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Water
Volume 11
Issue 7
10.3390/w11071438
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Article

Batch and Column Scale Removal of Cadmium from Water Using Raw and Acid Activated Wheat Straw Biochar

by
Muhammad Asif Naeem
1,
Muhammad Imran
1,*,
Muhammad Amjad
1,
Ghulam Abbas
1,
Muhammad Tahir
1,
Behzad Murtaza
1,
Ali Zakir
1,
Muhammad Shahid
1,
Laura Bulgariu
2 and
Iftikhar Ahmad
1,*
1
Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
2
Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Technical University Gheorghe Asachi of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2019, 11(7), 1438; https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071438
Submission received: 8 May 2019 / Revised: 3 July 2019 / Accepted: 8 July 2019 / Published: 12 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater)
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Abstract

The present study examined novel wheat straw biochar (WSB) and acid treated wheat straw biochar (AWSB) for cadmium removal from contaminated water. A series of batch and column scale experiments was conducted to evaluate the potential of WSB and AWSB for cadmium removal at different biochar dosage (0.5–8 g/L), initial cadmium concentration (5–100 mg/L), solution pH (2–8) and contact time (5–180 min). Results revealed that cadmium adsorption decreased by increasing biochar dosage from 0.5 to 8 g/L; however, optimum dosage for maximum (99%) removal of cadmium was 2 g/L by WSB and 1 g/L by AWSB. Enhanced cadmium removal potential by AWSB is attributed to increased surface area, microporosity and variation in functional groups. Equilibrium experimental data was well described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm whereas kinetic data were better explained with pseudo-second order model. Both WSB and AWSB have shown good adsorption capacity of 31.65 mg/g and 74.63 mg/g, respectively, that is comparable with other costly adsorbents. Columns packed with WSB and AWSB at laboratory scale have also shown good retention of cadmium with excellent reusability. These findings indicate that WSB especially AWSB could be a promising, cost-effective and environmental friendly strategy for the removal of metals from contaminated water.
Keywords: activated biochar; column; sorption; kinetics; water treatment activated biochar; column; sorption; kinetics; water treatment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Naeem, M.A.; Imran, M.; Amjad, M.; Abbas, G.; Tahir, M.; Murtaza, B.; Zakir, A.; Shahid, M.; Bulgariu, L.; Ahmad, I. Batch and Column Scale Removal of Cadmium from Water Using Raw and Acid Activated Wheat Straw Biochar. Water 2019, 11, 1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071438

AMA Style

Naeem MA, Imran M, Amjad M, Abbas G, Tahir M, Murtaza B, Zakir A, Shahid M, Bulgariu L, Ahmad I. Batch and Column Scale Removal of Cadmium from Water Using Raw and Acid Activated Wheat Straw Biochar. Water. 2019; 11(7):1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071438

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naeem, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Amjad, Ghulam Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, Behzad Murtaza, Ali Zakir, Muhammad Shahid, Laura Bulgariu, and Iftikhar Ahmad. 2019. "Batch and Column Scale Removal of Cadmium from Water Using Raw and Acid Activated Wheat Straw Biochar" Water 11, no. 7: 1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071438

APA Style

Naeem, M. A., Imran, M., Amjad, M., Abbas, G., Tahir, M., Murtaza, B., Zakir, A., Shahid, M., Bulgariu, L., & Ahmad, I. (2019). Batch and Column Scale Removal of Cadmium from Water Using Raw and Acid Activated Wheat Straw Biochar. Water, 11(7), 1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071438

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