature rose at noon, only the first two guest bedroom bathrooms met the Level II indicators, and the rest of the rooms, as a whole, met the Level III indicators |
Surface Reflectance | Surface Emissivity | Constructed Composition (from Top to Bottom) | Thermal Conductivity/(W/m2·K) | Volumetric Heat Capacity/(KJ/(m³·K)) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.3 | 0.9 | 150 mm concrete | 0.52 | 1274 |
230 mm sand | 0.58 | 1616 | ||
Plain soil layer | 0.93 | 1800 |
Time Node | Outdoor Ambient Temperature (°C) | Outdoor Average Temperature (°C) | Heat Island Intensity (°C) |
---|---|---|---|
9:00 | 29.00 | 28.82 | −0.18 |
10:00 | 29.70 | 29.56 | −0.14 |
11:00 | 30.40 | 30.71 | 0.31 |
12:00 | 30.90 | 31.52 | 0.62 |
13:00 | 31.10 | 32.20 | 1.10 |
14:00 | 31.00 | 32.66 | 1.66 |
15:00 | 30.70 | 32.53 | 1.83 |
16:00 | 30.10 | 31.99 | 1.89 |
17:00 | 29.40 | 31.34 | 1.94 |
18:00 | 28.80 | 30.21 | 1.41 |
19:00 | 28.10 | 28.95 | 0.85 |
Average | 29.93 | 30.95 | 1.02 |
Cold | Cool | Slightly Cooler | Thermal Comfort | Slightly Warmer | Warm | Heat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
−3 | −2 | −1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Name of the Room | Kitchen | Living and Dining Room | Bathroom | The Guest Bedroom on the First Floor A | The Guest Bedroom on the First Floor | Master Bedroom | Cloakroom |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year-round comfort time (%) | 44.83 | 47.02 | 50.95 | 40.33 | 40.61 | 20.95 | 22.04 |
Window type encoding | Sliding windows A | Casement windows B | Doors and windows C | Can’t open D | |||||
Upper-hung window E | Lower-hung window F | Longitudinally center-hung H | Transverse center-hung G | ||||||
Ventilation Module (Now) | |||||||||
Area | First-floor bedroom | Master Bedroom second floor | kitchen | Patio | Bathroom on the second floor | Bathroom First floor | The dining room | ||
Combination | 1C + 2A + 2D | 2B + 3D | 2B | 1B + 1H | 2B + 4D | 1B | 4A + 17H | ||
= 0.5 | = 1 | = 1 | = 1 | = 1 | = 1 | = 0.5 | |||
Optimized | |||||||||
Combination | 1C + 2B + 2D | 2E + 2F + 1D | 2H | 1E + 1H | 2G + 3E + 1G | 1F | 4H + 10G + 7D | ||
= 0.89 | = 0.3 | = 1 | = 1 | = 1 | = 0.3 | = 0.63 | |||
⑳ Optimized combination of window-opening types |
Steps | Adjusted Content | Steps | Adjusted Content |
---|---|---|---|
① | Original layout | ⑪ | Building groups are adjusted to Matrix ventilation + Scale control of cold alley |
② | Adjust the roadway scale | ⑫ | Building groups are adjusted to Fishbone layout |
③ | Control vegetation density | ⑬ | Building groups are adjusted to Fishbone style + High-density villas (Vertical) |
④ | Misplaced layout | ⑭ | Building groups are adjusted to Fishbone style + High-density villas (Laterally) |
⑤ | The prevailing wind direction is adjusted to positive southeast | ⑮ | The façade design of the building group is adjusted to Parallel façade |
⑥ | The prevailing wind direction is adjusted to positive southwest | ⑯ | The façade design of the building group is adjusted to stepped façade |
⑦ | Adjusting the prevailing wind direction to 15° west of south | ⑰ | The façade design of the building group is adjusted to Treasure bowl |
⑧ | Building groups are adjusted to One-way ventilation | ⑱ | Merge Architectural Patio |
⑨ | Building groups are adjusted to Cross-ventilation | ⑲ | Optimization of building ventilation openings |
⑩ | Building groups are adjusted to Matrix ventilation | ⑳ | Reassembling window-opening types |
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Du, Z.; Guo, W.; Li, W.; Gao, X. A Study on the Optimization of Wind Environment of Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area: A Case Study of Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island Houses. Buildings 2022, 12, 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091304
Du Z, Guo W, Li W, Gao X. A Study on the Optimization of Wind Environment of Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area: A Case Study of Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island Houses. Buildings. 2022; 12(9):1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091304
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Zhaoming, Weihong Guo, Weicong Li, and Xuyi Gao. 2022. "A Study on the Optimization of Wind Environment of Existing Villa Buildings in Lingnan Area: A Case Study of Jiangmen’s “Yunshan Poetic” Moon Island Houses" Buildings 12, no. 9: 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091304