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Volume 12
Issue 7
10.3390/land12071440
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Article

Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia

by
Hangyu Gao
1,*,
Shamsul Abu Bakar
1,*,
Suhardi Maulan
1,
Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof
1,
Riyadh Mundher
1 and
Khalilah Zakariya
2
1
Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Design and Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
2
Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Land 2023, 12(7), 1440; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12071440
Submission received: 28 June 2023 / Revised: 14 July 2023 / Accepted: 18 July 2023 / Published: 19 July 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Landscape Architecture and Design in Urban and Peri-Urban Environment)
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Abstract

The rural road landscape is crucial in forming rural areas’ landscape character (LC). As a platform for portraying the rural landscape, the rural roads demonstrate the area’s unique natural and cultural characteristics to visitors. However, with the continuous development of rural areas, the rural LC has been severely impacted, thus impacting visitors’ visual experience. In order to preserve and protect the rural landscape, this study aims to assess the visual quality of rural road landscapes based on public preference and heatmap analysis. The results indicated that most of the participants had a higher level of preference for rural landscapes with open horizontal views represented by agricultural areas, such as paddy fields. It was also found that different paddy field characters based on their planting stages can also positively affect the visual quality of rural road landscapes. The study also revealed that rural LCs with roadside settlements, commercial structures, mixed agricultural crops, and vegetation received low preference ratings. These characters negatively impact the visual quality of the rural road landscape. These findings provide significant insight for planners and decision-makers regarding protecting and preserving the essential rural road landscapes for the rural tourism experience.
Keywords: rural road landscape; landscape character; landscape visual quality; rural tourism experience rural road landscape; landscape character; landscape visual quality; rural tourism experience

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gao, H.; Abu Bakar, S.; Maulan, S.; Mohd Yusof, M.J.; Mundher, R.; Zakariya, K. Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia. Land 2023, 12, 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12071440

AMA Style

Gao H, Abu Bakar S, Maulan S, Mohd Yusof MJ, Mundher R, Zakariya K. Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia. Land. 2023; 12(7):1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12071440

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gao, Hangyu, Shamsul Abu Bakar, Suhardi Maulan, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, Riyadh Mundher, and Khalilah Zakariya. 2023. "Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia" Land 12, no. 7: 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12071440

APA Style

Gao, H., Abu Bakar, S., Maulan, S., Mohd Yusof, M. J., Mundher, R., & Zakariya, K. (2023). Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia. Land, 12(7), 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12071440

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